空间碎片观测精度分析

文章分别用内符合精度和外符合精度两种精度指标对云南天文台SBG望远镜的观测数据进行判定，确定了其观测精度。得到高轨空间碎片的观测精度约为2″，和低轨空间碎片的观测精度约为7″，并对观测误差的来源作了一些初步的分析。     

Geochronology and Geochemistry of the Magmatic Rocks from Zedong Ophiolite, Eastern Yarlung-Zangbo Suture Zone, Tibet

The Yarlung Zangbo suture zone extends more than2000 km along southern Tibet and marks the boundary between the Indian subcontinent and Eurasia.The Zedong terrane has been not suggested to represent the vestige of such an intra-oceanic arc developed within the Neo-Tethys Ocean,as a result of the northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean during the Late Jurassic.In this study,we present detailed geochemical and geochronological data of various types of magmatic rocks widely exposed in the Zedong terrane to constrain the formation age and tectonic setting of the Zedong terrane.We found that the Zedong volcanic rocks belong to high K2O calc-alkaline series,whereas the diabase and gabbro plotted in the low-K calcalkline.The basalt rocks are highly enriched in LREE and LILE,but strongly depleted in HFSE,indicating they were derived from a metasomatized mantle.Both gabbros and diabase have similar N-MORB geochemistry indicates that the cumulates were produced from MOR setting.Zircons from four samples,including the basalt rocks(158-161Ma)are older than the gabbro(131 Ma),certificate the gabbro are as the vein intrude into the basalt rocks.This suggests that the volcanic eruption and plutonic emplacement were coevally developed in the Zedonghave similar positiveεHf(t)values(+2.0 to+15.6)and(+8.6 to+18.4),indicating they were stemmed from similarly depleted mantle sources,same with the gabbro and granitic rocks from the Gangdese arc.Therefore,we proposed that the basalt rocks in the Zedong terrane were formed through partial melting of the mantle wedge metasomatized by slab-released fluids/melts.A part of hydrous basalts were underplated in the thickened lower crust beneath the Zedong terrane,which gave rise to the cumulate and granitic rocks.This suggests that the Zedong terrane represents a slice of the active continental margin developed on the southern margin of the Lhasa terrane as a result of the northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean during the Late Jurassic,although a possible intra-oceanic arc setting cannot be excluded.     

Ecological indicators showing the succession of macrofauna communities in Sonneratia apetala artificial mangrove wetlands on Qi’ao Island at Zhuhai, South China

The Sonneratia apetala artificial mangroves in the intertidal zone of Da Wei Bay at Qi’ao Island of Zhu-hai, South China were chosen as the macrofauna succession plots while bare tidal flats of the same size were established as control plots in surrounding interference-free areas. Conventional change indicators of community structure, such as biomass and biodiversity, and indicators, such as exergy and specific exergy, which reflect the information change of overall communities, were used to analyze the succession of macro-fauna communities inS. apetala artificial mangroves. The similarities and differences in variation tendency of the different ecological indicators and their reflected ecological principles were compared. The results showed that from D-1 to D-1275 after plantingS. apetala, the biomass of the macrofauna communities first increased, which was then followed by an increase in the network relationship between the macrofauna communities （analysis of the Pielou evenness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index）. The system in-formation （specific exergy） increased the slowest. Between D-1460 and D-2370 after plantingS. apetala, there was a decrease in biomass, network structure, and system information in the succession plots. After the decrease in the system information （the specific exergy）, there was a decline in the network relationships （Pielou evenness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index）. Biomass was the last indicator to decrease. The similarities and differences among the different ecological indicators varied during the succession pro-cess, which reflected the relativity and differences among the indicators. This study suggested that, although the species diversity index can be an effective indicator of two types of changes （network structure and system information）, it was quite clear that species diversity measurement was not suitable for expressing the changes in biomass during the succession process. While exergy and specific exergy can provide useful information     

内蒙古西乌旗沙尔哈达晚侏罗世A型花岗岩：地球化学特征、岩石成因与动力学背景

内蒙古西乌旗沙尔哈达花岗岩侵入于贺根山缝合带蛇绿岩中。LA-ICP-MS锆石测年指示,沙尔哈达花岗岩岩株于晚侏罗世(154.6±1.2 Ma)侵位,矿物组合以石英、碱性长石和斜长石为主,富SiO2(74.86%~75.97%)、K2O(4.4%~4.95%),贫MgO(0.044%~0.22%)、CaO(0.38%~0.77%)、TiO2(0.046%~0.18%)和P2O5(0.007%~0.042%),A/CNK=1.03~1.09, 小于1.1,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、Eu、P、Ti,具有典型的右倾“海鸥型”稀土元素分配模式,表现出典型的铝质A型花岗岩的矿物组合及地球化学特征。沙尔哈达A型花岗岩具有低的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.7014~0.70374)、低正εNd(t)值(+3.96~+4.31)、高的εHf(t)值(+10.54~+14.72)。同位素地球化学特征指示,沙尔哈达花岗岩可能源于新生的中基性地壳物质部分熔融及其后的结晶分异作用。沙尔哈达A型花岗岩为晚侏罗世蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合后造山伸展作用的产物,和蒙古-华北北部地块散布的其他A型花岗岩共同指示中晚侏罗世广泛的中下地壳伸展。     

