Mixing of Enriched Lithospheric Mantle-Derived and Crustal Magmas: Evidence from the Habo Cenozoic Porphyry in Western Yunnan

New zircon U–Pb ages, whole-rock geochemistry and zircon Hf isotopes from the Habo porphyry Western Yunnan, China, were determined to provide constraints on the timing of uplift of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau. The intrusive rocks consist of shoshonitic porphyry (syenite porphyry and monzonite porphyry). Zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb dating indicates coeval emplacement ages of ~35 Ma. The porphyries have alkaline affinities, enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and light rare earth elements (LREEs) (e.g., Rb, Th, U, Pb), with depletion of high field strength elements (HFSEs) (e.g., Nb, Ti, Ta) and weak Eu anomalies. They display uniform Lu–Hf isotopic compositions with negative zircon εHf(t) values ranging from -3.9 to -0.6. The chemical characteristics of the syenite porphyries indicated that they most likely originated from the lower crust, with mantle-derived material involved in their generation. Geochemically, the monzonite porphyries are similar to the syenite porphyries; however, the lower MgO contents suggest that they were produced by different degrees of partial melting of the same lower crust source. Combined with the geochemical and isotopic data in this paper, imply that the alkali-rich porphyries of the Habo polymetallic deposit were derived from the partial melting of lower crust, enriched by mantle magma, formed in a conversion stage from stress extrusion (a strike-slip shear process) to local stress relaxation (a strike-slip pull-apart process) at the Ailaoshao tectonic zone.     

新疆乌苏市巴音沟煤层气勘探井护壁堵漏技术

在煤层气勘探井固体岩心钻探施工过程中,遇岩层构造发育、地下水系发达的施工条件,钻进中往往发生钻井多层漏失、护壁困难的情况。因煤层气勘探井对录井工作的特殊要求,护壁堵漏工作的成功与否成为钻探施工的关键。在进行钻井护壁堵漏处理时,因技术方法不得当或未采取正确的计算经常导致护壁堵漏失败,甚至引发重大的钻探事故。通过对工区施工的经验总结,提出了切实可行的护壁堵漏技术措施,为类似地层钻井勘探施工提供借鉴。     

辽西金羊盆地北票组烃源岩生物标志化合物特征及意义

采用气相色谱、气相色谱-质谱技术,研究了辽西金羊盆地北票组烃源岩的生物标志化合物特征,剖析其蕴含的有机质生源、沉积环境、有机质热演化程度等信息.金羊盆地北票组烃源岩样品的正构烷烃的正构烷烃分布图（m/z 85）峰型以"前峰型"的单峰态分布为主,表现出成熟源岩的分布特征;甾烷C₂₉-αββ/（ααα+αββ）值介于0.35~0.58之间,平均为0.50,表明金羊盆地北票组绝大多数烃源岩处于成熟阶段,部分已达生油高峰或高成熟阶段.Pr/Ph值主要介于1.0~3.0之间,表现出弱的姥鲛烷优势;Pr/nC₁₇-Ph/nC₁₈交汇图判识北票组烃源岩以Ⅲ型为主,三环萜烷呈C₂₀为主峰的正态分布,整体表现C₂₄四环二萜含量很高,C₂₄四环二萜/C₂₆三环萜烷比值基本都大于1,SZK01、SZK03井烃源岩的三环萜烷/藿烷比值都低于0.4,烃源岩伽马蜡烷指数分布在0.02~0.30之间,平均值为0.12,说明金羊盆地北票组烃源岩形成于偏氧化性的微咸水-淡水的浅水沉积环境,为典型高等植物输入的沉积相带.     

