我国天然锌铜金属互化物的发现和特征

锌、铜金属互化物是罕见的天然合金矿物，由锌、铜两种元素组成。由于形成条件、环境不同及矿物中锌、铜元素含量不同，形成系列锌、铜金属互化物。经过对我国近二十年来发现的各类型天然锌、铜金属互化物产出的地质特征，物理、化学及光学性质进行的系统研究发现，目前我国在不同的地质体中出现多种不同类型的锌、铜金属互化物，该类矿物主要形成于高温、还原且缺硫的条件下，多数与造岩矿物共生，而与多数金属硫化物形成条件不同。     

叶碲铋矿研究中存在问题分析

叶碲铋矿最初定名为wehrlite，结构式为Bi2 xTe3-x，后于1982年改名为pilsenite，结构式相应改为Bi4Te3。楚碲铋矿(BiTe)的成分介于原叶碲铋矿的成分范围之内。有些研究者仍用原成分确定叶碲铋矿或把楚碲铋矿当作叶碲铋矿，本文旨在提醒研究者注意，避免误用。     

哈尔滨市地下水开采安全警戒量的研究

明确了地下水开采安全警戒量的概念，建立了哈尔滨市地下水开采安全警戒量评价指标体系。以地下水过量开采所带来的环境负效应作为评价指标，对这些环境指标进行了量化分级、加权。运用GIS空间叠加手段，建立了研究区每个栅格的地下水开采安全警戒量评价体系，求出了哈尔滨市地下水开采安全警戒量。     

河道沿岸芦苇带对氨氮的削减特性研究

氨氮污染已成为我国江河湖库水质下降和水生态系统退化的重要因素之一.借助现场对比观测试验和理论分析的方法,研究不同季节氨氮对河流水质的影响规律,得到了雨洪初期汇流河流水质污染最为严重的结论.系统地研究了沿河岸芦苇带对氨氮的削减净化效应,得到了芦苇带吸附氨氮的主要影响因素为:芦苇生长期、水体污染物浓度、河道流速及气象条件.运用数值模拟和参数优化估算技术,确定氨氮在河道两岸有、无芦苇等植物条件下的衰减系数和削减量,分析了衰减系数的变化规律和削减量大小的影响因素,为河流水生态系统修复和水质预测预报提供科学依据.     

Contemporary crustal deformation of the Chinese continent and tectonic block model

We obtain the preliminary result of crustal deformation velocity field for the Chinese continent by analyzing GPS data from the Crustal Motion Observation Network of China (CMONOC), particularly the data from the regional networks of CMONOC observed in 1999 and 2001. We delineate 9 technically active blocks and 2 broadly distributed deformation zones out of a dense GPS velocity field, and derive block motion Euler poles for the blocks and their relative motion rates. Our result reveals that there are 3 categories of deformation patterns in the Chinese continent. The first category, associated with the interior of the Tibetan Plateau and the Tianshan orogenic belt, shows broadly distributed deformation within the regions. The third category, associated with the Tarim Basin and the region east of the north-south seismic belt of China, shows block-like motion, with deformation accommodated along the block boundaries only. The second category, mainly associated with the borderland of the Tibetan Plateau, such as the Qaidam, Qilian, Xining (in eastern Qinghai), and the Diamond-shaped (in western Sichuan and Yunnan) blocks, has the deformation pattern between the first and the third, i.e. these regions appear to deform block-like, but with smaller sizes and less strength for the blocks. Based on the analysis of the lithospheric structures and the deformation patterns of the regions above, we come to the inference that the deformation modes of the Chinese continental crust are mainly controlled by the crustal structure. The crust of the eastern China and the Tarim Basin is mechanically strong, and its deformation takes the form of relative motion between rigid blocks. On the other hand, the northward indentation of the Indian plate into the Asia continent has created the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the Tianshan Mountains, thickened their crust, and raised the temperature in the crust. The lower crust thus has become ductile, evidenced in low seismic velocity and high electric conductivity observed. The brittle part of the crust, driven by the visco-plastic flow of the lower crust, deforms extensively at all scales. The regions of the second category located at the borderland of the Tibetan Plateau are at the transition zone between the regions of the first and the third categories in terms of the crustal structure. Driven by the lateral boundary forces, their deformation style is also between the two, in the form of block motion and deformation with smaller blocks and less internal strength.     

