利用南极走航观测评估卫星遥感海表面温度

利用1989-2005年间南极走航观测的海表面温度,对目前3个主要的卫星反演的SST产品AVHRR(Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer),TMI(TRMM Microwave Imager)和AMSR-E(Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System)进行了较为系统的评估,并着重检验了它们在南大洋的准确性.结果表明,AVHRR SST比观测数据偏冷,白天的偏差为-0.12℃,夜晚的偏差为-0.04℃,而且南大洋的冷偏差更为显著.TMI SST比观测数据明显偏暖,白天的偏差为0.48℃,夜晚的偏差为0.57℃,其温差ΔT受37GHz风速影响,在强风速(>6m/s)下这种影响仍然存在.AMSR-ESST比观测数据偏暖,白天的偏差为0.34℃,夜晚的偏差为0.27℃,而且南大洋的暖偏差相对较大.AMSR-E SST温差受水汽影响,并在南大洋随着水汽的增加而增加.通过进一步比较微波(AMSR-E和TMI)和红外(AVHRR)遥感的SST在2004年北半球冬季(即南半球夏季)的差别,发现微波遥感在热带(15°S-15°N)和南大洋区域(45°S以南)比红外遥感偏暖,而且在南大洋区域的偏差相对较大,相反在北半球中纬度区域(15°~40°N)偏冷.AMSR-E与AVHRR SST的温差,从白天到夜晚有减小的趋势,而TMI与AVHRR SST的温差无明显的变化.     

Submarine canyons on the north of Chiwei Island:influenced by recent extension of the southern Okinawa Trough

Based on new multibeam bathymetric data and about 300 km long single seismic profiles, three topographic units were identified： the canyons, fractural valley and submarine terrace on the north of Chiwei Island where is a structural transition zone between the southern trough and the middle trough. The Chiwei Canyon and the North Chiwei Canyon are two of the largest canyons in the East China Sea （ECS） slope. Topographic features and architectures of them are described. The study shows that both of them are originated along faults. The evolution and spatial distribution of topographic units in the study area are controlled mainly by three groups of faults which were formed and reactive in the recent extensional phase of Okinawa Trough. The Chiwei Canyon was initia- ted during the middle Pleistocene and guided by F4 that is a N--S trending fault on the slope and F1, a large NW--SE trending fault on the trough. The pathway migration from the remnant channel to the present one of Chiwei Canyon is the result of uplift of tilted fault block that is coupled to the recent extension movements of the southern trough. The submarine terrace is detached from the ECS slope by the NEE -trending fault. The North Chiwei Canyon, developing during the late Pleistocene, is guided by FS, a N-S trending fault, diverted and blocked by the submarine terrace.     

Hill Instability Analysis of TLP Tether Subjected to Combined Platform Surge and Heave Motions

This paper presents the Hill instability analysis of Tension keg Platform （TLP） tether in deep sea. The 2-D nonlinear beanl model, which is undergoing coupled axial and transverse vibrations, is applied. The governing equations are reduced to nonlinear Hill equation by use of the Galerkin＇ s method and the modes superposition principle. The Hill instability charted up to large parameters is obtained. An important parameter M is defined and can be expressed as the functions of tether length, the platform surge and heave motion amplitudes. Some example studies are performed for various envirotnnental conditions. The results demonstrate that the nonlinear coupling between the axial and transverse vibrations has a significant effect on the response of structure. It needs to be considered for the accurate dynamic analysis of long TI2 tether subjected to the combined platfolna surge and heave motions.     

Fe对眼点拟微球藻的生长和脂肪酸组成的影响

研究了铁对眼点拟微球藻(Nannochloropsis oculata)的生长和脂肪酸组成的影响.结果表明: Fe2 浓度在0～0.5 mmol/L的范围内,细胞比增长速率随Fe2 浓度的升高而降低.与对照组相比,随着Fe2 浓度的升高,细胞中主要的饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的比例有所降低,而多不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的比例则有较大的提高.另外,在一定范围内(0～0.3 mmol/L),Fe2 浓度的升高则会促使细胞内积累二十碳五烯酸(EPA).细胞生长和EPA积累的最适Fe2 浓度是0.05 mmol/L,在这一浓度下细胞比增长速率为0.236±0.020 d-1,细胞中EPA质量分数比对照组提高约24%.     

