Adsorption of Pentachlorophenol onto Oxide and Clay Minerals： Surface Reaction Model and Environmental Implications

The adsorption of pentachlorophenol （PCP） onto quartz, kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite and iron oxides has been investigated by batch equilibrium techniques. The pH-dependent isotherms are curves with peak values, the position of which is at about pH = 5-6 depending on the mineral species. Based on distribution of both speciation of surface hydroxyls on minerals and PCP in solution a surface reaction model involving surface complexation and surface electrostatic attraction is presented to fit the pH-dependent isotherms, and both reaction constants are calculated. The results show that on quartz and phyllosilicate minerals the predominant adsorption reaction is surface complexation, meanwhile both of surface electrostatic attraction and surface complexation are involved on the iron oxide minerals. The reaction constants of surface electrostatic adsorption are usually one to three orders in magnitude, larger than that of surface complexation. The concentration-dependent isotherms can be well fitted by Langmnir equation with the correlation coefficient R〉0.93 for kaolinite and iron oxides. The maximum adsorption is found in the order： hematite 〉 lepidocrocite 〉 goethite 〉 kaolinite 〉 quartz 〉 montmorillonite ≈ illite, which can be interpreted by consideration of both reaction mechanism and surface hydroxyl density. The significant adsorption of PCP onto mineral surfaces suggests that clay and iron oxide minerals will play an important role as HIOCs are adsorbed in laterite or latertoid soil, which is widespread in South China.     

Mesozoic Bimodal Volcanic Suite in Zhalantun of the Da Hinggan Range and Its Geological Significance： Zircon U-Pb Age and Hf Isotopic Constraints

1 Introduction Mesozoic volcano-intrusive rocks are widely distributed in the Da Hinggan Range of northeastern China, and are considered as one of the most spectacular geological sights in eastern Asia. Recently, studies on granites with high εNd(t) values and Phanerozoic crustal growth in the Centra Asian Orogenic Belt have greatly promoted fundamental research into the geology of this area (Jahn et al., 2000, 2001, 2004; Wu et al., 2000, 2002, 2003). However, work on the eruption time,…     

Absorption of Arsenite on Several Iron （Hydro-）Oxides and Impact from Pre-processing Methods

The absorption reactions of arsenite on Fe （hydro-）oxides are studied. The three absorbent types are Fe（OH）3 gel and two Fe （hydro-）oxides, in which the Fe（OH）3 gel was dried in a microwave oven under vacuum at 80℃. It is found that pH changes from 9.71 to 10.36 in 6 minutes after the Fe （OH）3 gel was mixed with NaAsO2 solution, as the arsenite replaces the OH- in goethite and Fe（OH）3. At the 40th minute after the start of the reaction, pH decreases, which is most probably because that the monodentate surface complex of absorbed arsenite has changed into mononuclear-bidentate complex and released proton. The decline in pH values indicates not the end of the absorption but a change in the reaction type. Temperature and dissolved gas has little effect on these two types of reactions. The total absorption of arsenite increases after the absorbent is irradiated with ultrasound, which also lead to difficulty in separating the solids from solution. The absorption capacity for arsenite of Fe（OH）3 gel dried in a microwave oven under vacuum is 53.18% and 17.22% respectively better than that of Fe （OH）3 gel and gel dried at 80℃. The possible reasons are that the water molecules in the gel vibrates with high frequency under the effect of microwave irradiation, thereby producing higher porosity and improved surface activity.     

基于小波变换的射频干扰消除方法的研究

在射电天文观测中,射频干扰(Radio Frequency Interference, RFI)会以多种形式混入望远镜接收系统,给观测带来误判或者降低观测信噪比.近年来国内国际射电天文快速发展,国内国际大型射电望远镜和阵列先后建设,观测灵敏度大为提高,射频干扰的影响尤为突出.随着科技发展和人类活动的加剧,射频干扰日益严重且不可逆转.提出利用2维离散小波变换的方法分析射电天文观测的数据,对望远镜系统输出的时间频率序列进行小波变换,根据小波系数分离出原始信号中各分量,每个分量统计得到相应的阈值,将各分量与阈值相比较识别干扰成分并标记去除.利用该方法对实际观测数据进行了处理,结果表明该方法能够很好地标记并消减干扰信号,且提高了观测的信噪比.     

福建地壳运动观测网络观测成果初步分析

利用最新GAMIT软件,对福建省地壳运动观测网络的厦门、福州、泉州、龙岩、南平5个GPS基准站2004年3月1日至2005年3月6日的观测资料在ITRF2000全球坐标系统框架下,使用IGS精密星历数据及其核心观测站的坐标和运动速率为控制参数进行了统一解算,并利用GLOBK软件进行联合平差,得到了5个测站的观测精度。结果表明,福建地区形变南强北弱、东强西弱,且该地区随中国大陆较均匀地向SE（SEE）方向运动。     

龙首山几个镁铁-超镁铁质岩体比较

文章选择龙首山隆起区金川、塔马子沟、毛草泉、小口子、藏布台几个镁铁-超镁铁质岩体进行地质、地球化学比较研究,发现岩体普遍具有橄榄石堆晶特征,中段金川岩体以二辉橄榄岩为主要特征,外围岩体以单辉橄榄岩为特征.地球化学数据显示,这些镁铁-超镁铁质岩体处于相同的岩石系列,源区具有相似性,岩体含矿差异主要源自岩浆演化.结合地质综合场模型,提出金川外围岩体在龙首山隆起区,沿构造带东西长约80～100km范围存在金川深部岩浆房响应的产物.     

黑龙江争光金矿地质地球化学研究

通过氢、氧、铅同位素和流体包裹体测试,结合争光金矿床的地质、微量元素、稀土元素地球化学特征研究,表明争光金矿为岩浆低温热液矿床.成矿物质主要来源于地层,矿化类型为蚀变岩型和石英脉型.成矿流体为岩浆水、变质水和大气降水的混合液.δD值为-63‰～-85‰,δ18O水值为-0.2‰～-7.0‰,主成矿阶段温度为133～276℃.     

深圳市龙岗区同乐村岩溶地面塌陷特征及形成机理初步探讨

2004年11月9日凌晨2时许,深圳市龙岗区同乐居委会水流田村发生岩溶地面塌陷,倒房1栋,所幸无人伤亡。本文在工程地质勘察的基础上,对此次塌陷的特征及形成机理作了初步探讨,提出深埋岩溶地面塌陷,除有溶洞、地下水等必要条件,还与第四系沉积物的成分、结构、透水性密切相关,同时地质构造也起着控制作用。深埋岩溶地面塌陷与浅层地下水的多寡及垂直活动特性密切相关。     

塔中地区石炭系东河砂岩储层物性影响因素研究

石炭系东河砂岩储层是塔中地区重要的油气产层,通过对岩石铸体薄片、阴极发光薄片、岩心和钻井等资料的综合分析研究认为,岩石颗粒粒度、砂岩厚度以及成岩作用等是影响本区东河砂岩储层物性的主要因素,其中控制储层物性的主要成岩作用有压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用.     

福建省山海经济差异及其协调发展对策探讨

福建省沿海地区与内陆地区经济差异明显.通过1990～2004年经济发展综合指数的分析,福建省沿海地区与内陆地区的经济差异呈扩大趋势,其因素是多方面的.基于此,本文提出5种区域经济协调发展的对策.