基于新测年资料的蓟县运动和燕山早期运动表现探讨:以深圳西部地区及东部大鹏半岛国家地质公园地区为例

近3年来在深圳西部及东部大鹏半岛国家地质公园等地,笔者等参加了地质路线调查研究和取样工作,先后采集了20组岩石同位素定年样品,采用新方法锆石U-Pb定年激光测试法测试,其中获得7个数据集中在1 007～897 Ma,首次发现中-新元古代蓟县纪-青白口纪,并基本可以证实蓟县运动(1 400～1 000 Ma)的存在;对中...     

后注浆桩单桩极限承载力与其影响因素的分析

随着城市开发的速度越来越快,土地也日益变得珍贵,高层建筑得到了快速发展,为了满足高层建筑物越来越大的结构荷载的需要,桩长和桩直径也变得越来越大。在不大幅增加成本的前提下,后注浆技术提高了钻孔灌注桩的单桩承载力,并降低了建筑物的沉降,因此得到了更广泛的应用。简要介绍了后注浆工艺的承载力提高机理及几个工程实例,分析了注浆前后单桩极限承载力变化情况及部分影响因素,为普及应用积累了一些素材。     

Sustainable yield of a karst aquifer system: a case study of Jinan springs in northern China

Based on the long-term monitoring data of rainfall, groundwater levels, groundwater abstraction, spring flow rates and groundwater quality, an assessment has been undertaken of the sustainable yield of a karst aquifer system in Shandong Province, northern China, to maintain perennial outflow of the karst springs while meeting water demands. One of the fundamental indicators for sustainable yield of groundwater is identified as maximum allowable water-level drawdown. A regional three-dimensional finite-difference numerical model has been developed to optimize the schemes associated with well fields and their locations and sustainable yields, in the Jinan spring catchment and its adjacent karst groundwater catchments, with the aim of maintaining the water level higher than the allowable lowest water level of 27.5?m above sea level. Furthermore, measures necessary to move towards sustainable use of the karst groundwater are outlined, drawing on contingency plans of water-source replacement and artificial recharge, dual water supply (based in water quality), use of the spring waters themselves, and groundwater quality protection.     

Environmentally associated spatial changes of a macrozoobenthic community in the Saemangeum tidal flat,Korea

Estuarine tidal flats are both ecologically and economically important, hence developing methods to reliably measure ecosystem health is essential. Because benthic fauna play a central role in the food web of tidal flats, in this study we set out to quantitatively describe the intertidal zonation of macro-invertebrates and their associations with specific environmental parameters along three transects in the Saemangeum tidal flat, Korea. The abundance and biomass of intertidal fauna with respect to five environmental parameters (i.e., shore level, mud content, coarse sand content, water content, and organic content) were measured, to identify environmental factors that influence macrofaunal distribution in intertidal soft bottom habitats. A total of 75 species were identified, with dominant species showing distinct zones of distribution along all transects. The number of species recorded in each transect was found to be dependent on sediment characteristics and salinity. Cluster analysis classified the entire study area into three faunal assemblages (i.e., location groups), which were delineated by characteristic species, including (A) ‘Periserrula–Macrophthalmus’, (B) ‘Umbonium–Meretrix’, and (C) ‘Prionospio–Potamocorbula’. Four environmental variables (i.e., shore level, water content, mud content, and organic content) appeared to determine factors that distinguished the three faunal assemblages, based on the discriminant analysis. The faunal assemblage types of the sampled locations were accurately predicted from environmental variables in two discriminant functions, with a prediction accuracy of 98%. It should be noted that the zonation of benthos in the lower section (C) of Sandong had been affected by the construction of a nearby dike, while this parameter had remained essentially unchanged at the other two location groups (A–B). Overall, the zonation of benthos from the Saemangeum tidal flat was explained adequately by the measured environmental variables, implying that faunal assemblages are closely associated with certain combinations of abiotic factors. The identification of such reliable associations may facilitate the development of statistical models to predict faunal distributions based on environmental variables at both local and regional scales. The entire study area was embanked in 2006 (one year after this study), and an integrated plan was set into force to develop claimed land into industrial, residential and agricultural districts, which also included a partial restoration program of the tidal flats located near to the study area.     

�����Ǽ�΢�����ϵͳ�۲�����ģ����Ԥ������

??侫????????????GRACE????????????Ч?????????????????????????GRACE????????о???????????????????????????λ????????????????????λ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????λ???????????????????????????????????λ??????????????????????     

