NUMERICAL PREDICTION OF AN EXTREME RAINSTORM OVER THE PEARL RIVER DELTA REGION ON 7 MAY 2017 BASED ON WRF-ENKF

An ensemble Kalman filter based on the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF-EnKF) is used to explore the effectiveness of the assimilation of surface observation data in an extreme local rainstorm over the Pearl River Delta region on 7 May 2017. Before the occurrence of rainstorm, the signals of weather forecasts in this case are too weak to be predicted by numerical weather model, but the surface temperature over the urban area are high. The results of this study show that the wind field, temperature, and water vapor are obviously adjusted by assimilating surface data of 10-m wind, 2-m temperature, and 2-m water vapor mixing ratio at 2300 BST 6 May, especially below the height of 2 km. The southerly wind over the Pearl River Delta region is enhanced, and the convergence of wind over the northern Guangzhou city is also enhanced. Additionally, temperature, water vapor mixing ratio and pseudoequivalent potential temperature are obviously increased over the urban region, providing favorable conditions for the occurrence of heavy precipitation. After assimilation, the predictions of 12-h rainfall amount, temperature, and relative humidity are significantly improved, and the rainfall intensity and distribution in this case can be successfully reproduced. Moreover, sensitivity tests suggest that the assimilation of 2-m temperature is the key to predict this extreme rainfall and just assimilating data of surface wind or water vapor is not workable, implying that urban heat island effect may be an important factor in this extreme rainstorm.     

含部分晶须的钛酸锂的制备及其性能表征

L i4T i5O12是一种循环性能好、有很好的充放电平台、理论比容量较大、不与电解液反应的新型负极材料,研究探索以偏钛酸和碳酸锂为主要原料制备含部分晶须的尖晶石型晶型L i4T i5O12的一种方法。通过此工艺在1 000℃煅烧8 h后在样品中约20%的晶须出现,晶须的直径≤0.5μm,晶须的长度约为7μm。     

河北阜平地区太古宙变质深成岩与金矿的关系初探

区内变质深成岩由阜平岩群变质表壳岩经深部重熔作用形成,典型特征是低钾富钠,具有TTG岩石特点.经对变质深成岩成矿元素的研究表明:①Au元素丰度值很高(平均2.10×10-6),远远高于世界中性-中酸性侵入岩及地壳中Au元素的丰度值;②Au元素浓集克拉克值(488.37)远远大于1,呈非常强的富集状态;③Au元素在变质深成岩中的变异系数(0.65)几乎是区内变质表壳岩中Au元素的2倍,有利于Au元素的聚集成矿.故变质深成岩应是成矿物质的主要提供者.     

某高速公路古滑坡稳定性评价及治理研究

某高速公路路线通过古滑坡前缘,工程建设需要对滑坡前缘进行开挖可能导致滑坡复活.在现场调查分析的基础上,采用极限平衡理论和变形理论对滑坡在各工况条件下的稳定性状况、应力环境和变形特征进行研究,认为滑坡在前缘开挖和运行期暴雨状态下可能产生复活.在此基础上提出了双排抗滑桩的治理设计方案,并基于变形理论的稳定性评价方法对该方案的治理效果进行了研究,结果表明该方案能有效地改善坡体应力条件并控制坡体整体变形.     

准饱和黄土中暗穴水动力扩展响应的研究

为分析强降水过程中暗穴扩展机理,在野外调查资料的基础上,建立了准饱和黄土暗穴的扩展计算模型,概化为弹性准饱和土层中无限长圆柱形孔洞表面受水压力的动力响应问题。通过引入势函数,得到了Lap lace变换域中的应力、位移及孔隙水压力的解析表达式,并利用数值逆变换方法求得时域解,分析了降雨历时及饱和度等因子对暗穴动力响应的影响。结果表明,水动力是引起黄土暗穴扩展的主要因素,水压力作用历时对位移及应力有较大的影响,同时饱和度的细微变化对径向位移有显著影响。     

克里雅河尾闾圆沙三角洲古河道剖面所记录全新世古绿洲环境变化

塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地克里雅河沿岸的古绿洲与人类活动遗迹丰富,伴随着河流的变迁,遗址印记了古代文明的消失,河道成为孕育绿洲的证据.在浩瀚的沙漠中,古代文明与古绿洲属于依附关系.以圆沙古城为代表的圆沙古三角洲绿洲是孕育沙漠文明的典型.采自圆沙古城北侧深度约11 m的沉积剖面(KYN22),光释光测年和沉积学分析结果所示,剖面...     

基于D-InSAR技术的矿区地质灾害研究

近年来,随着经济的飞速发展,人类的生产活动加剧了部分地质灾害的产生,尤其是矿产行业,如何对矿区的地表沉陷进行有效监测成为众多学者的研究方向之一.随着雷达卫星的陆续布置,差分雷达干涉测量方法(D-InSAR)的高精度、全天候、成本低的特点使得它成为矿区沉降监测的重要手段之一.通过利用D-InSAR技术对试验区域的雷达影像...     

东海丽水-椒江凹陷构造样式与含油气远景

丽水-椒江凹陷位于东海陆架盆地台北坳陷西部,其沉降过程经历了裂陷期、坳陷期、抬升期及区域沉降期4个阶段。盆地构造样式复杂,具有半地堑-地堑式结构并存、频繁变化等特征,断裂构造发育,主要有铲式、坡坪式、多米诺式、"Y"型、阶梯状、地垒和地堑等断裂构造组合。构造活动有效控制油气圈闭的形成,灵峰构造带(潜山构造带)、丽水西次凹中央反转背斜构造带、丽水西次凹屋脊断块构造带、椒江凹陷中部断块半背斜构造带为该区未来勘探的有利区带。     

2006年夏季珠江口外海域船基海气通量观测资料质量评估

2006年夏季在珠江口外海域进行了143个站位的海气通量船基观测.设计了一个剔除船速的滤波器及资料处理程序,对观测资料进行了处理.通过对垂向观测风速的平均值、湍流功率谱、观测通量值的计算,得出该次观测方法是不可取的.设备安置在船舷外,气流绕过船体时形成上升气流并干扰了湍流场,测得的垂向平均风速不为零,一般存在0.2-1.0m·s-1的垂向平均风速,无量纲湍流功率谱在惯性次区不符合f-2/3次律,通过涡动相关法计算的动量通量远大于块体动力学公式的计算结果.今后的船基通量观测需要选取好设备安装位置及安装高度.     

Landscape Dynamics and Driving Factors in Da＇an County of Jilin Province in Northeast China During 1956-2000

The landscape pattern of Da＇an County, Northeast China has undergone significant changes since the 1950s as a result of climatic change and human activities. The aim of this paper is to quantitatively study landscape pattern and its spatial dynamics of Da＇an County at the landscape level over the nearly 50-year span. Patch dynamics were examined according to land use and land cover change processes built from a series of images, as well as topographic maps, and temporal patterns built from landscape pattern metrics. The transition matrix of landscape patch types and changes of various landscape metrics were applied. The results showed that, from 1956 to 2000, the landscape within the study area had undertaken a complicated evolution in landscape structure and composition. The outstanding characteristic is that saline-alkali land increased and grassland decreased. As some smaller patches amalgamated, the heterogeneity of patch decreased. All those changes were the synthetic result of both climatic and anthropogenic influences, but the predominant factor was different in different parts. In the southern part of the study area, the landscape pattern changes resulted from the modification of climate obviously, while in the northern part, the landscape pattern changes were mainly caused by human activities, such as the conversion between farmland and saline-alkali land. This phenomenon showed that human activities played more important role in the north than in the south of Da＇an County.