海洋调查仪器设备在海上试验中的质量控制

阐述了海洋调查仪器设备在海上试验过程中质量控制的程序和步骤,对参加海上试验的仪器设备的试验操作和检查流程作了规范化描述,对仪器设备海上试验中出现故障及技术偏离的处理流程进行了探讨,并对试验结束后试验监督的结论和应备齐的文件记录进行了说明.为我国海洋调查仪器开展规范化海上试验及质量控制提供了依据.     

视频数据库技术在大洋资源调查中的应用研究

在我国近年的大洋科学考察中,深海摄像作业作为重要的可视化调查手段之一,在大洋结核、结壳、热液硫化物以及天然气水合物调查中发挥了重要作用,每年航次均取得近百小时的视像资料数据,海量的视频数据包含了大量的地质信息,如何管理获得的大量视像数据以及如何检索、分析、利用这些数据资源,直接关系到航次获得的视像数据在大洋资源评价中的意义和价值.文中从视像数据的特点出发,结合多媒体技术的开发特点,阐述了我国大洋摄像视频数据库的建立、实施技术方案,以达到与同行的技术沟通,提高我国视频数据库技术在大洋调查中的应用效果.     

An Efficient Model for Transient Surface Waves in Both Finite and Infinite Water Depth

A numerical model is developed to simulate fully nonlinear extreme waves in finite and infinite water-depth wave tanks. A semi-mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian formulation is adopted and a higher-order boundary element method in conjunction with an image Green function is used for the fluid domain. The boundary values on the free surface are updated at each time step by a fourth-order Runga-Kutta time-marching scheme at each time step. Input wave characteristics are specified at the upstream boundary by an appropriate wave theory. At the downstream boundary, an artificial damping zone is used to prevent wave reflection back into the computational domain. Using the image Green function in the whole fluid domain, the integrations on the two lateral walls and bottom are excluded. The simulation results on extreme wave elevations in finite and infinite water-depths are compared with experimental results and second-order analytical solutions respectively. The wave kinematics is also discussed in the present study.     

Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution in northern Korean Peninsula

Since Late Proterozoic era, the Korean Peninsula has been evolved into a state with relatively stable regions and orogenic belts which were developed differently each other. The Late Paleozoie （Late Carboniferous-Early Triassic） sediments are well developed in the Korean Peninsula, and called the Pyongan System. The Pyongan System from Late Carboniferous to Lower Triassic is distributed in the Pyongnan and Hyesan-Riwon Basins, and Rangrim Massif, and divided into Hongjom （ C2 ）, Ripsok （ C2 ）, Sadong （ C2-P1 ）, Kobangsan and Rokam （Taezhawon） （P2-T1） sequences. The sediments of the Tumangang Orogenic Belt are called Tuman System which is composed of the Amgi Series, consisting of elastic formation with mafic effusive material, overlaid by the Kyeryongsan Series, consisting mainly of marie volcano sediments. The Songsang Series which rests on the Kyeryongsan Series mainly consists of elastic formation with minor felsic effusive material. In the Tumangang Orogenic Belt the tectonic movement, called Tumangang Tectonic Movement, occurred in the Lower Permian-Lower Triassic.     

基于公平性的水环境容量分配研究——以沱江流域为例

公平与效益是容量分配的两个重要原则.在我国目前采用的水环境容量无偿分配方式下,公平原则是需遵循的首要原则,在公平的基础上追求效益.以沱江流域为对象,综合考虑涉及区域的社会、经济、自然等客观因素,筛选指标确定系数对流域容量进行分配.应用经济学中衡量收入公平的基尼系数概念,对分配结果的公平性进行评估,给出综合体现社会性、经济性和历史性的水环境容量分配方案.     

