陕西八卦庙金矿成矿流体初步研究

流体包裹体可以探讨金属矿床的形成机理和矿化规律,含金石英脉是研究成矿流体的重要载体。八卦庙金矿包裹体比较发育,主要为液体包裹体、含CO：包裹体,其次是气体包裹体。成矿流体温度变化范围是146℃～467℃,成矿早阶段的温度为370℃～400℃;主成矿阶段的温度集中在190℃～280℃,平均约250℃;成矿晚阶段的温度集中在130℃～160℃。成矿流体包裹体类型主要为Na^＋-Cl^-型,少数属于Ca^2＋-Na^＋-Cl^-（-SO4^2--F^-）型。计算得到流体体系的酸碱度为弱酸性（pH值=5．6～5．8）,硫逸度分布范围是-9．551～-19．265（平均-15．430）,氧逸度分布范围是-46．011～-40．303。金主要以[Au（HS）2]^-的形式迁移,其次以[AuS]^-形式迁移,在成矿活动过程,随温度的下降和压力的降低,伴有沸腾．减压过程,是成矿溶液发生卸载的重要机制。     

Recent trends in winter temperature extremes in eastern China and their relationship with the Arctic Oscillation and ENSO

Interannual variations in the number of winter extreme warm and cold days over eastern China （EC） and their relationship with the Arctic Oscillation （AO） and E1 Nifio-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） were investigated using an updated temperature dataset comprising 542 Chinese stations during the period 1961- 2011. Results showed that the number of winter extreme warm （cold） days across EC experienced a significant increase （decrease） around the mid-1980s, which could be attributed to interdecadal variation of the East Asian Winter Monsoon （EAWM）. Probability distribution functions （PDFs） of winter temperature extremes in different phases of the AO and ENSO were estimated based on Generalized Extreme Value Distribution theory. Correlation analysis and the PDF technique consistently demonstrated that interannual variation of winter extreme cold days in the northern part of EC （NEC） is closely linked to the AO, while it is most strongly related to the ENSO in the southern part （SEC）. However, the number of winter extreme warm days across EC has little correlation with both AO and ENSO. Furthermore, results indicated that, whether before or after the mid-1980s shift, a significant connection existed between winter extreme cold days in NEC and the AO. However, a significant connection between winter extreme cold days in SEC and the ENSO was only found after the mid-1980s shift. These results highlight the different roles of the AO and ENSO in influencing winter temperature extremes in different parts of EC and in different periods, thus providing important clues for improving short-term climate prediction for winter temperature extremes.     

广西人工增雨天气形势及水汽分析

利用常规气象观测资料、气象自动站观测资料、欧洲中心ERA Interim再分析资料对2006—2015年广西飞机增雨作业期的288次小到中雨天气过程进行分析,结果表明：主要影响系统为高压后部回流、切变线、南支槽、西南涡东移、台风、西南季风影响型,其中前3类影响型占92.8%;中低层水汽主要来源于孟加拉湾、南海、东海,其中700 hPa水汽主要来源于孟加拉湾,850 hPa水汽来源于南海、孟加拉湾,925 hPa水汽来源于东海、南海;925 hPa、850 hPa出现急流的次数较少,低空水汽和能量向广西输送的强度较弱。对3种主要影响天气类型的典型个例进行分析,发现广西境内大部地区垂直累积云液态水含量≥0.05 kg/m²,说明云水含量充足,有利于飞机增雨作业的开展。     

相位校准电路原理分析及测试

该文详细地介绍了相位校准单元的电路和数学原理以及测试结果。在电路原理部分主要介绍相位校准单元的工作原理、各个关键点的波形以及用隧道二极管产生梳状谱的典型电路。数学原理主要阐述了测量梳状谱的数学依据。最后给出了该相位校准单元的测试要求和测试结果。     

汶川地震区北西向断裂带遥感分析

利用北京一号小卫星遥感影像判读汶川地震区的断裂构造,发现了一系列100km左右等间距排列的北西向断裂,结果已部分地得到实地考察验证。龙门山断裂与北西向断裂的交汇部位发生强烈地震的几率较高。这些新发现将对汶川Ms8.0级地震发生机理、龙门山断裂带活动性分段、断裂同震位移自南西向北东、由右旋走滑逆断层向右旋走滑断层转变等重大问题提供了新的合理解释。     

