河南省科研院所科技产业化融资问题研究

科技产业化是科研院所科技资源转化为经济效益、科研成果转化为现实生产力最直接的方式,而有效的融资是科技产业化的必备条件。河南省的科研院所是河南省科技创新的重要源泉。文章在提出该省科研院所科技产业化必要性的基础上,分析了科技产业化融资存在的问题、科研院所科技产业化所需的融资环境,并提出了解决融资问题的对策措施。     

井地直流电法三维数值模拟中若干问题研究

讨论了地下垂直线源分段计算和场叠加的方法,并实现了在套管上供直流电的三维数值模拟。讨论了大型容量矩阵的压缩存储方式,采用数组和结构体相结合的方法实现容量矩阵的一维链表式压缩存储。在求解超大型稀疏线形方程组时引入不完全Cholesky分解稳定化的双共轭梯度算法(ICBG),通过与均匀半空间垂直线源解析解的对比,证明了该算法是准确可靠的。     

海洋胶体与痕量金属的相互作用

痕量金属的胶体结合态是海洋中金属的一种相当普遍的存在形式。胶体与痕量金属之间的相互作用影响着痕量金属在海水中的形态、迁移、生物可利用性及其归宿。总结了海洋胶体态金属的存在及其显著性,概述了胶体对金属在河口混合过程中行为的影响,并简要讨论了胶体在海水中痕量金属的固液相分配中的作用。     

WAAS对流层延迟模型及其在网络RTK中的应用

对流层延迟误差是GPS定位中的一项主要误差源,一般可采用模型改正或待定参数的方法进行处理。本文首先介绍如何使用WAAS模型进行对流层延迟改正,然后给出一种网络RTK的对流层延迟误差的处理方法,最后通过对实测数据的处理,证明本文方法可有效地用于网络RTK用户对流层延迟实时改正和分析。     

相对论框架下时间系统转换及SOFA软件的教学应用

为了探讨相对论框架下时间系统的转换,并分析其相互转化精度,采用基础天文标准库(SOFA)提供的关于地球姿态、时间尺度和历法的一系列程序集,研究了相对论框架下几种时间系统的定义及其之间的相互转换,利用SOFA软件实现了其转换并分析了其自恰性,对于该软件的教学和研究使用起到了示范作用.     

青藏东缘马关地幔岩包体的岩石学与矿物学研究

对青藏东缘新生代马关地区高钾岩系中地幔岩包体的岩石学和矿物化学成分的研究表明:马关地幔岩包体属尖晶石相橄榄岩,岩石类型主要为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩,矿物组合为橄榄石(O l) 斜方辉石(O px) 单斜辉石(Cpx) 尖晶石(Sp l),含极少量金云母和角闪石。橄榄石以贵橄榄石为主,部分为镁橄榄石,其Fo值为89.72~90.47,M g#值为89.75~90.51;斜方辉石的En分子为88.00~89.59,M g#值为90.21~91.16,C r#值为3.31~6.23;单斜辉石主要为透辉石,少量为顽透辉石,成分上表现为高C a(wC aO=18.71%~20.78%)、高A l(wA l2O3=6.00%~7.30%)、高M g#值(89.93~91.57)和低C r#值(5.13~8.74);尖晶石为铬尖晶石,其w(C r2O3)为7.62%~12.88%。矿物化学成分指示:马关尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体属A型包体,为低度熔融后的大陆地幔橄榄岩。温压估算表明,马关尖晶石相二辉橄榄岩包体的平衡温压分别为900℃~1 150℃和1.29 GPa~2.20 GPa(相当于地下深度45 km~71 km),其上地幔地温曲线与大洋地温曲线一致,显示马关地区岩石圈地幔具有很高的热流值,暗示青藏东缘及邻区于0~16 M a期间有热的软流圈地幔上涌,地幔上涌在构造上的响应即是青藏东缘乃至整个东亚地区区域性岩石圈的东-西向伸展。     

钱家店铀矿床表生含氧含铀流体与深层酸性含烃流体的耦合成矿作用——来自岩心蚀变矿物填图的证据

以岩心光谱蚀变矿物填图为主要研究手段,结合野外地质编录、偏光显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针能谱分析、氢氧同位素测试等方法,对开鲁盆地钱家店砂岩型铀矿床85个有效钻孔岩心开展了系统的蚀变矿物填图和矿物学研究。结果表明:①主要含矿层上白垩统姚家组蚀变矿物主要有黏土矿物(高岭石、蒙脱石、伊利石、伊/蒙混层及局部绿泥石)、铁的三价氧化物、黄铁矿、碳酸盐(方解石、白云石、铁白云石)等,它们呈现明显的分带特征:氧化带为高含量的"高岭石+Fe³⁺氧化物"组合、过渡带为中等含量的"高岭石+蒙脱石(伊/蒙混层)"+高含量的"黄铁矿+铁白云石"组合;还原带则主要为高含量的"蒙脱石(伊/蒙混层)+伊利石+黄铁矿"组合,矿体主要分布在氧化-还原过渡带和高岭石变化的梯度带上,并见有明显的高岭石、黄铁矿、铁白云石富集。②含氧含铀流体主要来自于WS、WN方向,其次为ES方向(也可能是WS向流体的分支),酸性含烃流体主要来自于NE向的断裂构造,流体温度介于40～120℃,两种不同性质流体的耦合作用是该地区的主成矿作用。③主成矿事件应发生在白兴吐"天窗"构造隆升之后,构造天窗在成矿系统中主要承担着还原...     