甘肃省重要古植物化石产地区划及保护利用

古植物化石是地质历史时期各类植物实体或遗迹的残留.对古植物化石产地进行系统的调查和区划研究是开展古生物化石保护和利用工作的基础.在资料研究和实地调查的基础上,对甘肃省24处重要古植物化石产地进行了评价和区划研究.甘肃省古植物化石产地可划分为北山地区、祁连山——河西走廊地区、鄂尔多斯和秦岭地区4个古生物化石大区以及6个古...     

可可西里苟仁错湖泊沉积物元素地球化学特征及其环境意义

湖泊沉积物元素地球化学特征及其比值，有效地揭示了湖泊沉积物物源区的化学风化程度．已成为反映古气候波动的有效指标。根据可可西里苟仁错湖泊沉积物的元素地球化学特征，通过CIA，ICV等元素比值的结果，揭示该地区1400AD以来化学风化作用十分微弱，因此湖泊沉积物元素组成，对气候变化非常敏感。研究表明1400AD以来该地区气候经历多次冷暖波动，且呈干旱化的趋势，1420AD左右进入小冰期，其中1480～1520AD最为寒冷，1900AD后干旱化加剧。     

广西小平阳岩溶区地裂缝形成因素分析

８０年代以来，广西小平阳岩溶区出现了大量的地裂缝。通过调查研究．这些地裂缝的形成是受多种因素控制的．其中包括构造、土体性质、水的作用、地形地貌、气候及植被等因素。在上述因素中．构造是主导因素，上体性质是基础因素．其它则为诱发因素，也是因地质环境要素变化所引起的因素。主导因素是通过诱发因素起作用的．并最终通过土体性质因素导致产土地裂缝。     

Environmental anomalies in the northeastern East China Sea during the last 3 000 years:implications for El Nio activity in the Holocene

To reconstruct the productivity changes for the last 10 500 a in the northeastern East China Sea (ECS),biogenic compounds (such as carbonate,organic carbon and opal),marine micropaleontological fossils (planktonic foraminifera,benthic foraminifera,radiolarian and silicoflagellate) and the compositional characters of benthic foraminifera fauna analyses were carried out on a sediment core DOC082 obtained from the western slope of Okinawa Trough (29°13.93'N,128°08.53'E;1 128 m water depth).The long-term changes of biogenic and micropaleontological proxies display some similarities through the last 10 500 a,which show three different phases:lower values are recorded during the early and middle Holocene (before about 4 000 a BP),followed by an abrupt and remarkable increase at about 4 000 a BP,the late Holocene (after about 3 000 a BP) is characterized by continuously high values.The multi-proxy data of paleoproductivity and percents of benthic foraminifera genera (Uvigerina and Bulimina) show that during the early and middle Holocene (10 500-4 000 a BP) productivity was relatively low with a sudden and distinct increase at about 4 000 a BP,and the late Holocene (3 400-0 a BP) is marked by significantly higher productivity.Also,the radiolarian-based sea surface temperature (SST) records reveal a distinct decline in SST in the late Holocene after 3 200 a BP,very different from the early and middle Holocene.For the last 3 000 a,the enhanced biological productivity and distinctly lower SST indicate a major change of oceanographic conditions in the northeastern ECS.These marine environmental anomalies are consistent with other paleoclimatic records for the late Holocene in the Chinese continent and its surrounding regions.After analyzing the mechanisms of modern productivity and SST changes in the northeastern ECS,and based on the climatic anomalies in the Chinese continent and variations in the Kuroshio Current during modern El Nio periods,we suggest that the anomalous environmental conditions in the northeastern ECS may imply intensified El Nio activity during the late Holocene.     

丽江高美古台址和2m级望远镜项目(英文)

自 1992年起云南天文台开始了在云南省西北部的天文选址。丽江高美古最终被选择作为未来中国地基天文光学观测的新址点。并且 ,在国家科技部 ,云南省政府 ,以及中科院的支持下 ,2m级天文望远镜项目在 2 0 0 0年 12月获得立项。在文中 ,我们简要的介绍了高美古台址的情况 ,并给出了 2 .4m望远镜的详细情况 ,以及其他相关情况。