Gravitational Waves and Gravitational-wave Sourcestwo

The recent discovery of gravitational-wave burst GW150914 marks the coming of a new era of gravitational-wave astronomy, which provides a new window to study the physics of strong gravitational field, extremely massive stars, extremely high energy processes, and extremely early universe. In this article, we introduce the basic characters of gravitational waves in the Einstein's general relativity, their observational effects and main generation mechanisms, including the rotation of neutron stars, evolution of binary systems, and spontaneous generation in the inflation universe. Different sources produce the gravitational waves at quite different frequencies, which can be detected by different methods. In the lowest frequency range (f < 10^?15 Hz), the detection is mainly dependent of the observation of B-mode polarization of cosmic microwave background radiation. In the middle frequency range (10^?9 < f < 10^?6 Hz), the gravitational waves are detected by analyzing the timing residuals of millisecond pulsars. And in the high frequency range (10 ? 4 < f < 10⁴ Hz), they can be detected by the space-based and ground-based laser interferometers. In particular, we focus on the main features, detection methods, detection status, and the future prospects for several important sources, including the continuous sources (e.g., the spinning neutron stars, and stable binary systems), the burst sources (e.g., the supernovae, and the merge of binary system), and the stochastic backgrounds generated by the astrophysical and cosmological process. In addition, we forecast the potential breakthroughs in gravitational-wave astronomy in the near future, and the Chinese projects which might involve in these discoveries.     

Validation of Global Evapotranspiration Product (MOD16) Using Flux Tower Data from Panjin Coastal Wetland,Northeast China

Recent advances in remote sensing technology and methods have resulted in the development of an evapotranspiration(ET) product from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer(MOD16). The accuracy of this product however has not been tested for coastal wetland ecosystems. The objective of this study therefore is to validate the MOD16 ET product using data from one eddy covariance flux tower situated in the Panjin coastal wetland ecosystem within the Liaohe River Delta, Northeast China. Cumulative ET data over an eight-day period in 2005 from the flux tower was calculated to coincide with the MOD16 products across the same period. Results showed that data from the flux tower were inconsistent with that gained form the MOD16 ET. In general, results from Panjin showed that there was an underestimation of MOD16 ET in the spring and fall, with Biases of -2.27 and -3.53 mm/8 d, respectively(–40.58% and -49.13% of the observed mean). Results for Bias during the summer had a range of 1.77 mm/8 d(7.82% of the observed mean), indicating an overestimation of MOD16 ET. According to the RMSE, summer(6.14 mm/8 d) achieved the lowest value, indicating low accuracy of the MOD16 ET product. However, RMSE(2.09 mm/8 d) in spring was the same as that in the fall. Relationship between ET and its relevant meteorological parameters were analyzed. Results indicated a very good relationship between surface air temperature and ET. Meanwhile a significant relationship between wind speed and ET also existed. The inconsistent comparison of MOD16 and flux tower-based ET are mainly attributed to the parameterization of the Penman-Monteith model, flux tower measurement errors, and flux tower footprint vs. MODIS pixels.     

山东省东阿县单庄铁矿床地质特征及找矿前景

近年,山东东阿单庄地区铁矿找矿取得重大突破,探求铁矿石资源量约3.5亿t。山东东阿单庄铁矿为汶上-东平铁矿带的北延部分,矿区可分为柳林屯和前翟坊2个矿段,矿体赋存于泰山岩群山草峪组地层中,呈NW向带状展布,累计发现大小磁铁矿体27个,包括主要矿体7个,倾向SW,倾角53°~67°,矿体一般向深部有变陡、变富、变厚的趋势,矿体平均真厚度8.49 m,TFe平均品位28.38%,m Fe平均品位23.21%。通过对单庄地区铁矿地质特征、地球物理特征等综合研究,大致查明了单庄铁矿床矿体的形态、产状、规模、分布、厚度、矿石特征等。根据矿床成因类型,结合铁矿床的具体特点,认为该区铁矿找矿标志有地层、地球物理、矿体的赋存特征等3个主要标志,矿区的深部和外围成矿潜力巨大。     

准噶尔盆地南缘山前冲断带芦草沟组储层含气性及主控因素分析——以米参2井为例

在野外地质考察、重磁电勘探成果基础上,在准噶尔盆地南缘山前冲断带乌鲁木齐一带进行了页岩气参数井——米参2井施工.综合钻探、地质综合录井、测井和分析测试数据,进行该区芦草沟组泥页岩储层含气性评价,并对储层有机碳含量、孔隙度、矿物组分和页岩裂缝发育特征等方面进行研究.分析储层含气性主控因素,旨在对识别准噶尔盆地南缘山前复杂...     

西秦岭北带丹凤群发育特征及金找矿方向

位于西秦岭北带的丹凤群是一套浅—中等变质的绿片岩系,原岩为一套以基性—中酸性火山岩为主夹正常陆源碎屑岩、碳酸盐岩的岩石组合。该变质岩系分布区金的地球化学丰度高,断裂作用和岩浆活动十分强烈。丹凤群兼具基性—中酸性火山岩、印支—燕山期断裂构造及中酸性岩体“三位一体”成矿条件的地段是成金的有利部位     

皖南地区晚震旦世陡山沱期岩相古地理

皖南地区在晚震旦世早期早时发生海侵,沉积了含碳、含硅的陆源碎屑岩,为浅海盆地相沉积;早期晚时,沉积了碳酸盐岩和碳酸盐岩夹粘土岩沉积,为台坡和台盆相沉积,其沉积相变化和古地理分异与当时基底性质、同沉积构造和碳酸盐建隆作用密切相关。     

鲁北地震危险区地震灾害快速评估系统

以县为评估单元,将县城和农村区分开,采用确定性的地震灾害评估方法,建立了鲁北地震危险区地震灾害快速评估系统,破坏性地震发生后,能够快速盲肠评估出危险区内的房屋破坏,人员伤亡和经济损失情况,为抗震救灾提供决策依据。     

大庆台网记录地震震相滞后问题的研究

本文主要分析了大庆台网记录地震Ｐｇ震相滞后的现象,探讨大庆台网Ｐｇ震相的滞后程度及引起震相滞后的原因。     

青海省河南县5.1级地震与震后趋势讨论

对发生在 1 999年 9月 2 7日青海省河南县 5.1级地震的考察结果进行了报道 ,并对震后趋势进行了讨论     

医用X线CT及工业X线CT对中国尖齿兽筛板结构的观察及CT在古生物学研究中的应用价值

目的是观察杨氏中国尖齿兽有无筛板骨,探讨Ｘ线ＣＴ在古生物学研究中的应用价值。方法：选择扫描参数用传统ＣＴ、高档ＣＴ及工业ＣＴ分别对杨氏中国尖齿兽头骨化石标本进行扫描。结果：杨氏中国尖齿兽脑腔、鼻腔之间存在筛板骨,高档及工业ＣＳ能清晰显示筛板结构。结论：Ｘ线ＣＴ是无创性观察化石内部结构的方法,在古生物学研究方法中占据重要位置。