Effect of a thermokarst lake on soil physical properties and infiltration processes in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China

Changes in the hydrological processes in alpine soil constitute one of the several key problems encountered with studying watershed hydrology and ecosystem stability against the background of global warming. A typically developing thermokarst lake was chosen as a subject for a study using model simulation based on observations of soil physical properties, infiltration processes, and soil moisture. The results showed that the selected thermokarst lake imposed certain changes on the soil infiltration processes and, with the degree of impact intensifying, the initial infiltration rate decreased. The greatest reduction was achieved in the area of moderate impact. However, the stable infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration gradually increased in the surface layer at a depth of 10 and 20 cm, both decreasing initially and then increasing, which is correlated significantly with soil textures. Moreover, the cumulative infiltration changed in line with steady infiltration rate. Based on a comparative analysis, the Horton model helps better understand the effect on the soil infiltration processes of the cold alpine meadow close to the chosen thermokarst lake. In conclusion, the formation of the thermokarst lake reduced the water holding capacity of the alpine meadow soil and caused the hydraulic conductivity to increase, resulting in the reduction of runoff capacity in the area of the thermokarst lake.     

小口径加筋砼灌注桩应用初探

在小口径加筋砼灌注桩试桩基础上结合工程实例对小口径加筋砼灌注桩的设计、施工和检测进行了初步探讨     

树轮稳定同位素记录:进展、问题及展望

树轮稳定同位素比率(δ13 C、δ18O 和δD)变化与树木生长季的气候和环境条件密切相关。控制实验表明, 树轮稳定同位素比率变化可较好地记录树木叶片气孔活动、水分来源、水分利用效率等相关信息, 已成为古气候和全球变化生态学研究的重要代用指标和手段之一。树轮稳定同位素记录能够较好地保留低频气候环境变化信息, 与年轮宽度相结合, 可有效地进行区域古气候重建和全球变化生态学方面的研究。文章综述了树轮稳定同位素的分馏机理及其发展, 系统阐述和评价了利用树轮稳定同位素指标进行古气候和古环境的相关研究成果, 并指出树轮稳定同位素研究在中国未来亟须着重发展的方向。     

Prediction of Water Temperature as Affected by a Pre‐Constructed Reservoir Project Based on MIKE11

Reservoir construction can lead to much more water stored in front of the dam and significantly increase heat storage capacity of the reservoir waters, thus resulting in different distribution pattern of water temperature in reservoir area compared to river. Especially for large reservoir, the obvious stratification of water temperature will appear in the reservoir with deeper water levels. Meanwhile, the low water temperature will be observed in the downstream river due to the operation of the reservoir. The vertical numerical simulation model for reservoir from MIKE 11 was used to predict the changes of water temperature of Wuxikou Reservoir to check the effects of the reservoir construction on water temperature. The water temperature prediction model was developed to simulate the water temperature of the reservoir and the discharged outflow water. The predicted results can contribute to assessing the feasibility of the pre‐constructed project based on the environmental influence of water temperature.     

基于J2EE的分布式WebGIS研究

在对比分析传统的WebGIS各种实现模式优缺点的基础上，探讨了利用企业级J2EE技术实现分布式WebGIS的解决方案，使WebGIS更好地满足企业级应用的需要。     

起伏地形下我国太阳直接辐射空间制图

建立了起伏地形下太阳直接辐射分布式计算模型 ;成功地解决了起伏地形中地形相互遮蔽对太阳直接辐射影响的难题 ;采用数据集群技术 ,探讨了不同数据集情况下太阳直接辐射计算模式的时空有效性 ;以 1km× 1km分辨率的DEM数据作为地形的综合反映 ,完成了我国 1km× 1km分辨率各月气候平均太阳直接辐射空间分布制图     

矢量地形图拓扑等问题的研究与实践

对矢量地图生产过程中常见的图形拓扑、数据冗余问题进行分析和研究；在此基础上结合生产实践，提出了相应的解决办法。研制了基于AutoCAD2000平台的相关程序。     

引力位虚拟压缩恢复法

提出了一种将地球表面的引力位虚拟地压缩到地球内部的一个球体表面,进而求解在整个地球外部空间(包括地球边界上)的重力位场以及重力场的方法。