硒在干酪根中的两种不同赋存状态:TEM证据

对拉尔玛Se—Au矿床和渔塘坝硒矿床中干酪根的高分辨透射电镜(TEM)研究表明，两个矿床的Se在干酪根中的赋存状态是截然不同的。前者Se在干酪根中的富集可能主要以有机结合态的形式存在，主要是取代干酪根中的硫；而后者Se在干酪根中的富集主要以超微包体Se的形式吸附在干酪根中。两种不同的赋存状态可能主要取决于干酪根中硫含量的多少以及成矿时氧化还原条件的变化。研究表明，TEM是研究元素在干酪根中赋存状态的有效手段。     

Absence of Archean basement in the South Kunlun Block: Nd-Sr-O isotopic evidence from granitoids

Abstract   The West Kunlun mountain range along the northwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau is crucial in understanding the early tectonic history of the region. It can be divided into the North and South Kunlun Blocks, of which the former is considered to be part of the Tarim Craton, whereas consensus was not reached on the nature and origin of the South Kunlun Block. Samples were collected from the 471 Ma Yirba Pluton, the 405 Ma North Kudi Pluton and the 214 Ma Arkarz Shan Intrusive Complex. These granitoids cover approximately 60% of the Kudi area in the South Kunlun Block. Sr, Nd, and O isotope compositions preclude significant involvement of mantle-derived magma in the genesis of these granitoids; therefore, they can be used to decipher the nature of lower–mid crust in the area. All samples give Mesoproterozoic Nd model ages (1.1–1.5 Ga) similar to those of the exposed metamorphic complex of this block but significantly different from those of the basement of the North Kunlun Block (2.8 Ga). This indicates that the South Kunlun Block does not have an Archean basement, and, thus, does not support the microcontinent model that suggests the South Kunlun Block was a microcontinent once separated from and later collided back with the North Kunlun Block.     

Dinosaur tracks from the Cretaceous of South Korea: Distribution, occurrences and paleobiological significance

Abstract   Abundant dinosaur fossils including dinosaur footprints, eggs and nests, teeth and bones have been found from the Cretaceous non-marine deposits of Korea. Among them, dinosaur tracks are the most distinctive, and some track sites are among the most famous in the world. Until now, 27 dinosaur track localities have been discovered from the Cretaceous strata in the Gyeongsang Basin and several small basins. Ornithopod tracks are most abundant at most Korean track sites, and most of them are identified as Caririchnium ; that is, large ornithopod footprints with wide hoof impressions. Most theropod tracks are found in Neungju Basin and they consist of various types of small or medium-sized bird-like footprints, and other large footprints. Sauropod tracks are also abundant in the Gyeongsang Basin. The sauropod tracks vary in size, shape, and pattern of trackway, and suggest that diverse sauropods existed in this area. These diverse tracks in South Korea suggest that various dinosaurs flourished at the margins of lakes distributed in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula during the Cretaceous.     

Landslide susceptibility analysis using GIS and artificial neural network

The purpose of this study is to develop landslide susceptibility analysis techniques using an arti?cial neural network and to apply the newly developed techniques to the study area of Yongin in Korea. Landslide locations were identi?ed in the study area from interpretation of aerial photographs, ?eld survey data, and a spatial database of the topography, soil type and timber cover. The landslide‐related factors (slope, curvature, soil texture, soil drainage, soil effective thickness, timber age, and timber diameter) were extracted from the spatial database. Using those factors, landslide susceptibility was analysed by arti?cial neural network methods. The landslide susceptibility index was calculated by the back‐propagation method, which is a type of arti?cial neural network method, and the susceptibility map was made with a geographic information system (GIS) program. The results of the landslide susceptibility analysis were veri?ed using landslide location data. The validation results showed satisfactory agreement between the susceptibility map and the existing data on landslide location. A GIS was used to ef?ciently analyse the vast amount of data, and an arti?cial neural network to be an effective tool to maintain precision and accuracy. The results can be used to reduce hazards associated with landslides and to plan land use and construction. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

从卫星遥感全色图像中自动提取城市目标

提出了一种从卫星遥感全色图像中自动提取城市目标的方法。在总结城市目标的卫星遥感全色图像特性的基础上 ,设计了一种层次提取的方法。首先在低分辨率图像中提取城市目标的候选区域 ;接着在候选区域内利用城市目标一些更复杂的特性在高分辨率图像中证实城市目标。为了获得城市目标的边界 ,提出了一种基于边缘点密度的算法 ,并将算法应用去提取SPOT图像中的城市目标 ,取得了较好的试验结果