Invasive Spartina alterniflora-induced factors affecting epibenthos distribution in coastal salt marsh, China

Artificially introduced cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora, rapidly colonized the intertidal flats of the Jiangsu coast, eastern China. The epibenthos on an intertidal flat invaded by S. alterniflora were studied, to identify how local epibenthos species react to an altered environment. Epibenthic samples and surficial sediment samples were collected along a shore-normal profile in 50 quadrats at ten stations across the Spartina salt marsh; and five control quadrats for a station located on the barren sandy-mud flat. The grain size parameters of the surficial sediments show that S. alterniflora altered the grain size gradient along the profile of the intertidal zone by trapping fine-grained sediments. Spartina alterniflora could inhabit lower elevations than indigenous salt marsh vegetation, thus creating larger areas of finer surficial sediments, which was suitable for not only native epibenthic species but also species which do not exist on the barren sandy-mud flat. Correlation analyses show that the epibenthos were sensitive to sediment grain size and type, on the invaded S. alterniflora salt marsh. Further, there was an interspecific relationship affecting the distribution of epibenthos. The results show that epibenthos preferred ecological niches, within the Spartina salt marsh, even in the same sampling station.     

荣成湾营养盐的时空分布特征及其影响因素分析

根据2009年2月、5月、8月、11月4个航次的调查数据,分析了荣成湾水体的溶解无机氮(DIN)、磷酸盐(PO4-P)、硅酸盐(Sio3-Si)的时空分布特征及其影响因素,并对荣成湾营养盐的潜在限制进行了讨论.结果表明,荣成湾营养盐含量及分布与养殖海带的生长周期有着紧密的联系:海带生长初期(11月)营养盐含量较高,营养盐的平面分布呈近岸高外海低的变化趋势,NO3-N为DIN的主要成分;海带生长后期(5月份)水体营养盐含量较低,DIN分布趋势与11月份基本一致,PO4-P表现为湾中部较高,近岸和湾外较低,NO3-N和NHL-N是DIN的主要成分;海带收获后期(8月份)营养盐含量极低,DIN呈近岸浓度低外海浓度高的变化趋势,PO4-P和SiO3-Si则呈近岸高外海低的变化趋势,DIN主要以NH4-N为主.荣成湾水体浮游植物生长在春、秋和冬季基本不受营养盐的限制,夏季主要受到P的限制,基本不受N、Si的限制.     

平台基海洋环境立体监测系统的研制及应用

介绍了一种基于海洋石油平台的海洋动力环境立体监测系统的系统组成和工作原理。该平台基监测系统由气象监测系统、浮标监测系统、有缆潜标监测系统、测波雷达、通信和岸站系统五部分组成,开展风、浪、流、内波等环境参数的长期、定点监测,并通过平台网络系统实时传输测量数据。经过海上长期试验表明该系统能够稳定可靠地在平台上运行,可为中国油气资源开发走向深海提供可靠的技术支撑和安全保障。     

Probabilistic Approach of Coastal Defense Against Typhoon Attacks for Nuclear Power Plant

With the global wanning and sea level rising, it is widely recognized that there is an increasing tendency of typhoon occurrence frequency and intensity. The defenses code against typhoon attacks for nuclear power plant should be calibrated because of the increasing threat of typhoon disaster and severe consequences. This paper discusses the probabilistic approach of definitions about "probable maximum typhoon" and "probable maximum storm surge" in nuclear safety regulations of China and has made some design code calibrations by use of a newly proposed Double Layer Nested Multi-objective Probability Model (DLNMPM).     

栉孔扇贝精子形成过程的超微结构研究

通过电镜观察,描述了栉孔扇贝精子形成过程的超微结构变化。栉孔扇贝的精子过程可分成为早期,中期和后期３个阶段。（１）早期：细胞核呈团块状,近端中心粒移向精子细胞的后端并嵌在核的凹窝处,在被观察的视野内,可见到大量与精子细胞分离的成熟鞭毛。（２）中期：核由团块状向流线型转变。顶体泡向帽状顶体转变,顶体下间隙开始出现。近端中心粒分化出中心粒卫星体。（３）后期：精子细胞核变成上窄下宽的长柱状,形成帽状顶体     

不同台风合成风场方案在南海的适用性研究

我国南海地区常受台风侵扰,台风场是研究台风浪灾害以及风暴增水灾害的必要条件之一。因遥感风场存在台风大风圈附近风速明显偏小的问题,所以在台风场相关研究中,多采用台风模型风场和背景风场相结合的方式——即合成风场。本文选取南海相关研究中常用的3种台风场模型,对比其特点,并采用NECP CFSR作为背景风场,将合成风场和实际观测风速进行对比,结果显示在南海地区采用Jelesnianski模型得出的风场和实际风场吻合度最好,建议在该风场基础上考虑南海的地理特殊性,进行台风场模型的改进。     

南海东北部内潮的模态结构和传播

The evolution of energy, energy flux and modal structure of the internal tides(ITs) in the northeastern South China Sea is examined using the measurements at two moorings along a cross-slope section from the deep continental slope to the shallow continental shelf. The energy of both diurnal and semidiurnal ITs clearly shows a～14-day spring-neap cycle, but their phases lag that of barotropic tides, indicating that ITs are not generated on the continental slope. Observations of internal tidal energy flux suggest that they may be generated at the Luzon Strait and propagate west-northwest to the continental slope in the northwestern SCS. Because the continental slope is critical-supercritical with respect to diurnal ITs, about 4.6 kJ/m~2 of the incident energy and 8.7 kW/m of energy flux of diurnal ITs are reduced from the continental slope to the continental shelf. In contrast, the semidiurnal internal tides enter the shelf because of the sub-critical topography with respect to semidiurnal ITs.From the continental slope to the shelf, the vertical structure of diurnal ITs shows significant variation, with dominant Mode 1 on the deep slope and dominant higher modes on the shelf. On the contrary, the vertical structure of the semidiurnal ITs is stable, with dominant Mode 1.     

粤西海域水质评价方法的研究及应用

针对海洋水质评价问题,建立了一套先利用主成分分析法明确各水质指标权重关系,继而参考权重关系依照海水水质分类标准建立分类样本,最终通过判别分析方法建立判别函数实现水体自动分类的方案。该方案在粤西海域,水体分类回判符合率达到91.4%。依据自动分类结果绘制了粤西海域2008—2010年水体分布专题图,为粤西海域环境污染防治提供了决策依据。     

对虾传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒衣壳蛋白基因的克隆表达及抗体制备

本文根据GenBank登录的对虾传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病毒(IHHNV)的全基因组序列(NC-002190),设计出主要结构蛋白基因的相应引物,从厦门发病的对虾中,提取DNA,以此为模板,利用PCR扩增目的基因.再将目的基因分别与pGEX-6p1载体和pET-28a载体连接,构建重组表达载体pGEX-Ⅳ、pET-Ⅳ,重组子经酶切和测序鉴定后导入表达型大肠杆菌BL21,IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE检测,大小约为62KDa和41KDa,与预测大小一致.将pET-Ⅳ表达重组蛋白经纯化,免疫小鼠,Western免疫印迹反应结果表明其抗体均可与pGEX-Ⅳ和pET-Ⅳ表达的蛋白发生特异性反应.本研究的结果为对虾IHHNV的快速检测及其免疫提供了研究基础.