Maintenance of estuarine water quality by mangroves occurs during flood periods: A case study of a subtropical mangrove wetland

Seasonal changes in water quality were measured in samples taken at various distances from shallow water across mudflat to mangroves during flood period and from mangroves across mudflat to shallow water during ebb period in a subtropical mangrove estuary (Zhangjiang Estuary, Fujian, China). The TN (total dissolved nitrogen), TP (total dissolved phosphorus), COD (chemical oxygen demand), and DOC (dissolved organic carbon) contents during the flood period were significantly higher than those during the ebb period. In contrast, the opposite was true for the POC (particulate organic carbon) content and transparency. The mangroves at Zhangjiang Estuary may trap nutrients at rates of 90.5 g N/m²/yr, 2.2 g TP/m²/yr, and 13.7 g C/m²/yr in the form of DOC, and export POC at a rate of 81.8 g/m²/yr. Our results support the hypothesis that the maintenance of estuarine water quality by mangroves occurs during flood periods.     

A comparative simulation study of coupled THM processes and their effect on fractured rock permeability around nuclear waste repositories

This paper presents an international, multiple-code, simulation study of coupled thermal, hydrological, and mechanical (THM) processes and their effect on permeability and fluid flow in fractured rock around heated underground nuclear waste emplacement drifts. Simulations were conducted considering two types of repository settings (1) open emplacement drifts in relatively shallow unsaturated volcanic rock, and (2) backfilled emplacement drifts in deeper saturated crystalline rock. The results showed that for the two assumed repository settings, the dominant mechanism of changes in rock permeability was thermal–mechanically induced closure (reduced aperture) of vertical fractures, caused by thermal stress resulting from repository-wide heating of the rock mass. The magnitude of thermal–mechanically induced changes in permeability was more substantial in the case of an emplacement drift located in a relatively shallow, low-stress environment where the rock is more compliant, allowing more substantial fracture closure during thermal stressing. However, in both of the assumed repository settings in this study, the thermal–mechanically induced changes in permeability caused relatively small changes in the flow field, with most changes occurring in the vicinity of the emplacement drifts.     

中喀喇昆仑布拉尔杜冰川近期跃动分析

喀喇昆仑山分布有众多的跃动型冰川,跃动机理存在异质性。使用Landsat、Sentinel-1A、TSX/TDX等多源遥感数据,获取了中喀喇昆仑布拉尔杜冰川在跃动期间冰川表面高程和表面流速变化。结果表明：布拉尔杜冰川从2006年开始,流速逐渐增加;到2013年之后进入快速运动期,最高流速可达4.9 m·d^-1;2015年8月底,冰川表面速度急剧下降,随后保持较低的流速至2016年1月,而后流速再次增加,到同年2月初便进入平静期。2000—2014年冰川主干中上游有明显隆起,而冰川接收区明显减薄,最大减薄达89 m;2014—2018年冰川主干中上游以及各支流均有不同程度的减薄,冰川主干的接收区高程显著增加,最大增厚120 m。根据冰川表面高程变化以及流速变化的特征,认为布拉尔杜冰川的支流引发了此次跃动,且本次跃动受水文机制的影响较大;结合现有的数据和文献,推断布拉尔杜冰川的跃动间隔约为40 a;为喀喇昆仑冰川跃动研究提供更多的实例,也可为此区域冰川灾害预警研究提供参考。     

电磁波CT技术在水利工程病害防治中的应用研究

使用新技术新方法,改善和提高探测技术和水平,是改善和提高水利工程病害预防治理效果的重要条件。以福建省xx水库渗漏病害治理为例,使用电磁波吸收CT技术,探测确定了大坝渗漏的位置、埋深范围及空间展布状态。为水库大坝灌浆防渗加固处理提供了关键依据,取得了良好的预期效果,是电磁波CT技术在水利工程病害防治中应用的成功实例。为电磁波CT技术与理论的进一步深人研究及其在各类工程勘测中的推广应用积累了资料和提供了实践经验。     

塔里木盆地构造—古地理演化

摘要构造—古地理演化对盆地分析与油气资源评价具有重要意义,通过古构造恢复结合区域地质背景,综合分析塔里木盆地构造—古地理演化过程。塔里木盆地经历克拉通基底形成阶段、南华—震旦纪强伸展—挤压阶段、寒武—奥陶纪弱伸展—强挤压阶段、志留—白垩纪振荡升降变迁阶段、新生代弱伸展—强挤压阶段等5大构造演化阶段。塔里木盆地南华—震旦纪发育北东向陆内窄深裂谷系统,不同于显生宙;寒武纪—早奥陶世发育“两台一盆”的“东西分块”的大型克拉通内碳酸盐岩台地,中-晚奥陶世碳酸盐岩台地快速演变为“南北分带”;志留—泥盆纪形成克拉通内坳陷海相碎屑岩沉积体系;石炭—二叠纪发育克拉通内碎屑岩夹碳酸盐岩的浅海—海陆过渡相沉积;中生代发育一系列分隔的快速变迁的陆内坳陷碎屑岩沉积;新生代发育前陆盆地陆相磨拉石沉积,形成复杂的叠合盆地。受控原—新特提斯洋与南天山洋的开启—闭合,以及新生代印度板块挤压的远程效应,塔里木盆地构造—古地理具有多期性、多样性、迁移性与强烈的改造性,不同于典型的克拉通盆地。     

载炭泡塑分离富集－火焰原子吸收法测定金

用载炭泡塑从５％～３０％的王水介质中吸附富集５～１０００μｇＡｕ，经无臭灰化和王水浸提，Ａｕ的回收率大于９９％。方法用于含Ａｕ量较高的矿石分析时，效果较泡塑吸附好。用火焰原子吸收法测定含Ａｕ６．８０ｇ／ｔ的金标样，验证分离富集方法的可靠性，结果平均值为６．７２ｇ／ｔ，相对标准偏差（ｎ＝１１）为３．１％。     

爆破地震波在砼重力坝中的特性反应

根据某大坝右岸围堰爆破，对爆破地震波三维空间的频谱、加速度、速度、动力放大倍数进行了研究，得到爆破地震波在砼重力坝的不同高度、不同方向、不同介质中的反应特性。     

Correlation study between suspended particulate matter and DOAS data

Continuous data of aerosol optical thickness monitored using differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) are correlated with the concentration of ground-measured suspended particulate matter (SPM). A high correlation is found between the DOAS and the ground SPM data, making it possible to calculate the mass extinction efficiency of the aerosols in the atmosphere. It is found that the value of mean mass extinction efficiency (MEE) varies over a range of 2.6–13.7m2 g?1, with smaller and larger values occurring for size distributions dominated by coarse and fine particles, respectively.     

福建沿岸地区红树林的种类与分布

于1998年11月至1999年1月对福建沿岸地区的红树林进行了调查,就福建红树林的种类组成、面积、分布情况、人工造林情况进行了论述,并就制约福建发展红树林的因素及解决方法提出了一些建议。     

香炉碗子金矿床稳定同位素特征

吉林省香炉碗子金矿床产于脆－韧性剪切带所控制的中生代侏罗纪形成的隐爆角砾乐岩体内，本文重点讨论了矿床的稳定同位素特征，分析成矿物质的来源，探讨了矿床的成因。