Die Bedeutung der Reliefgenerationen für die Vulkangebiete

Zusammenfassung Die komplexen tertiären Vulkangebiete lassen sich auf Grund der Störungsphasen und Reliefgenerationen in verschiedene natürliche Gruppen gliedern. An Beispielen (Westerwald, Vogelsberg, Habichtswald, Hegau, Böhmisches Mittelgebirge) wird gezeigt, wie man durch Ermittlung der Reliefgenerationen die bisher zugrunde gelegte, rein petrographische Unterscheidung der Vulkangebilde ergänzen, berichtigen oder ersetzen kann und dabei zu einer richtigen Analyse des Aufbaues und der vulkanischen Ereignisse gelangt.     

Über das Zurücksinken und die Regeneration von Gebirgen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Entgegnung an Herrn Dr. Wenz (Frankfurt)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Zur Kenntnis der Anordnung der Gebirgsketten in Ostmexiko

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Innovative Techniques for Measuring the Oil Content of Oil-Contaminated Porous Media

The oil content of oil-contaminated porous media is an important parameter for the assessment and remediation of oil pollution in soil and groundwater. However, an accurate measurement method is not available. In this study, we propose a new equation to calculate the oil content of water-bearing media based on traditional extraction–ultraviolet spectroscopy. Further, an improved experimental method was developed. The results indicate that the pure solid weight and oil content of oil-contaminated media can be accurately determined by introducing the oil drying loss coefficient (γ). The average relative errors of the improved method range from −0.14% to −0.96%. They are much smaller than errors of −4.49% to −10.97% of the original methods, indicating that the accuracy of measured oil content is enhanced. In addition, the accuracy of the new method does not depend on oil volatility and oil content.     

The geographic distribution of small dams in Oregon using ecoregion and landform classification

Abstract

Small dams fragment river landscapes, disrupting channel connectivity and impacting water quality and quantity. Although they impound volumetrically less total water than large dams, the ubiquity of small dams suggests their cumulative impacts could be significant. Documenting the distribution and characteristics of small dams is necessary to understanding and mitigating their impacts. In this study, we compare datasets of small dams in Oregon, compile a new comprehensive dataset, and document geographic variations in small dam distributions between different ecoregions. We used Oregon Water Resources Department dam and Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife fish passage barrier datasets to compare dam heights and contributing drainage areas between different ecoregions. Over 61% of Oregon’s land area is above one or more small dam. We highlight the location of Oregon’s small dams at valley margins, transition zones between flat plains and mountains, and areas of high population density. Given the hidden nature of small dams, evaluation of small dam impacts using public imagery is not effective. However, knowledge of small dam distributions given their association with landforms can aid in finding unrecorded dams, assessing approaches for evaluating their geomorphic impacts, and informing their management.     

Holocene climate evolution of the Ugii Nuur basin,Mongolia

In order to evaluate the Holocene palaeoenvironmental evolution of the Ugii Nuur basin, central Mongolia, investigations on chemical and mineralogical properties of lacustrine sediments were carried out on a 630 cm sediment core from lake Ugii Nuur. The interpretation of the record is based on a principal component analysis （PCA） of the elemental composition of the samples. The results show that lacustrine deposition started at 10.6 kyr BP. Low lake level conditions were identified during the Early Holocene （10.6-7.9 kyr BP）. The Mid Holocene （7.9-4.2 kyr BP） was characterized by generally higher lake levels and thus higher moisture supply, but it experienced strong climatic fluctuations. Arid conditions prevailed from 4.2-2.8 kyr BP and were followed by a stable, more humid phase until today.     

Zur Wirkung von Singulettsauerstoff bei der Wasseraufbereitung

On the laboratory scale investigations are carried out into the action of singlet oxygen, which is generated in water by addition of sodium-hypochlorite and hydrogen-peroxide solution, on Elbe river water and model waters. DOC does not change; COD, however, decreases considerably. The advantages and drawbacks of the treatment are stated.