基于构造解析重建的四川呷村银多金属矿床模型

四川省白玉县呷村银多金属矿床是中国著名的VHMS矿床之一,前人曾进行过详细的矿床模型研究。对于矿床下部脉状矿体大致呈层状平行于上部块状矿体的地质现象,前人曾提出"层状矿席+层控网脉状矿带"等模式。文章通过对呷村矿床地质特征的详细研究后认为,呷村矿床在印支期形成之后,遭受到燕山期弧-陆碰撞造山的强烈改造,导致矿区地层直立并倒转,并在能干性弱的流纹质火山岩中普遍发生层内韧性剪切变形,使原先近于垂直层状矿体和喷气沉积岩的下-中部脉状-网脉状矿体被构造置换为紧闭褶皱状、无根褶皱状、透镜体状,并近于平行于上部层状矿体。构造恢复表明,下-中部脉状-网脉状矿体原始三维形态为不整合的筒状或漏斗状,与上部层状矿体组成典型的"下筒上层"的"双层结构"。根据脉状-网脉状矿体和层状矿体的空间展布特征,在构造恢复的基础上重新建立了呷村VHMS矿床的双通道夹卤水池的矿床模型。该模型对矿区外围找矿有一定的指导意义。     

Quartz OSL chronology and dust accumulation rate changes since the Last Glacial at Weinan on the southeastern Chinese Loess Plateau

The fine‐grained (4–11 μm) quartz Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating technique was applied to the Weinan section on the southeastern Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) with a high luminescence sampling resolution (10‐ and 20‐cm intervals). Fifty‐eight OSL ages, spanning c. 1–74 ka, were obtained for the 10‐m loess–palaeosol sequences. The reliability of the OSL dating and the constructed chronology was confirmed by comparing the OSL ages with independent dates from other studies and by correlation with palaeoclimatic time series. The closely spaced OSL ages at Weinan indicate that the mean dust accumulation rate (DAR) of L_1–1 (MIS 2, 7.0±0.9 cm ka^?1) is lower than those of L_1–3 (MIS 4, 19.1±6.1 cm ka^?1) and L_1–2 (MIS 3, 16.0±0.7 cm ka^?1) and that the mean DAR c. 30–20 ka ago (11.4±2.4 cm ka^?1) is higher than that c. 20–10 ka ago (3.0±0.1 cm ka^?1) in L_1–1. The subsequent calculation of the mass accumulation rate (MAR) indicates that the MAR of L_1–1 (107 g m^?2 a^?1) is much lower than those of L_1–2 (247 g m^?2 a^?1) and L_1–3 (307 g m^?2 a^?1). By comparing the mean DAR results during the Last Glacial at Weinan with those at a further six sites from other studies, we observed that the mean DAR of L_1–2 is higher (lower) than that of L_1–1 on the eastern (western) CLP, and that the mean DAR during MIS 2 has an evident transition from high to low at c. 20 ka on the entire CLP. Possible mechanisms for the above mean DAR changes at orbital and sub‐orbital time scales are presented.     

某炭素厂煅烧车间地基基础加固

因填土含水量升高引起地基基础湿陷下沉,炭素回转窑钢管弯曲影响生产线正常运行。采用水泥水玻璃浆液,利用斜孔在沉灰室基础中线填土部位进行分层注浆;采用超过原桩长的扩底灌注桩对回转窑支架基础进行加固。阻止了地基基础进一步下沉,加固后回转窑至今运行良好。     

Application of the artificial bee colony algorithm-based projection pursuit method in statistical rock mass stability estimation

Because of the complexity of factors that affect rock mass stability, the design and decision-making in related engineering cannot rely solely on theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, but depend on the comprehensive judgment of experts. In pursuit of a statistical approach that may improve this disparity, an artificial bee colony algorithm-based projection pursuit (ABC-PP) method is presented for rock mass stability determination. The ABC-PP method is a powerful tool to deal with high-dimension problems, which characterize rock mass stability assessment practice. Two experiments are employed to demonstrate the efficiency of the ABC-PP method. In the first case, the state of stability is classified at two levels: stable and failed, whereas in the second case stability is classified at five levels (1–5) to test the capability of multi-level prediction of the ABC-PP method. Results show that the ABC-PP method could predict the rock mass stability accurately and may also provide the relative importance of specific controls on stability.     

沙尘天气下输沙率的野外观测与分析

2014年7月—2014年8月借助风速仪、微梯度集沙仪,通过野外监测系统获取的试验数据,对塔中地区2014年7月—2014年8月沙尘天气过程中贴地层输沙率进行分析,得出:0～85 mm高度内,随着风速的增大,35～85 mm无论是绝对的输沙量还是相对的输沙量都减少。0～85 mm高度内,各层输沙率最大值均出现在风速为8 m·s-1左右,波动较为显著;最小值出现在6.5 m·s-1左右,波动不明显;沙尘天气中,输沙率最大值出现在5～15 mm高度,最小值出现在35～85 mm高度。扬沙天气中,风速9.2 m·s-1时,输沙率最大值在0～5 mm处。沙尘暴天气,拐点风速为7.5 m·s-1,7.5 m·s-1时,输沙率增加不显著,7.5 m·s-1时,输沙率增加显著。通过微梯度集沙仪获得的上述试验数据是风沙工程设计的一个极重要工程参数,具有重要的实践意义。