大兴安岭十八站—韩家园地区晚中生代火山岩年龄、地球化学特征及其构造意义

大兴安岭十八站—韩家园地区发育晚中生代基性-中酸性火山岩。选取粗面安山岩、粗面岩、流纹岩进行年代学和岩石地球化学研究。粗面安山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为125.2±0.9 Ma,为早白垩世火山作用的产物。岩石地球化学特征表明,中酸性火山岩属于高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列。岩石稀土元素总量∑REE=121.42×10~(-6)~154.43×10~(-6),轻、重稀土元素分异明显(La/Yb)_N=19.25~31.98,在稀土元素配分图上显示右倾型,除一个流纹岩样品具显著负Eu异常外,多数样品无明显Eu负异常(δEu=0.45~0.90)。岩石具弱富集大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr,明显亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti的特征。结合区域资料,认为十八站—韩家园地区早白垩世中酸性火山岩形成于蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合机制下后碰撞伸展背景。粗面安山岩、粗面岩和流纹岩系同源岩浆部分熔融与结晶分异作用的结果,岩浆来源于受俯冲流体交代的富集岩石圈地幔。     

滇西勐库地区退变质榴辉岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

滇西双江县勐库地区退变质榴辉岩呈构造透镜体产于湾河蛇绿混杂岩带内,该发现弥补了东特提斯造山带高压-超高压变质岩在云南境内的空缺。在岩石学观察的基础上,借助激光剥蚀等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)技术,对退变质榴辉岩中的锆石开展了精确的U-Pb年龄测定。所测试的3件样品分别采自3个不同的露头:样品PM011-9-1采自勐库控角剖面,样品PM038-15-4采自勐库地界剖面,样品GH1612-1-1采自勐库根恨大寨。测年结果显示,样品PM011-9-1的23个测点中存在2组较集中的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄,分别为801.0±9.8Ma和227.0±12Ma;样品PM038-15-4的26个测点中存在2组较集中的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄,分别为447.5±3.6Ma和291.7±6.3Ma;样品GH1612-1-1的30个测点中存在一组较集中的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄,为229.0±1.3Ma。结合区域资料及锆石阴极发光图像分析,801.0±9.8Ma应属退变质榴辉岩的原岩年龄,可能代表了Rodinia超大陆裂解早期出现的初始洋壳;而447.5±3.6Ma、291.7±6.3Ma和229.0±1.3～227.0±12Ma这3组年龄可能代表了退变质榴辉岩经历的3期变质作用年龄:分别为峰期硬柱石榴辉岩相的变质作用;中期角闪石榴辉岩相-高压麻粒岩相的退变质作用,为一个降压-增温的"热折返"过程;主期角闪岩相的退变质作用,是一个大幅度的降温-减压过程,奠定了勐库地区退变质榴辉岩的主体面貌。     

Accessing effects and signals of leakage from a CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> reservoir to a shallow freshwater aquifer by reactive transport modelling

CO₂ geological storage is a transitional technology for the mitigation of climate change. In the vicinity of potential CO₂ reservoirs in Hungary, protected freshwater aquifers used for drinking water supplies exist. Effects of disaster events of CO₂ escape and brine displacement to one of these aquifers have been studied by kinetic 1D reactive transport modelling in PHREEQC. Besides verifying that ion concentrations in the freshwater may increase up to drinking water limit values in both scenarios (CO₂ or brine leakage), total porosity of the rock is estimated. Pore volume is expected to increase at the entry point of CO₂ and to decrease at further distances, whereas it shows minor increase along the flow path for the effect of brine inflow. Additionally, electrical conductivity of water is estimated and suggested to be the best parameter to measure for cost-effective monitoring of both worst-case leakage scenarios.     

