广西田阳-那坡县堆积铝土矿分布规律初探

文章试图通过古地理环境、地质构造条件、沉积铝土矿及矿区地貌等因素去初步探讨田阳县-那坡县一带堆积铝土矿优质矿石及含矿率分布的规律性.认为沉积铝土矿及地貌因素是控制该地区堆积铝土矿优质矿石及含矿率分布的主要因素.     

Heat-shock protein 70 expression in shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis during thermal and immune-challenged stress

Using western immunoblotting, we obtained heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) induction data and distribution in different tissues from shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis during thermal and immune-challenged stresses. This is probably the first report of the effects of various stressors on the expression of HSP70 in shrimp.HSP70 was prominently induced in hepatopancreas and gills, but not in muscle, eyestalk and hemolymph, when the shrimp were exposed to heat shock and Vibrio anguillavium-challenged stresses. Cold shock and WSSV treatment had no significant effects on the levels of HSP70 expression in all tissues examined. HSP70 induction was greatest after 2 h exposure to heat shock stress, which was elevated after acute heat shock exposure of 10℃ above ambient temperature.     

Zircon U–Pb age, trace element and Hf isotope composition of Kongling terrane in the Yangtze Craton: refining the timing of Palaeoproterozoic high-grade metamorphism

U–Pb age, trace element and Hf isotope compositions of zircon were analysed for a metasedimentary rock and two amphibolites from the Kongling terrane in the northern part of the Yangtze Craton. The zircon shows distinct morphological and chemical characteristics. Most zircon in an amphibolite shows oscillatory zoning, high Th/U and ¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios, high formation temperature, high trace element contents, clear negative Eu anomaly, as well as HREE-enriched patterns, suggesting that it is igneous. The zircon yields a weighted mean ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age of 2857 ± 8 Ma, representing the age of the magmatic protolith. The zircon in the other two samples is metamorphic. It has low Th/U ratios, low trace element concentrations, variable HREE contents (33.8 ≥ Lu_N≥2213; 14.7 ≤ Lu_N/Sm_N ≤ 354) and ¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios (0.000030–0.001168). The data indicate that the zircon formed in the presence of garnet and under upper amphibolite facies conditions. The metamorphic zircon yields a weighted mean ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age of 2010 ± 13 Ma. These results combined with previously obtained Palaeoproterozoic metamorphic ages suggest a c. 2.0 Ga Palaeoproterozoic collisional event in the Yangtze Craton, which may result from the assembly of the supercontinent Columbia. The zircon in two samples yields weighted mean two-stage Hf model ( T _DM2) ages of 3217 ± 110 and 2943 ± 50 Ma, respectively, indicating that their protoliths were mainly derived from Archean crust.     

Chromosome Behavior of Heat Shock Induced Triploid in Fenneropenaeus Chinensis

INTRODUCTIONTriploidanimalsareusefulbecausetheyaresterile ,characterizedbypositivegrowthinthere productiveseason ,usefulfortesting ,forintroductionofnon nativespecies ,andforprotectionofde velopedstrains.Theinductionoftriploidyhadbeenreportedinmanyaquaculturespecies .Triploidshavebeensuccessfullyinducedinshrimpusingtemperatureshockorchemicalshock (CB ,6 DMAP)in 4species :Sicyoniaingentis (Xiangetal.,1 991 ) ,Fenneropenaeuschinensis (Xiangetal.,1 992 ;Daietal.,1 993;Baoetal.,1 993;Li…     

北方泥炭沼泽中酚类物质释放的热敏感性研究:以英国威尔士地区雨养和矿养泥炭沼泽为例

利用高精度多梯度热培养系统,对英国威尔士地区两类典型的北方泥炭沼泽中酚类物质和溶解有机碳释放的热敏感性进行了为期1年的调查研究.研究结果表明,雨养泥炭沼泽(Bog)酚类物质释放的热敏感性Q10(总酚)月变化为0.92～1.57,而矿养泥炭沼泽(Fen)的月变化范围为0.93～1.30.酚类释放的热敏感性与土壤温度大致呈正相关关系.此外,土壤温度与溶解有机碳释放的热敏感性Q10(DOC)也呈正相关关系.总体上,雨养泥炭沼泽的热敏感性比矿养泥炭沼泽略高.除温度外,水文条件和植被等多种环境因子对酚类物质和溶解有机碳释放的热敏感性也有较大影响.研究结果还表明酚碳热敏感性比值Q10o(总酚)/Q10(DOC)相对稳定,土壤温度的变化对其影响有限.     