兴文世界地质公园的旅游循环经济模式探讨

随着旅游经济的飞速发展,旅游环境问题日趋严重。本文将循环经济的新理念引入到兴文世界地质公园的旅游中,可构建旅游循环经济的新型发展模式。在兴文旅游循环经济中形成三大循环:旅游小循环——四大景区内部的旅游资源的循环利用;旅游中循环——旅游业与其他产业部门之间的循环,组织生态产业链联结不同的产业部门,形成共享资源和互换副产品的产业组合;旅游大循环——整个社会的循环,大力发展绿色消费市场和资源回收产业,完成"旅游资源——旅游产品——旅游再生资源"的闭合环路。这三种旅游循环模式的整合使整个兴文县经济、社会及环境相互协调,从而实现旅游资源的循环利用和旅游环境的可持续发展。     

基于最优加权组合的甘肃金川矿14行风井变形预测

金川14行风井直接关系到矿山的安全生产。本文建立了3种单一预测模型,并根据最优加权组合原理得到了最优加权组合预测模型。最优加权组合预测模型包含了单一模型的有效信息,提高了变形的预测精度。最优加权组合预测模型的模型精度与权重分配与单一模型的选取有关。作为一种短期预测模型,得出金川14行风井在近两个半年会保持稳态变形,不会出现大的突变。     

Metamorphism of ultrahigh‐pressure eclogites from the Kebuerte Valley,South Tianshan,NW China: phase equilibria and P–T path

Eclogites from the Kebuerte Valley, Chinese South Tianshan, consist of garnet, omphacite, phengite, paragonite, glaucophane, hornblendic amphibole, epidote, quartz and accessory rutile, titanite, apatite and carbonate minerals with occasional presence of coesite or quartz pseudomorphs after coesite. The eclogites are grouped into two: type I contains porphyroblastic garnet, epidote, paragonite and glaucophane in a matrix dominated by omphacite where the proportion of omphacite and garnet is >50 vol.%; and type II contains porphyroblastic epidote in a matrix consisting mainly of fine‐grained garnet, omphacite and glaucophane where the proportion of omphacite and garnet is <50 vol.%. Garnet in both types of eclogites mostly exhibits core–rim zoning with increasing grossular (X_gr) and pyrope (X_py) contents, but a few porphyroblastic garnet grains in type I eclogite shows core–mantle zoning with increasing X_py and a slight decrease in X_gr, and mantle–rim zoning with increases in both X_gr and X_py. Garnet rims in type I eclogite have higher X_py than in type II. Petrographic observations and phase equilibria modelling with pseudosections calculated using thermocalc in the NCKMnFMASHO system for three representative samples suggest that the eclogites have experienced four stages of metamorphism: stage I is the pre‐peak temperature prograde heating to the pressure peak (P_max) which was recognized by the garnet core–mantle zoning with increasing X_py and decreasing X_gr. The P–T conditions at P_max constrained from garnet mantle or core compositions with minimum X_gr content are 29–30 kbar at 526–540 °C for type I and 28.2 kbar at 518 °C for type II, suggesting an apparent thermal gradient of ～5.5 °C km^?1. Stage II is the post‐P_max decompression and heating to the temperature peak (T_max), which was modelled from the garnet zoning with increasing X_gr and X_py contents. The P–T conditions at T_max, defined using the garnet rim compositions with maximum X_py content and the Si content in phengite, are 24–27 kbar at 590 °C for type I and 22 kbar at 540 °C for type II. Stage III is the post‐T_max isothermal decompression characterized by the decomposition of lawsonite, which may have resulted in the release of a large amount of fluid bound in the rocks, leading to the formation of epidote, paragonite and glaucophane porphyroblasts. Stage IV is the late retrograde evolution characterized by the overprint of hornblendic amphibole in eclogite and the occurrence of epidote–amphibole facies mineral assemblages in the margins or in the strongly foliated domains of eclogite blocks due to fluid infiltration. The P–T estimates obtained from conventional garnet–clinopyroxene–phengite thermobarometry for the Tianshan eclogites are roughly consistent with the P–T conditions of stage II at T_max, but with large uncertainties in temperature. On the basis of these metamorphic stages or P–T paths, we reinterpreted that the recently reported zircon U–Pb ages for eclogite may date the T_max stage or the later decompression stage, and the widely distributed (rutile‐bearing) quartz veins in the eclogite terrane may have originated from the lawsonite decomposition during the decompression stage rather than from the transition from blueschist to eclogite as previously proposed.