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131.
Xue Yang Wu Yiping Miao Fasheng Li Linwei Liao Kang Ou Guangzhao 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2020,34(2):311-329
Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment - Conventional landslide analyses, based on deterministic methods or simple random variable methods, cannot consider the spatial variability... 相似文献
132.
A better understanding of solute transport and retention mechanism in rock fractures has been challenging due to difficulty in their direct observations in microscale rough‐walled fractures. Six representative troughs in a rough‐walled fracture were selected for microscale observations of eddy formation with increasing flow velocity and its effect on spatiotemporal changes of solute concentration. This experimental study was enabled by a microscale visualization technique of micro particle image velocimetry. With increasing flow velocity (Re ≤ 2.86), no eddies were generated, and solutes along the main streamlines transported rapidly, whereas those near the wall moved slowly. A larger amount of solutes remained trapped at all troughs at Re = 2.86 than Re < 1. For Re = 8.57, weak eddies started to be developed at the troughs on the lee side, which little contributed to overall solute flushing in the fracture. Accordingly, a large of amount of water was needed for solute flushing. The flow condition of 1 < Re < 10, before a full development of eddies, was least favourable in terms of time and amount of remediation fluid required to reach a target concentration. After large eddies were fully developed at troughs on the lee side for Re = 17.13, solutes were substantially reduced by eddies with less amount of water. Fully developed eddies were found to enhance solute transport and recovery, as opposed to a general consensus that eddies trap and delay solutes. Direct inflow into troughs on the stoss side also made a great contribution to solute flushing out of the troughs. This study indicates that fully developed eddies or strong inflows at troughs are highly possible to form for Re > 10 and this flow range could be favourable for efficient remediation. 相似文献
133.
郭家湾煤矿地处神府矿区新民采区西北部,为生态环境脆弱区。井田七层煤三个煤组开采后引发地面塌陷、含水层疏干、土地结构变化等地质环境问题,严重制约了地方经济的发展。为了煤炭资源可持续发展,研究陕北煤矿区地质环境保护与恢复治理措施,以1∶10000野外详细调查为依据,首先进行现状评估,然后针对矿山工程建设可能遭受、加剧、引发的矿山地质环境问题进行预测评估,最后提出了以移民搬迁、回填裂缝、生态恢复、建立矿山地质环境监测体系等为主的防治措施,让煤矿开采与矿山地质环境问题恢复治理并行。旨为陕北地区乃至全国煤矿,在保护地质环境中开发利用矿产资源提供依据和示范。 相似文献
134.
边界条件对土层粘弹性地震反应的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
边界条件是土层粘弹性地震反应必须考虑的问题。对于地表面,一般作为自由边界,而对于地下深处基岩面,边界条件有两种处理方法:一是静止边界,二是非静止边界的。首先给出了在时间域内单层地基一维土层粘弹性地震反应封闭解析解,然后从理论上分析边界条件对土层粘弹性地震反应的影响,认为采用静止边界进行土层地震反应计算得到的地震动加速度时程符合天然地震记录形式,而采用非静止边界进行土层地震反应计算得到的地震动加速度时程初始阶段出现较大幅度的振荡现象,随着土层厚度增加,这种振荡现象逐渐减弱直至消失。当土层阻尼较小或剪切波速增长时,振荡现象加剧;当土层阻尼比较大或剪切波速减小时,振荡现象减弱。此外,采用非静止边界进行土层地震反应计算,表现出随着土层厚度的增加,土层对基岩输入地震动的放大作用逐步转化为吸收作用。 相似文献
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137.
The natural enrichment of ferruginous weathering products and its implication for water quality in the Hunchun Basin, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In order to evaluate the extent of a natural enrichment of Fe and Mn over the whole of the Hunchun Basin, the stability of Fe-Mn mineral phases, their status, the weathering rate of source materials, and soil characteristics were determined. A variety of samples were collected from sediments, soil profiles, and surface soils. In the solutions after a sequentially selective dissolution using sodium pyrophosphate (p), acid oxalate (o), and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (d), Si, Al and Fe were dominant in the d and p fractions, and Mn in the o and p fractions. The results showed that the existing phases and status of Fe and Mn were distinctly different, and that the abundance of amorphous Mn phases made thermodynamic calculation difficult. An application of these ferruginous weathering products was therefore made to understand basin development. The first terrace of the Hunchun River is more active than the second terrace, which can be inferred from it having a higher value in Fed/Fet. Amorphous Fe phases such as Fe(OH)3 and Fe3(OH)8 were controlling factors of Fe in the thermodynamic calculations. The transformation of the amorphous Fe phases to more stable phases was hindered by high contents of smectite and gibbsite, amorphous opaline produced from rice roots, and organic phosphate pesticides or fertilizers in soils. Source-rock deduction using water samples suggested granitic weathering. Precipitation around the Hunchun Basin is gradually becoming more acidic. Therefore, in the future it is inevitable that ecological and environmental problems related to the Fe phases mentioned above will occur in the drinking water supply for this area, especially in that of the first terrace. 相似文献
138.
<正>1 Introduction The Sanjiang metallogenic belt is one of the important nonferrous metal metallogenic belts in China,the potential resources of copper,lead,zinc,silver,gold and tin are huge(Zhengqian et al.,1993).In the west of Yunnan province has a lot of Yanshanian granite,according to 1:20 million test data,development of granite belt rich in radioactive minerals in the west of Yunnan 相似文献
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