2010-2019年遵义4-8月短时强降水的时空特征分析

该文利用2010—2019年4—8月遵义13个国家站逐时地面降水观测资料,从年变化、月变化、日变化以及空间分布等多个角度进行统计,从不同等级雨强的时空分布进行分析,初步得出了遵义短时强降水事件的时空分布特征:①从短时强降水总频次的空间分布上看,东部发生频次较其余地区高;4月,发生频次地区差异小;5—8月,地区差异大。②从月分布来看,短时强降水高频中心有如下变化:4月集中在东北部、5月在南部和东南部、6月西移北抬到西部和中部、7月西移南压到西部和南部、8月东北移至东北部,高频中心的变化和副热带高压的南北位移有很好的对应。③从年分布来看,短时强降水事件平均每年发生49次,最多的是65次(2019年),最少的是33次(2017年)。4—6月事件频次迅速增加,6月到达峰值,6—8月事件频次开始逐渐减少,74.1%的短时强降水事件发生在夏季,尤其以6月份居多。④从日变化来看,08—13时短时强降水事件发生频次逐渐减少,13时达到一日中最低值,13—07时事件发生频次逐渐增加,有3个峰值,17—19时、20—22时和01—07时,期间有2个短暂的间歇期。4—7月白天平均发生频次较夜间少,8月反之。⑤6—8月是较高等级短时强降水事件的高发季节,尤其以6月份居多,但统计个例中≥70 mm/h的雨强却是在5月份出现。     

机载Lidar数据的农作物覆盖度及LAI反演

虽然Lidar点云数据已被广泛应用于获取森林各项结构参数,但这些方法并不适合于低矮的灌丛、林地和农作物。本文以玉米为研究对象,提出利用机载Lidar点云数据的强度信息和全波形数据中的距离与扫描天顶角信息,反演农作物覆盖度和LAI的方法。在黑河进行的飞行实验和地面验证表明,该方法具有较高精度,也表明Lidar在低矮自然植被监测和农业应用上有较大潜力。     

基于遥感技术的海岸带土地利用、覆被信息提取方法研究

本文以地处莱州湾东海岸的莱州市为研究区域,以TM影像为主要信息源,在分析各类地物分类效果的基础上,结合区域特点和地物光谱特征,综合利用两期典型季相的遥感图像,并针对每一种土地利用类型确定最佳信息提取影像,提出了基于光谱、地形等多种知识的分层信息提取方法.结果表明该方法分层目标明确,分类精度和计算效率都有明显提高,且在数...     

基于VAD技术的迭代法在实测多普勒速度缺测区域的填补研究

多普勒天气雷达径向速度场缺测区域的存在是影响速度二次产品算法精确度的重要因素,在实际风场为线性分布的假设条件下,文中详细介绍了一种基于VAD技术的迭代填补技术.在合理考虑迭代约束条件的情况下,应用实测多普勒速度数据,根据缺测区域类型随机制造非连续累积10°-180°缺口的缺测区域和连续累积10°-180°缺口的缺测区域...     

Analysis on multiple scattering by an arbitrary configuration of piles as barriers for vibration isolation

By introducing the multiple scattering of acoustic or electromagnetic waves by an arbitrary configuration of parallel cylinders, a new formal solution that is different from the traditional ones to solve the problem of plane elastic waves scattering by cylindrical solid piles as barriers for environmental vibration isolation has been established. The first order of scattering is generated from the excitation of each pile by incident waves, and the second order is resulted from the excitation of each pile by the first order of scattering induced by remaining piles. The rest to an infinite can be executed in the same manner. Suppose that each order of scattering satisfies continuity boundary conditions at the surface of each pile, the undetermined scattering coefficients would be figured out ultimately. By introducing the normalized displacement amplitude and transmissibility indices, some properties of vibration isolation by single or multi-row of piles are analyzed. Influences of specific parameters such as scattering orders, separations between piles and pile rows, normalized frequencies, number of piles, etc. are investigated. Several instructive results are derived and recommended for designing piles as barriers for environmental vibration isolation.     

Pseudospectral modeling and dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media

Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) is one of the most widely used techniques in environmental and engineering geophysics to determine shear-wave velocities and dynamic properties, which is based on the elastic layered system theory. Wave propagation in the Earth, however, has been recognized as viscoelastic and the propagation of Rayleigh waves presents substantial differences in viscoelastic media as compared with elastic media. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out numerical simulation and dispersion analysis of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media to better understand Rayleigh-wave behaviors in the real world. We apply a pseudospectral method to the calculation of the spatial derivatives using a Chebyshev difference operator in the vertical direction and a Fourier difference operator in the horizontal direction based on the velocity–stress elastodynamic equations and relations of linear viscoelastic solids. This approach stretches the spatial discrete grid to have a minimum grid size near the free surface so that high accuracy and resolution are achieved at the free surface, which allows an effective incorporation of the free surface boundary conditions since the Chebyshev method is nonperiodic. We first use an elastic homogeneous half-space model to demonstrate the accuracy of the pseudospectral method comparing with the analytical solution, and verify the correctness of the numerical modeling results for a viscoelastic half-space comparing the phase velocities of Rayleigh wave between the theoretical values and the dispersive image generated by high-resolution linear Radon transform. We then simulate three types of two-layer models to analyze dispersive-energy characteristics for near-surface applications. Results demonstrate that the phase velocity of Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic media is relatively higher than in elastic media and the fundamental mode increases by 10–16% when the frequency is above 10 Hz due to the velocity dispersion of P and S waves.     

泉州地震台数字地震仪台址的地脉动噪声分析

利用2008年泉州台甚宽频带数字地震仪连续48 h和全年每月连续48 h内白天与夜间各连续4 h的地脉动记录,计算5 Hz、5 s和100s的静态地脉动噪声功率谱密度、1/3倍频程1-20Hz带宽各段的平均静态地脉动噪声有效值、1/3倍频程100-30 s带宽各段的平均静态地脉动加速度噪声有效值,以及上述3个频点和2个...     

六安地区BBVS-60与KS-2000宽带地震计系统性能分析

通过对六安地区BBVS-60与KS-2000地震计系统记录台基噪声功率谱密度计算,和正弦标定数据处理,尤其通过对仪器系统记录地震震相分析,比较两种类型宽频带地震计系统的性能差异,为台站地震记录震相分析与仪器维护提供技术支持.     

安徽地区地磁转换函数变化与地震的关系

利用安徽省地磁台站2007-2009年数字化观测资料,应用地磁转换函数方法,对华东地区ML4.0以上地震进行对应关系研究,发现不同台站、不同周期的转换函数参量与安徽及邻近地区地震存在一定的对应关系,为今后数据研究提供参考.     

Seasonal circulations in the Malay Peninsula Eastern continental shelf from a wave–tide–circulation coupled model

A wave–tide–circulation coupled model based on Princeton Ocean Model is established to study the seasonal circulation in the Malay Peninsula Eastern Continental Shelf region. The model successfully reconstructs the observed seasonal variation of the circulation in the region, as well as the main currents. The simulated tidal harmonic constants, sea surface temperature, and sea surface height anomaly agree with the observations well. The model results show that the upper-layer circulation in the region is mainly controlled by the monsoon winds, while there are two transitions in spring and fall. An anti-cyclonic eddy is present off the Peninsular Malaysia’s east coast in summer, centered at 5°N and 105.5°E, both in the TOPEX/Poseidon data and in the model. Numerical experiments show that the wind stress curl and bathymetry steering are responsible for its formation.