Early Cretaceous Metasomatized Lithospheric Mantle beneath the Central Jiangnan Orogen in South China: Geochemical and Sr-Nd Isotope Evidence from the Tuanshanbei Dolerite

It is well established that Cretaceous magmatism in the South China Block (SCB) is related to the Paleo-Pacific subduction. However, the starting time and the associated deep crust-mantle processes are still debatable. Mafic dike swarms carry important information on the deep earth (including mantle) geodynamics and geochemical evolution. In the Jiangnan Orogen (South China), there is no information on whether the Mesozoic magmatic activities in this region are also directly related to the Pacific subduction or not. In this study, we present detailed zircon U-Pb geochronological, whole-rock element and Sr-Nd isotope data for Early Cretaceous Tuanshanbei dolerite dikes, and provide new constraints on the condition of the lithospheric mantle and mantle dynamics of the SCB during that time. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating suggests that this dolerite erupted in the Early Cretaceous (~145 Ma). All samples have alkaline geochemical affinities with K2O + Na2O = 3.11–4.04 wt%, K2O/Na2O = 0.50–0.72, and Mg# = 62.24–65.13. They are enriched in LILE but depleted in HFSE with higher initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio (0.706896–0.714743) and lower εNd(t) (?2.61 to ?1.67). They have high Nb/U, Nb/La, La/Sm and Rb/Sr, and low La/Nb, La/Ta, Ce/Pb, Ba/Rb, Tb/Yb and Gd/Yb ratios. Such geochemical signatures suggest that the fractional crystallization is obvious but crustal contamination play a negligible role during magmatic evolution. Tuanshanbei dolerite were most likely derived from low-degree (2%–5%) partial melting of a phlogopite-bearing mantle material consisted of ~85% spinel peridotite and ~15% garnet peridotite previously metasomatized by asthenosphere-derived fluids/melts with minor subduction-derived fluids/melts. Slab-rollback generally lead to the upwelling of the hot asthenosphere. The upwelling of asthenosphere consuming the lithospheric mantle by thermo-mechanical-chemical erosion. The lithospheric mantle may have partially melted due to the heating by the upwelling asthenosphere and lithospheric extension. It is inferred that the Tuanshanbei dolerite might be associated with the initial slab rollback and corresponding lithospheric extension occurred potentially at ca. 145 Ma.     

利用近震高频接收函数研究四川理县西山村滑坡体结构

远震接收函数已广泛用于反演台站下方的结构,然而由于地球的非弹性衰减作用,远震数据较难获得高频接收函数,对浅地表结构约束不足.为了克服这一问题,我们使用近震数据的高频接收函数来研究浅表速度结构,并应用于四川理县西山村滑坡体上3个宽频带地震仪记录到的近震事件.本文发展了接收函数V_P-k（V_P/V_S）叠加方法,结合接收函数H-k叠加和波形反演方法获得了台站下方滑坡体的厚度、S波速度和平均V_P/V_S比,并与钻孔得到的滑坡体厚度进行对比.结果表明,滑坡体具有小尺度的横向不均匀性,台站下方滑坡体的平均V_P/V_S比在2.4~3.1之间变化并且在底层存在78~143 m·s^-1左右的S波低速层.本文观测到的高V_P/V_S比和底层低的S波速度结构,与电磁法获得的滑坡体底层低的电阻率和底部富水特征一致,表明滑坡体h1底界面的抗剪强度相对较弱,是潜在的滑坡危险区域.本文研究结果表明,利用近震接收函数能有效约束浅表的速度结构,进而能为滑坡灾害治理提供一定的地震学参考.