中国大别山东南缘首次发现大坝陨坑构造

简介首次在大别山东南缘安徽省境内发现的大坝陨坑构造。经初步评价,知陨坑呈椭圆形,长轴呈北北东向,长约19km,短轴长约12km,最大坑深约2km,是一个有中央隆起区的复杂型陨坑。在卫片上陨坑显示环形影像,地貌形态为一洼地。陨坑基座保存尚好,可对它直观和追索陨坑构造边界。形成于230Ma左右的各类撞击变质岩石系列齐全,其中含有柯石英等典型的撞击变质矿物及撞击碎理等超微构造,特别是在陨坑基座内壁普遍发现有鉴别陨坑构造最可靠的标志——干裂自角砾岩,都证明大坝环形影像是一个典型的陨星撞击坑构造。它的发现,具有很大的科学及经济意义,对今后褶皱山区寻找和研究陨坑构造具有示范和指导作用,同时大大丰富了建设大别山世界地质公园的地质依据。无庸置疑此发现将促进大别山旅游业的发展及陨星撞击科普知识的传播。     

鉴江河口底泥盐度释放规律研究

底泥盐度释放是河口水资源利用的主要限制因子。本文以鉴江为例,基于野外实测与室内实验,系统分析了鉴江河口底泥盐度及水体氯离子的分布特征;通过振荡、换水及静态等实验。定量研究了河口底泥盐度释放规律。结果表明：（1）潮泛河口底泥盐度主要受上溯潮水的影响。有较为明显的梯度性;（2）底泥盐度释放量在初期较大,随着换水周期的累加,则逐步降低;在同一换水周期。底泥盐度释放强度与其本底盐度浓度成正指数关系;（3）静态释放时间越长,上覆水盐度越大。静置30d。三组样品上覆水的浓度分别达2626mg·L-1、932mg·L-1、533mg·L-1。远远超过用水水质的要求。     

大沽河下游咸水入侵区含水砂层水敏感性评价

通过室内砂柱的水平渗流试验,对大沽河下游成水入侵区含水砂层的水敏感性进行了评价。对海水入侵治理的注淡压成和抽成方案过程中含水层的渗透性变化进行了研究．提出了控制和减小方案实施过程中含水砂层渗透性降低的方法和措施。研究结果表明：该含水层具有显著的水敏感性特征,注淡压成过程导致其渗透性下降幅度超过了两个数量级;注淡和抽成的流速分别超过21ml／min和42ml／min时,亦能引起含水砂层水敏感性的发生,称为临界流速;淡水驱替咸水过程中存在一个临界离子强度-7638us／cm,驱替水的离子强度不宜小于该值以避免水敏性的发生。     

不同年度收存的褶皱臂尾轮虫休眠卵的孵化及滞育胚胎“激活”效果的研究

比较了 1 985— 1 998年间由同一褶皱臂尾轮虫 (Brachionusplicatilis)种群在实验室内历年产生并收存的休眠卵的孵化效果 ,并初步探讨了胚胎“激活”处理对孵化的影响。结果表明 ,休眠卵的收存年度或时间对其在一定孵育期内的总孵化率 (THR)和日孵化率 (DHR)有极显著影响 (x2 检验 ,p<0 .0 0 1 ) ,但THR和DHR与储存时间间均无显著的相关性 ,而是呈极大波动。同时发现“激活”作用具有促使孵化高峰提前到来、增强孵化同步性的双重功效 ,从而可明显缩短孵育时间 ,提高孵化速率。但“激活”前后多数卵样的总孵化率无显著变化 (p >0 .0 5 )。详细讨论了可能导致孵化率波动的多种因素 ,例如遗传变异、培养历史、储存及孵化的环境条件等。     

高压技术在深海沉积物兼性嗜压菌的筛选和鉴定中的应用

通过自行改进的高压培养罐及高压设备,对深海沉积物进行可培养微生物的筛选,获得6株具有较强耐受压力的细菌.16SrDNA的测序结果表明这些细菌分别属于6个不同的菌属.压力生长试验的结果表明这6株细菌在40MPa的条件下仍然具有较强的生长能力,属于兼性嗜压菌.对不同压力下生长的细菌做显微镜检,结果显示,除了一株芽孢杆菌在40MPa下的菌体形态发生了明显的变化外,其它5株细菌在压力条件下的菌体的分裂均没有受到明显的影响.