气象因素对标枪成绩的影响分析

气象条件对体育比赛有着重要的作用,温度、湿度、降水、风等各种气象因素对体育比赛项目都会产生一定的影响。使用自20世纪80年代以来国内外有关气象条件对标枪项目的影响、标枪训练与投掷的技术标准、标枪项目的生物力学等方面的文献资料和有关标枪风洞实验的有关数据,重点分析了风力和风向对标枪投掷的影响。结果表明:在风速较小(顺风和侧风时风速小于6 m/s,在逆风时风速小于3 m/s)的情况下,一定的风速使标枪的飞行距离稍有增加,当风速超过6 m/s以后,飞行距离随风速的加大而减少。另外,气温和湿度对标枪运动的影响主要是在对运动员的身体状态方面,表现为对运动员的心理和生理的影响,影响运动员水平的发挥,降水、大雾等则表现为能见度差,造成比赛中止甚至取消。     

RELATION BETWEEN SUMMER TYPHOON FREQUENCY ANOMALIES IN WEST PACIFIC AND ENSO EVENTS AND THE ANOMALOUS ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION CHARACTERISTICS

By using data of serially numbered typhoons in northwestern Pacific and NOAA OLR data and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data of wind field, based on the statistics and study of the relationship between the calendar years with more (or fewer) summer typhoons and ENSO events, we compared the composites of OLR eigenvectors and tropical summer wind fields during El Nino and La Nina events with more or fewer than normal summer typhoons, respectively. The results show that, in summer, without remarkable systematic anomalies of Mascarene High and Australia High in South Hemisphere, the anomaly of Walker circulation will dominate and follow the rule of ENSO impacts to atmospheric circulation and typhoon frequency. Otherwise, when systematic anomalies of Australia High appear during the El Nino events, circulation anomalies in the South Hemisphere will dominate, and many more typhoons will occur. In 1999, which is a special year of La Nina events, northward and eastward monsoon was induced by the stronger Mascarene High, and fewer typhoons arose. The typhoon source are regions where weak vertical wind shear, warm pool in western Pacific and the area with monsoon troughs are overlapping with each other. Finally, this paper analyzes and compares the source locations and ranges of more (fewer) typhoons in the events of El Nino and La Nina, respectively.     

利用互连网发布海量地震应急信息方案

通过比较几种Internet GIS不同开发方案,详细探讨了ArcIMS地图服务软件平台的特点和功能。在Internet上开发高效的海量地理信息数据发布系统时候,涉及到超大容量的影像/图像数据,提出了解决这个问题的方案,并以构建地震应急指挥系统中的信息发布子系统为例,介绍了使用ArcIMS进行海量信息发布的实现方案。     

Comparison between earthquake magni-tudes determined by China seismograph network and US seismograph network (II): Surface wave magnitude

Introduction Earthquake magnitude is the most common measure of an earthquake′s size,and is one of the basic parameters of an earthquake.There are three most familiar scales of earthquake magnitude:ML(local earthquake magnitude),MS(surface wave magnitude)and mB/mb(body wave magni-tude).Richter(1935)introduced ML when studying earthquakes in Southern California.In1945,Gutenberg(1945a)put forward surface wave magnitude scale to determine earthquake magnitude(MS)using surface waves(20s)of s…     

气象因子对金花梨生长发育的影响

通过试验研究,探讨主要气象因子在唐河县的变化规律和对金花梨生长发育的影响,研究金花梨在遭受灾害性天气影响时,采取相应的技术措施,确保金花梨的高产、稳产。     

Characteristics of near-fault ground motion containing velocity pulses

There are many reports about the research on near-fault velocity pulses, which focus on the generation of velocity pulse and simplify the velocity pulse so as to be used in the seismic design of structure, However few researches have put emphasis on the characteristics of near-fault ground motions containing velocity pulses, especially the characteristics relevant with the design response spectrum prescribed by the code. Through collection of a large number of near-fault records containing velocity pulses, the response spectra and the characteristic periods of records containing no pulses are compared with those of records containing pulses. Response spectra of near-fault records are compared with standard spectra given by code; furthermore, the response spectra and the characteristic periods of each earthquake are compared with that given by code. The result shows that at long periods （longer than 1.5 s）, the response spectrum of pulse-containing records is bigger than the response spectrum of no-pulse-containing records; when the characteristic period of near-fault records is calculated, the method that does not fix frequency is more reasonable because the T1 and T2 have a lagging tendency; regardless of the site Ⅰ and site Ⅱ, the characteristic period of pulse-containing records is over twice bigger than the characteristic period given by the code,     

水基钻井液在陕北石油钻井中的应用

针对陕北地层特征的差异性,在分析、研究陕北靖边、甘泉、安塞、延长油区等地区100多口直井和定向丛式井的基础上,总结出一套适应该地层特征的低固相(固相含量≤8%)及无固相水基钻井液配方:在施工直井时,配制低固相水基钻井液;在施工定向丛式井时,配制无固相水基钻井液。在陕北石油钻井施工中,根据地层差异性配制的水基钻井液,解决了因地层原因引起的缩径、粘钻、坍塌和掉块等常见的钻进难题,避免了起下钻拉活塞现象和粘钻、卡钻、埋钻事故,提高了平均机械钻速和钻月效率。     

南京地区新近系含膏砂泥地层的发现及其意义

在进行南京市城市立体地质填图试点工作中,经钻探于仙林大学城发现一套新近系含膏砂泥地层,可与六合灵岩山雨花台组沉积地层对比.该地层的发现对于重新认识南京地区某些相类似断陷盆地基岩面之上的松散覆盖层的结构很有意义,对其在环境地质和工程地质中的影响进行了评述.同时,对地下水参与成矿作用进行了初步论述.     

高密度电阻率法在风化岩地基勘察中的应用

由于风化岩场地具有风化不均匀之特点,《岩土工程勘察规范》(GB 50021—2001)对这类场地的岩土工程勘察的布孔间距具有严格规定,使得这类场地的勘察工作量往往很大。分析了高密度电阻率法在这类场地中使用的可行性和必要性,结合阿尔及利亚某炼油厂岩土工程勘察的实例,剖析了高密度电阻率法对大面积风化岩地基勘察方案设计的优化。     

青藏高原羌塘北部托和平错一带二叠系展金组火山岩的特征及构造环境

西藏改则县托和平错地区展金组中发育一套早—中二叠世以玄武岩类为主、玄武安山岩次之、安山岩少量的海相火山岩组合。该火山岩中玄武岩、玄武安山岩的SiO2含量为44.43%～54.87%,TiO2含量多在4%以上,K2O+Na2O平均为4.57%,玄武岩类富K,玄武安山岩富Na。区内火山岩富集K、Ba、Th、Ta、Ce、P、Zr、Sm、Ti、Cr,亏损Rb、Nb、Hf、Sc,Y/Nb在0.322～0.499之间。综合常量元素和微量元素特征,可将该火山岩归入碱性玄武岩系列。区内火山岩从基性到中性稀土元素总量基本没有变化,REE平均为402.31×10-6,LREE/HREE为8.17～12.69,为轻稀土强烈富集型,δEu为0.93～1.04,平均为0.99,无Eu异常,玄武岩的Th/Ta值多数大于1.6。火山岩的地质特征和地球化学特征表明,本区火山岩产出的大地构造环境为冈瓦纳大陆北缘裂谷环境。