褐菖鲉网箱养殖试验初报

2001年4月30日在浙江南麂海域3 m×3 m×3 m网箱中放养0.9 g自然海区捕获的褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)苗种,进行为期2年多的养殖试验.结果表明,该鱼生长缓慢,养殖38 d体质量为8.3 g,养殖240 d为24.8 g,养殖787 d为112.3 g.总养殖成活率为20.1%,平均日增体质量0.142 g,平均日增体质量率0.62%.秋末至夏初低水温期是褐菖鲉的主要生长期,在9～13℃较低水温下亦会摄食与生长.饵料系数为3.6.冬春季养殖成活率高于秋夏季,第一年夏季养殖成活率低,仅28.1%.养殖方式以混养为宜.     

Kalman 滤波几种异常检验法

为了检测动态导航观测异常和动力学模型异常,采用预测残差构造观测误差和动力学模型误差整体检验法,对观测异常可分别采用以模型为准的观测异常检验、以当前历元可靠观测为基准的异常检验或以Kalman滤波估值为基础的异常检验的方法;对于动力学模型异常检验,可以分别采用状态不符值检验法、以状态参数Kalman滤波估值为基础的动力学模型异常检验或以可靠观测为基础的动力学模型误差整体检验的方法.分析了以上几种检验方法的特点,并用实测数据进行了检验.结果表明:在观测异常或动力学模型异常处,异常检验对导航数据精度有一定程度地提高.     

新疆阿尔金断裂北缘喀腊大湾铜多金属矿床地质特征及控矿因素

通过对区域含矿岩系、火山作用、构造演化与矿产等开展地质调查表明:这些矿床产于塔里木地块古陆缘红柳沟-拉配泉元古代裂谷带、喀腊达坂大断裂北侧,含矿地层为蓟县系卓阿布拉克组变质火山岩,具有典型的双峰式火山岩建造特点,成矿作用发生于火山喷发旋回的间歇期.通过对典型矿床喀腊大湾铜多金属矿床地质特征及控矿因素研究,表明该矿床具明显的矿化分带和蚀变分带,δ(34S)测定反映硫大部分来源于海水,成因类型属与海相火山作用有关的喷气喷流型硫化物矿床,该矿床的主要控矿因素为海相沉积地层、火山喷发的间歇期和断裂构造等,变质作用对成矿有一定的富集作用.     

池养条件下军曹鱼早期发育阶段的生长和摄食

研究了军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)早期阶段的生长和摄食特性。结果表明:1~29日龄间,全长与日龄之间呈指数函数相关:y=3.6922e0.0995x(R=0.9913);体重与日龄间呈指数函数相关:y=0.0002e0.276x(R=0.9830);体重与全长之间为幂函数相关:y=5×10-6x2.786(R=0.9957);口径与日龄的关系为直线函数关系:y=0.1034x-0.0044(R=0.9939)。鱼苗早期阶段的生长速度存在显著性差异。军曹鱼早期鱼苗在3~6日龄时主要摄食原生动物、单轮幼虫和轮虫;7~12日龄时主要摄食桡足类无节幼体;13日龄以后主要摄食桡足类成体。仔、稚鱼阶段,军曹鱼的摄食活动呈现明显的昼夜节律,其饱满度指数均在12时前后出现最高峰,日摄食率分别为57.36%和14.78%。     

溶藻弧菌asp基因在大肠杆菌中表达活性研究及条件优化

为进一步研究溶藻弧菌碱性丝氨酸蛋白酶(ASP)蛋白生物学活性和功能,将构建的pET23d-asp在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中表达,对表达产物进行纯化分析,并优化表达条件。结果表明:在咪唑洗脱缓冲液浓度为100 mmol/L时,表达的可溶性ASP被大量洗脱,纯化的ASP相对分子质量约为42 000,具有蛋白活性;在诱导温度28℃、异丙基-β-D硫代半乳糖苷(Isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside,IPTG)浓度1 mmol/L及诱导时间16 h时,表达的活性ASP蛋白最多。