地电学预报地震的综合跟踪方法

在本文中叙述了地震地电学方法判断地震活动趋势的８条指标：１．电性前兆出现的部位；２．地电年变化背景场；３．地震地电阻率ρｓ的早期下降变化；４．中期平稳波动变化；５．短期加速下降变化；６．临震快速回返变化；７．电性多参数无纲前兆；８△．Ｔ的对数与Ｍ之间的统计关系。     

乌鲁木齐河源冰川物质平衡季节变化和总消融海拔分布

消融期前冰川积累量随海拔线性增加，消融期冰川总消融随海拔线性减少。季节零平衡线的移动和正积温密切相关。根据总消融率和冰川面积随海拔的分布，计算了冰川融水量随海拔的分布。冰川平衡线，平均消融线和平均海拔线相互接近。平衡线可作为估算冰川融水量的一个标准位置。     

江汉平原土地类型与综合自然区划

基于对自然环境特征的分析，本文划分江汉平原的土地类型，运用土地类型结构数量分析方法，自下而上地作了江汉平原综合自然区划，揭示自然环境的地域分异规律。     

河南淅川黑绿玉的矿物学研究

河南省淅川黑绿玉质地细腻,颜色浓绿,为一种新型的玉石材料。本文对黑绿玉的矿物成分作了详细的研究,结果表明:黑绿玉的主要矿物成分为α型叶蛇纹石,含量大于90％,电镜下观察呈细条板状及叶片状,相互穿插,且有较大程度的定向性,具交织结构。其它矿物主要为磁铁矿、阳起石、方解石等,含量较少,主要分布于玉石的显微剪切理中。通过X光衍射、电子探针、红外吸收光谱及热分析等,对主要的蛇纹石矿物进行了种属确定,对其结构特征、结晶程度及成因等作了一些探讨,并对玉石(全岩)作了显微硬度测试。     

河南省汝阳梅花玉的矿物学特征

梅花玉是一种杏仁状安山岩,产于河南省汝阳县境内。其基质含大量的细条板状低钠长石,具交织结构;斑晶为低钠长石;杏仁体中的矿物成分主要有低钠长石、微斜长石、绿帘石、蠕绿泥石、石英、方解石、磁铁矿等,是一套典型的低温热液矿物组合。利用X射线分析、电子探针分析、红外光谱分析等,对上述矿物从矿物成分、结构状态等方面进行了研究。此外,还对梅花玉进行了显微硬度的测定。     

鄂尔多斯地区寒武纪海侵及其地层的时侵

关于鄂尔多斯断块^[1]及其周缘的寒武纪地层与海侵,卢衍豪先生曾有论述。本文将讨论“霍山砂岩”的时代及其时侵的特点。     

从构造运动谈地质年代表的划分方案

地球的发展进入“地质时期”以来,岩石圈(首先是地壳)、大气圈、水圈和生物圈等外部圈层,相继形成并在内外动力作用下不断演化。这种演化过程,以不同程度和不同形式保留在不同时期形成的地质体上。我们正是通过对具体地质体的研究,从中抽象出它们形成的相对顺序和时限概念,逐步建立起地质年代表。因此,随着研究的深入,地质年代表也将不断被补充和修正。一般说来,前寒武纪地层受后期改造较强烈,地质年代表的这一部分就有着较大的分歧和争论,世界各地的地质学家提出过多种划分方案。     

不同淹水深度对香蒲生长状况、水质及底泥理化性质的影响

为了研究湿地香蒲种群对不同水深环境的生态响应规律和特征，分别于2018-06-30，2018-07-30，2018-08-29，2018-09-28进行野外采样，通过调查和室内化学分析，探讨了7个不同淹水深度下香蒲种群生长指标、水质因子和底泥因子的变化情况。结果表明：在不同淹水深度下，香蒲的生长指标差异显著，当淹水深度为50 cm时，香蒲的生长状态最优；4个采样日石佛寺水库水样大体呈弱碱性，底泥类型为中性偏酸性；随着淹水深度的增加，水样中的溶解氧（DO）、硝态氮（NO₃^-）和亚硝态氮（NO₂^-）质量浓度逐渐减小，总氮（TN）和氨氮（NH₄⁺）质量浓度增大，底泥中氨氮（NH₄⁺）和有机碳（SOC）质量分数总体增大，总氮（TN）、硝态氮（NO₃^-）和亚硝态氮（NO₂^-）质量分数逐渐减小，电导率总体逐渐降低，总磷（TP）和速效磷（AP）的质量分数基本呈波动状态。底泥和水体中氮元素的含有量对香蒲的生长影响较大。     

Estimation of tree transpiration and response of tree conductance to meteorological variables in desert-oasis system of Northwest China

Transpirations of three dominated tree species, namely Mongol Scotch Pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litvin), White elm (Ulmus pumila) and Gansu Poplar (Populus gansuensis Wang et Yang) in oasis shelter forest (Linze site) and of two dominated tree species, namely Euphrates Poplar (Populus euphratica Oliv.) and Russia olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia Linn.) in lowland desert (Erjinaqi site) have been estimated using measured sapflow in summer, autumn and winter, 2002 and in spring, 2003. An ENVIS System was used for each site to measure microclimate variables, soil moisture and sapflow every half an hour, and the study time scale is one day. In the 104 days of observation during the growing season at the Linze site, the average daily sapflow of Gansu Poplar is 9.93 L· d^-1, and the average transpiration per unit leaf area is 1.99 mm · d^-1. For White elm tree, the daily average sapflow is 4.08 L· d^-1, while the daily average transpiration per unit leaf area is 0.49 mm · d^-1. The values for Mongol Scotch Pine are 3.91 L· d^-1 and 0.25 mm · d^-1, respectively. In the total 73 days of observation during the growing season at the Erjinaqi site, the daily average sapflows of Russia olive and Euphrates Poplar are 12.1 and 20.97 L· d^-1, respectively, and the average transpirations per unit leaf area are 0.22 and 0.31 mm · d^-1, respectively. In the observation period of the growing season, tree conductances of Mongol Scotch Pine, White elm, Gansu Poplar or Russia olive show an exponential relationship with the daily average air temperature or vapour pressure deficit, but the relationship is not so obvious between tree conductance and global radiation. The transpiration process of each tree species is affected by all the observed four environmental variables. The response of tree conductance to different climatic factors changes with tree species. The effect of the same factor to the same tree species is also variable in different growing stages. The sapflow of every tree species is relatively large in later spring to early summer, and low in summer, and then reaches its largest value in later September. In the mid-November, the sapflow is relatively large, especially the deciduous tree species. This may be characteristic of the tree species in Arid Regions of Northwest China.