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161.
The new calculations of the Oiv temperature-sensitive EUV line ratios are presented and compared with previous results. 相似文献
162.
163.
164.
M. A. P. Torres J. Casares I. G. Martínez-Pais P. A. Charles 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2002,334(1):233-240
We present a library of 47 open-cluster integrated spectra, mostly obtained at CASLEO (San Juan, Argentina) in the range 3600 < λ < 7400 Å , which are made available at CDS. The data are combined with previous spectra to obtain 10 high signal-to-noise ratio basic templates in the young and intermediate-age domains, which are also provided in the library. These Galactic disc templates represent the increased time resolution spectral evolution of a stellar population unit around the Solar metallicity level. The improved signal-to-noise ratio of the present templates with respect to previous template lists, together with their increased time resolution, allowed us to improve the fundamental parameters of some open clusters. The present spectral library will be useful for several astrophysical applications, particularly for population syntheses of star-forming giant galaxies. 相似文献
165.
V. Garnier D. Ohnenstetter G. Giuliani P. Blanc D. Schwarz 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2002,76(3-4):179-193
Summary ?Mong Hsu rubies of the “trapiche” type are sporadically seen in the gem market. However, they have never been described in
the field. The study of the nature of solid inclusions, the variation of trace-element contents, as well as the cathodoluminescence
behaviour of six “trapiche” rubies permit the conclusion that these rubies crystallised in the same geological environment
(marble-type deposit) as the normal rubies from Mong Hsu: (1) Cr and V are the main chromophorous elements in both ruby types;
they act, together with Ti, as activators or quenchers for cathodoluminescence; (2) calcite, dolomite, rutile, mica, diaspore,
apatite, chlorite, and feldspar are solid inclusions found in both ruby types; (3) the presence of bastn?site in trapiche
ruby and fluorite in non-trapiche ruby indicates the circulation of F-bearing fluids during ruby deposition; (4) the distribution
of trace-element contents in the crystal is similar for both ruby types. In the Cr2O3 vs. Fe2O3 and Cr2O3 vs. Fe2O3/TiO2 diagrams, the population fields of Mong Hsu “trapiche” and non-“trapiche” rubies overlap. They are distinct from those of
rubies and sapphires hosted in basalts from South-east Asia.
Received October 30, 2001; revised version accepted March 25, 2002 相似文献
166.
We present 2-D, fully compressible radiation-MHD simulations of the solar photospheric and subphotospheric layers that run for 2 hours of solar time starting from a magnetic configuration with mixed polarities. In the atmospheric layers the simulation reveals a correlation between field strength and inclination, with a nearly vertical strong-field magnetic component and a more horizontal weak-field component, in agreement with the observations. Our simulation also shows that magnetic flux is converted from one of these states to the other. In particular, magnetic flux sheets can also be formed when a new downflow lane starts due to granule fragmentation. The dynamics of the granulation and field-line reconnection are found to play a role in the initial stages of a magnetic element's formation. The simulation predicts that during or shortly after their formation magnetic elements could be associated with oppositely polarized flux at a small spatial scale. 相似文献
167.
K. C. WELTEN K. NISHIIZUMI J. MASARIK M. W. CAFFEE A. J. T. JULL S. E. KLANDRUD R. WIELER 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2001,36(2):301-317
Abstract— We measured the concentrations of 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl, 41Ca and 14C in the metal and/or stone fractions of 27 Antarctic chondrites from Frontier Mountain (FRO), including two large H‐chondrite showers. To estimate the pre‐atmospheric size of the two showers, we determined the contribution of neutron‐capture produced 36Cl (half‐life = 3.01 times 105 years) and 41Ca (1.04 times 105 years) in the stone fraction. The measured activities of neutron‐capture 36Cl and 41Ca, as well as spallation produced 10Be and 26Al, were compared with Monte Carlo‐based model calculations. The largest shower, FRO 90174, includes eight fragments with an average terrestrial age of (100 ± 30) × 103 years; the neutron‐capture saturation activities extend to 27 dpm/kg stone for 36Cl and 19 dpm/kg stone for 41Ca. The concentrations of spallation produced 10Be, 26Al and 36Cl constrain the radius (R) to 80–100 cm, while the neutron‐capture 41Ca activities indicate that the samples originated from the outer 25 cm. With a pre‐atmospheric radius of 80–100 cm, FRO 90174 is among the largest of the Antarctic stony meteorites. The large pre‐atmospheric size supports our hypothesis that at least 50 of the ~150 classified H5/H6‐chondrites from the Frontier Mountain stranding area belong to this single fall; this hypothesis does not entirely account for the high H/L ratio at Frontier Mountain. The smaller shower, FRO 90001, includes four fragments with an average terrestrial age of (40 ± 10) × 103 years; they contain small contributions of neutron‐capture 36Cl, but no excess of 41Ca. FRO 90001 experienced a complex exposure history with high shielding conditions in the first stage (150 < R < 300 cm) and much lower shielding in the second stage (R < 30 cm), the latter starting ~1.0 million years (Ma) ago. Based on the measured 10Be/21Ne and 26Al/21Ne ratios, the cosmic‐ray exposure ages of the two showers are 7.2 ± 0.5 Ma for FRO 90174 and 8 ± 1 Ma for FRO 90001. These ages coincide with the well‐established H‐chondrite peak and corroborate the observation that the exposure age distribution of FRO H‐chondrites is similar to that of non‐Antarctic falls. In addition, we found that corrections for neutron‐capture 36Ar (from decay of 36Cl) result in concordant 21Ne and 38Ar exposure ages. 相似文献
168.
K.A. MAASCH P.A. MAYEWSKI E.J. ROHLING J.C. STAGER W. KARLEN L.D. MEEKER E.A. MEYERSON 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2005,87(1):7-15
ABSTRACT. Although considerable attention has been paid to the record of temperature change over the last few centuries, the range and rate of change of atmospheric circulation and hydrology remain elusive. Here, eight latitudinally well-distributed (pole-equator-pole), highly resolved (annual to decadal) climate proxy records are presented that demonstrate major changes in these variables over the last 2000 years. A comparison between atmospheric 14 C and these changes in climate demonstrates a first-order relationship between a variable Sun and climate. The relationship is seen on a global scale. 相似文献
169.
Nucleosynthetic yields and production rates of helium and heavy elements are derived using new initial mass functions which
take into account the recent revisions in O star counts and the stellar models of Maeder (1981a, b) which incorporate the
effects of massloss on evolution. The current production rates are significantly higher than the earlier results due to Chiosi
& Caimmi (1979) and Chiosi (1979), and a near-uniform birthrate operating over the history of the galactic disc explains the
currently observed abundances. However, the yields are incompatibly high, and to obtain agreement it is necessary to assume
that stars above a certain mass do not explode but proceed to total collapse. Further confirmation of this idea comes from
the consideration of the specific yields and production rates of oxygen, carbon and iron and the constraints imposed by the
observational enrichment history in the disc as discussed by Twarog & Wheeler (1982). Substantial amounts of4He and14C, amongst the primary synthesis species, are contributed by the intermediate mass stars in their wind phases. If substantial
numbers of them exploded as Type I SN, their contribution to the yields of12C and56Fe would be far in excess of the requirements of galactic nucleosynthesis. Either efficient massloss precludes such catastrophic
ends for these stars, or the current stellar models are sufficiently in error to leave room for substantial revisions in the
specific yields. The proposed upward revision of the12C (α,γ)16O rate may produce the necessary changes in stellar yields to provide a solution to this problem. Stars that produce most
of the metals in the Galaxy are the same ones that contribute most to the observed supernova rate. 相似文献
170.