Apatite-hosted melt inclusions from the Panzhihua gabbroic-layered intrusion associated with a giant Fe–Ti oxide deposit in SW China: insights for magma unmixing within a crystal mush

The ～?2-km-thick Panzhihua gabbroic-layered intrusion in SW China is unusual because it hosts a giant Fe–Ti oxide deposit in its lower zone. The deposit consists of laterally extensive net-textured and massive Fe–Ti oxide ore layers, the thickest of which is ～?60 m. To examine the magmatic processes that resulted in the Fe enrichment of parental high-Ti basaltic magma and the formation of thick, Fe–Ti oxide ore layers, we carried out a detailed study of melt inclusions in apatite from a ～?500-m-thick profile of apatite-bearing leucogabbro in the middle zone of the intrusion. The apatite-hosted melt inclusions are light to dark brown in color and appear as polygonal, rounded, oval and negative crystal shapes, which range from ～?5 to ～?50 µm in width and from ～?5 to ～?100 µm in length. They have highly variable compositions and show a large and continuous range of SiO₂ and FeO_t with contrasting end-members; one end-member being Fe-rich and Si-poor (40.2 wt% FeO_t and 17.7 wt% SiO₂) and the other being Si-rich and Fe-poor (74.0 wt% SiO₂ and 1.20 wt% FeO_t). This range in composition may be attributed to entrapment of the melt inclusions over a range of temperature and may reflect the presence of µm-scale and immiscible Fe-rich and Si-rich components in different proportions. Simulating results for the motion of Si-rich droplets within a crystal mush indicate that Si-rich droplets would be separated from Fe-rich melt and migrate upward due to density differences in the interstitial liquid when the magma unmixed. Migration of the Si-rich, immiscible liquid component from the interstitial liquid caused the remaining Fe-rich melt in the lower part to react with plagioclase primocrysts (An_59–60), as evidenced by fine-grained lamellar intergrowth of An-rich plagioclase (An_79–84)?+?clinopyroxene in the oxide gabbro of the lower zone. Therefore, magma unmixing within a crystal mush, combined with gravitationally driven loss of the Si-rich component, resulted in the formation of Fe-rich, melagabbro and major Fe–Ti oxide ores in the lower part and Si-rich, leucogabbro in the upper part of the intrusion.     

熔融制样-X射线荧光光谱法测定电气石中12种主次量元素

电气石是一类含硼的铝硅酸盐矿物,化学成分复杂、化学稳定性强,不易湿法分解,B_2O_3含量较高,导致其主次量元素的同时测定存在一定困难。本文采用熔融法制样,建立了X射线荧光光谱法测定电气石Na_2O、MgO、Al_2O_3、SiO_2、P_2O_5、K_2O、CaO、TiO_2、V_2O_5、Cr_2O_3、MnO、TFe_2O_3等主次量元素的分析方法。样品与四硼酸锂-偏硼酸锂-氟化锂(质量比为4.5∶1∶0.4)混合熔剂的稀释比例为1∶10,消除了粒度效应和矿物效应;在缺少电气石标准物质的情况下,选择土壤、水系沉积物及多种类型的地质标准物质绘制校准曲线,利用含量与电气石类似的标准物质验证准确度,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于4.2%。采用所建方法测定四种不同类型电气石实际样品,测定值与经典化学法基本吻合。本方法解决了电气石不易湿法分解和硼的干扰问题,测定结果准确可靠,与其他方法相比操作简便,分析周期短。     

广西梧州思委银矿区花岗岩的岩石成因：锆石U-Pb测年、岩石地球化学和Hf同位素约束

本文对广西梧州思委银矿区思委岩体中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩进行了系统的锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和Hf同位素分析研究,以深入探讨其岩石成因。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年获得了思委岩体黑云母二长花岗岩成岩年龄为165±1Ma。思委岩体黑云母二长花岗岩为一套弱过铝质高钾钙碱性系列花岗岩,富集U、K、Pb等元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等元素;球粒陨石标准化REE配分模式为右倾斜配分模式,轻重稀土元素分异强烈,富集轻稀土元素,重稀土元素平坦分布。锆石Hf同位素分析花岗岩锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值分布在-15.9~8.7之间,Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄(t2DM)在652~2255Ma之间,表明岩浆源区既有直接源于亏损地幔分异的新生地壳的迅速重熔,也有不同比例的古老地壳的混合作用。花岗岩成岩可能是受古太平洋板块持续俯冲作用影响,焊接板片开裂形成的岩浆上侵。