地缘政治风险研究进展与展望

地缘政治风险是影响全球和区域和平、稳定与发展的5大风险之一。如何识别、评估、预测和管理地缘政治风险成为国内外共同关注的问题。国内外学者对地缘政治风险这一术语的定义还不统一。当前地缘政治风险研究,在致险因素分析、风险影响刻画、风险量化与制图等领域都有一些新进展。针对地缘政治风险致险因子的时空差异性和多变性、各致险因子相互影响与反馈机制的复杂性以及地缘政治风险的突发性和不确定性,对致险因素的精准识别,地缘政治风险形成的机理,地缘政治风险监测与模拟等研究成为核心和前沿问题。中国未来地缘政治风险和重要研究方向包括：周边地区地缘政治风险研究;地缘政治风险的定量化与模拟研究;跨学科、大数据、多终端的地缘政治风险集成计算方法与预警服务平台建设;凝炼科学问题,提升对现实地缘政治问题的解释能力。     

西藏康金拉铬铁矿床刚玉中的包裹体研究

西藏康金拉铬铁矿石的矿物学研究中,发现大量的微粒金刚石和碳硅石等超高压异常地幔矿物,表明它们产在一个强还原的高压环境.本研究在铬铁矿石中还发现了刚玉及其中大量的矿物包裹体.电子探针等方法研究表明,包裹体的种类包括简单氧化物,如金红石;自然钛;Ti-N、Ti-Si、Ti-C、Ti-Si-P、Ti-B等合金类;含稀土元素的硅酸盐矿物,以及一些未知矿物.结合对铬铁矿石中其他矿物的研究成果,认为康金拉铬铁矿石中的刚玉及其中的强还原环境形成的矿物组合形成于深部地幔.因此,康金拉铬铁矿石中的刚玉可以认为是一种新的带有高压环境信息的标志性矿物.     

丽江—攀枝花—者海地带二维地壳结构及其构造意义

本文利用攀西地区通过攀枝花的东西向剖面爆炸地震资料,进行了震相的重新识别和二维射线追踪与理论图计算.结果表明,沿剖面地表附近有4个低速区和若干高速带,它们与地质和构造有很好的对应关系.渡口附近的高速岩体一直延伸到了上地壳的底部,形成一个统一的地垒状构造,该高速体与攀枝花成矿岩体相关,并推断华坪及其以西地带也是找矿的有利地区.中地壳下部有一厚度约9km的低速层,它可能是壳内的韧性剪切带.低速层顶部深度为27.0—29.5km,与研究地区的居里面深度及天然地震震源深度的分布基本符合.剖面东段中地壳顶部还有一层很薄的低速层,反映了构造带两侧运动的不对称性.地壳厚度为53—56km,构造带中部的Moho界面没有明显的上隆.     

水质大涡模拟数学模型研究

建立了基于弱可压缩流基础上的水质大涡模拟数学模型及污染物质扩散系数与平均运动的关系。数值计算采用有限体积法和预测校正法,固壁边界条件采用"部分滑移条件"。并应用该模型对重庆嘉陵江、长江两江交汇段的流场,污染物质浓度分布进行了计算,计算结果与实测值比较吻合。研究表明,横向扩散与流动状态有关,当支流流量相对较小时,横向扩散较弱,形成岸边污染带,当支流流量相对较大时,横向扩散较强,污染带向江心移动。     

POS数据的上下视差误差源检测及误差补偿回归模型

分析POS数据存在系统误差的主要原因,推导基于POS的立体像对相对定向模型,建立POS系统误差回归补偿模型。三个不同比例尺测区试验数据的结果表明：POS系统提供的外方位元素中角元素误差是引起模型上下视差的主要误差源;利用回归补偿模型对POS数据进行改正后模型上下视差明显减小;在无需区域网平差的情况下,直接通过相对定向消除POS系统误差,定位精度有较大提高,从而证明该补偿模型的正确性与可行性。     

西湖凹陷西次凹古近系花港组—平湖组深层油气成藏过程

西湖凹陷西次凹古近系花港组和平湖组深层油气资源丰富，是东海陆架盆地勘探开发新领域，受储层差异致密化影响，油气成藏机理复杂。为了厘清西次凹深层油气成藏过程，本文通过流体包裹体岩相学特征、显微测温、激光拉曼光谱、包裹体所含油气地球化学等实验分析，结合构造演化、地层埋藏史、热史等，开展了系统的储层特征、油气成藏期次、成藏过程研究。结果表明，花港组深层（>4000 m）和平湖组储层均已致密化，溶蚀孔隙是主要的储集孔隙类型；花港组和平湖组均发育两期油气包裹体，早期含油包裹体较多，晚期以天然气包裹体为主，成藏时间分别为龙井运动期和冲绳运动期，以晚期天然气成藏最为关键。包裹体中油气地球化学特征类似，反映生烃母质以高等植物生源为主，低等生物为辅，与平湖组煤系烃源岩特征一致。冲绳运动叠加平湖组生气增压是晚期天然气成藏的主要动力，此时H10段及以上储层未致密化。根据储层致密化与成藏时序匹配关系可将西次凹M构造深层油气藏类型划分为常规型、先成藏后致密型、先致密后成藏型和边成藏边致密型4种。本文成果可为研究区下一步致密砂岩气的勘探开发部署提供重要的理论依据。