东半球跨赤道气流季节变化及其在EL NINO年的异常

利用1979年1月到1987年12月美国国家气象中心六个层次的月平均风场资料,分析了东半球跨赤道气流的季节变化及其年际异常。得到冬、夏跨赤道气流的输送集中在对流层下部,冬季向南,夏季向北;春、秋跨赤道气流的输送集中在对流层上部,春季向北,秋季向南。低层跨赤道气流位置稳定,南北风方向转换时间为3月和11月;高层跨赤道气流位置变化较大,南北风转换时间为6月和1月。在El Nino年,跨赤道气流出现明显的异常,但表现形式不尽相同。ElNino年,夏季下层跨赤道气流稳定建立的时间比正常年推迟2—3候,且季内变化大,稳定维持时间短。     

A NUMERICAL EXPERIMENT WITH THE EFFECT OF A COMPLICATED TERRAIN ON THE MESOSCALE SYSTEMS

Improvement in two aspects is done of the one-level mesoscale numerical model of Mass et al.(1985)and the re-vised model is used to make a simulation of a severe convective weather process in North China,with the result showingthe pronounced effects of the topography upon the mesoscale systems.     

岳阳地区大暴雨及连续暴雨过程分类分析

岳阳地区位于洞庭湖与长江交汇之处,雨季中湖区水位常常猛涨,防汛紧张。加之我区暴雨频繁,其中尤以大暴雨、连续暴雨的危害更大,因此暴雨研究成为天气预报中急待解决的重要课题。本文是对我区1958—1974年(17年)的大暴雨、连续暴雨过程进行初步的分类分析。 我们确定我区华容、临湘、岳阳、湘阴、汨罗、平江等六县中有日雨量达100毫米以上为全区一次大暴雨过程;五天阴雨中,本地区出现三个暴雨日为全区一次连续暴雨过程。据此统计,十七年内有大暴雨过程20次,连续暴雨过程7次。这20次大暴雨过程全部发生在5—7月份,以6月份为最多。7次连续暴雨的过程全部出现在6月份(见表1)。因此6月份,尤     

ZD9A型地电场仪的架设与调试分析

通过对新疆乌恰地震台附近的地形地貌，水文地质勘察以及介质的电学特性进行了科学的分析论证，认为，该台址条件有利于地电场仪的观测。ZD9A型地电场仪在该台架设与调试后，通过对该仪器的各项仪器指标、观测记录和标定结果的检测分析后，认为，该仪器的各项指标达到了规范的要求，工作正常，并且记录到了正常的地电场日变化形态。此次架台的成功为进一步开展地电场观测工作和为地震预报提供前兆资料奠定了基础。     

磁暴期间极光椭圆与极盖区电离层效应比较研究——F区负暴

联合利用EISCAT和E-Svalbard非相干散射雷达数据,研究l997年5月强磁暴期间向阳侧极盖与极光椭圆区电离层F区负暴.发现在磁暴主相和恢复相初期,极光椭圆和极盖区电离层都在大约l90km高度出现类似F1的峰,F2主峰完全消失,F区电子密度大幅度下降.但离子温度的变化在两个区域很不相同,在极光椭圆区大幅度升高,而在极盖区没有显著变化,反映出引起F区负暴的主要机制在两个区域不尽相同.强对流电场引起大气焦耳加热与离子增温而使O+离子消失的化学反应速率增大所导致的电离损失,对极光椭圆区负暴起主要作用;而输运过程,特别是持续长达数小时的沿场上行离子流,对极盖区负暴起重要作用.磁暴主相期间,当EISCAT雷达位于等离子体对流涡旋转换区下方时,在无焦耳加热与离子摩擦增温的情况下,观测到由顶部电离层O+离子沿场高速外流引起的F区电子密度耗空.     

Ion Probe Study of Silicate Inclusions from Colomera (ⅡE) Iron Meteorite: the Rare Earth Element Perspective

Coupled with a petrographical study, I carried out an ion probe study of rare earth element microdistributions in mineral phases of silicate inclusions from the Colomera ⅡE iron meteorite. Most mineral grains have homogeneous REEs, but show considerable inter-grain variations by a factor of 2 to 100. The whole rock REE abundances for Colomera, estimated by combining REE data with modal abundances, are relatively LREE-enriched with REEs of -10'CI, which suggest that Colomera silicates were highly differentiated and might represent a low degree partial melt (-10%) of a chondritic source. REE geochemistry of Colomera silicate inclusions points to an origin that involves differentiation, dynamic mixing, remelting, reduction, recrystallization, and subsequent rapid cooling near the surface of a planetary body.     

一次回流降水过程的中尺度分析

该文对１９９１年５月２４－２５日华北回流天气过程作了分析，认为：（１）回流降水结构，在低层东北气流冷垫与中高层西南暖湿气流共同作用下，形成暖锋降水云系，有利于进行人工催化作用；（２）边界层出现冷空气活动，与降水增强有密切联系；（３）深厚的逆温层，同时也是东北风与西南风的过渡层。逆温层上下，风的垂直切变很大，以致整层的理查逊数Ｒｉ＜１，是导致降水增强的一种机制。     

On the fairness of the main galaxy sample of SDSS

Flux-limited and volume-limited galaxy samples are constructed from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey(SDSS)data releases DR4,DR6 and DR7 for statistical analysis.The two-point correlation functionsξ(s),monopole of three-point correlation functionsζ0,projected two-point correlation function wp and pairwise velocity dispersionσ12 are measured to test if galaxy samples are fair for these statistics.We find that with the increment of sky coverage of subsequent data releases in SDSS, ξ(s)of the flux-limited sample is...     

A computational method to help identify and measure metallines in high resolution QSO spectra

A computational code is developed to help identify metal absorption linesin high resolution QSO spectra,especially in the Lyα forest.The input to the codeincludes a list of line central wavelengths,column densities and Doppler widths.Thecode then searches for candidate metal absorption systems and assesses the probability that each system could be real.The framework of the strategy we employ isdescribed in detail and we discuss how to estimate the errors in line profile fitting thatare essential to identifi...