     

短蛸(Octopus ocellatus)酪氨酸蛋白激酶基因的克隆及其mRNA在细菌刺激后的表达规律

从前期构建的短蛸(Octopus ocellatus)c DNA文库中克隆获得了一个短蛸酪氨酸蛋白激酶(Oo Btk)基因的c DNA全长,其c DNA全长1191 bp,包括5’非编码区(UTR)259 bp,3’UTR 227 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)705 bp,编码234个氨基酸,预测理论等电点为8.50,分子量为27.7 k Da。运用实时荧光定量PCR法分析了在健康短蛸的不同组织以及鳗弧菌和藤黄微球菌刺激后血细胞中Oo Btk的表达规律,结果表明:Oo Btk在肌肉、外套膜、鳃、鳃心、系统心脏、肝胰脏、肾囊、胃、性腺和血细胞等各检测组织中均有表达,其中在肝胰脏的表达量最高;短蛸经鳗弧菌和藤黄微球菌刺激后,Oo Btk在血细胞中的表达量呈现出了明显的被诱导表达趋势,在鳗弧菌和藤黄微球菌刺激后6 h表达即增强,并分别在鳗弧菌刺激后48 h和藤黄微球菌刺激后12 h达到最高。Oo Btk参与短蛸对于鳗弧菌和藤黄微球菌刺激的应答过程。     

雄安新区牛东断裂带碳酸盐岩热储探测及其对地热勘探的启示

雄安新区在暂不考虑开采砂岩热储地热资源的前提下,探明碳酸盐岩热储东部边界断裂牛东断裂带的分布位置与地热资源品质,对新区地热资源开发利用规划的编制与整体能源利用布局均有着重要意义。以雄安新区高铁片区第一口碳酸盐岩热储勘探井D09孔的探测数据为依据,结合地震剖面解释成果,分析了牛东断裂带内碳酸盐岩热储的空间展布特征、储集层物理性质与单井产能参数,并简述其对地热勘探的指导意义。探测结果表明,牛东断裂带的碳酸盐岩热储主要为蓟县系雾迷山组含硅质的白云岩,分布在断裂西侧基岩宽缓背斜顶部,层状稳定,厚约2000m,顶板埋深1000~1200m,井口水温约70℃,单井水量约102m3/h。D09孔揭示,在距风化壳顶部678m的地层内共发育122个裂隙带,累计厚度达251.20m,裂隙发育率37%,平均孔隙度9.26%,裂隙发育率与平均孔隙度明显比断裂带外地热井高出50%。D09孔与牛东断裂带周缘地热井的地层地温梯度、地热水水化学特征、储集层导水系数等对比分析表明,垂直断距达7000m的牛东断裂带是一条导水导热的盆内隐伏型深断裂,其限定了雄安新区碳酸盐岩热储含水系统的东部边界,构成了西侧牛驼镇凸起的导水通道与东侧霸县凹陷油气运移的阻隔屏障,控制了牛驼镇凸起面积达1000km2的整装地热田的形成。     

布青山构造混杂岩带哥日卓托闪长岩体年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

对东昆仑南缘布青山构造混杂岩带哥日卓托闪长岩体进行了锆石U Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究,以便对其形成时代和岩石成因进行约束。结果表明,哥日卓托闪长岩锆石Th/U比值（0.63~1.28）较高,阴极发光图像显示锆石内部发育振荡环带,具岩浆成因特点;LA ICP MS锆石U Pb年龄为225.8±1.5Ma（MSWD=0.53）,表明其形成时代为晚三叠世早期。岩体的SiO2含量在53.07％~58.74％之间,Al2O3（14.66％~16.17％）含量相对较高,全碱含量较低（4.76％~6.04％）,高钾（1.60％~2.90％）,里特曼指数σ在1.69~2.66之间,属高钾钙碱性系列。稀土元素总量（∑REE）为158.36×10-6~211.50×10-6,δEu为0.85~0.97,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,具有弱的负铕异常。高场强元素（Nb、Ta、P等）和大离子亲石元素（Ba、Sr、Ti等）具有明显的负异常,而Rb、U、La、Hf、Nd等元素具有明显的正异常。哥日卓托闪长岩形成于高温环境（800℃±）,具有后碰撞岩浆活动的特征,是东昆仑地块与巴颜喀拉地块碰撞后地壳部分熔融的产物。