末次间冰期之后劳伦和科迪勒拉冰盖的形成与发展

末次冰期年代确定中的一个基本问题是能被应用于确定事件年代而又大于放射性碳的测定限度的可靠的测年方法太少，最近10-20a来新测试技术的发展和应用已加深了我们对晚第四纪事件的了解，然而，对于确定事件的年代和分析这些事件依然受到限制．     

Anthropogenic influence on the organic fraction of sediments in two contrasting estuaries: a biochemical approach

Abundance and biochemical composition of organic materials in sediments of the estuaries of Mundaka and Bilbao (SE Bay of Biscay) were analysed to assess the effect of organic wastes released to these systems. Organic and labile contents were higher in the sediments of Bilbao, denoting organic enrichment with poorly decomposed materials by human dumping. Spatially, organic matter distribution skewed seaward in Bilbao and upward in Mundaka, in agreement with the location of major point sources of sewage. Labile material, proteins and protein:carbohydrate ratio showed upward increases in both estuaries, attributed to the oxygen restrictive conditions to decompose organic materials. Vertical distribution of organic components into sediments reflected the history of human activities. In Bilbao, the significant reduction of organic and labile compounds, and the decrease of protein:carbohydrate values in top layers seem a result of recent remedial actions to reduce urban sewage inputs and improve environmental conditions. Higher contributions of proteins and lipids were associated with anthropogenic materials, and higher contributions of carbohydrates with autochthonous materials. High protein:carbohydrate values indicate poorly decomposed materials of human origin. The close relationship of carbohydrates with chloropigments in Mundaka suggests that phytobenthic populations and derived detritus contributed to a greater extent to the organic fraction in this estuary.     

武夷山甜槠天然林含碳率与碳贮量研究

选取武夷山甜槠天然林为研究对象,对其乔木层、灌木层、草本层、枯枝落叶层、土壤层进行了碳贮量研究．结果表明：乔木层不同器官的含碳率表现为：C皮〉C叶〉C干〉C枝〉根,灌木层不同器官的含碳率表现为：C干〉C枝〉C根〉C叶,草本层是地上部分含碳率大于地下部分,枯枝落叶层的含碳率表现为：C叶〉C枝〉C果,土壤层的含碳率随着土壤...     

Continental- Margin Structure of Northeast China and Its Adjacent Areas

The continental margin of Northeast China and its adjacent areas is composed of two tectonic belts. The inner belt is a collage made up of fragments resulting from breakup of an old land with the north part related to the evolution of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean and the south part to the evolution of the Palaeo - Pacific Ocean. The outer belt is a Mesozoic terrane, which is a melange made up of fragments of the Late Palaeozoic to Early Mesozoic oceanic crust and the Late M esozoic trench accumulations.There existed another ocean-the Palaeo - Pacific Ocean during the period from the closing of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean to the opening of the modern Pacific Ocean or from the Devonian to Jurassic, and the ocean-floor spreading of the Palaeo - Pacific Ocean led to the formation of the above-mentioned tectonic belts. The development of the strike-slip fault system after the Late Jurassic and the formation of an epicontinental volcano -plutonic rock belt in the Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary are attributed to the i     

开发旅游农业大有可为

开发旅游农业大有可为江华（华南农业大学经贸学院，广州，５１０６４２）农业是提供食品和初级工业原料的基础产业，它的一个重要特点就是对自然地理环境的强烈依赖。这就决定了各农业生产项目在不同地域的差异性和产品的独特性。因此在进行农业综合开发的过程中人们往往...     

专题地图学的系统方法

1992年德国柏林自由大学出版了著名教授U.Freitag的论文集《Cartographic Conceptions》。我们认为其中有些论文应介绍给我国地图学界的同仁,故而与作者进行了联系,U.Freitag教授函复说:“……当然,你们可以选择并译出任何对中国读者适用的文章。”为此本刊组织翻译了其中几篇,今后将陆续刊载,以飨读者。     

THE GEOMETRY OF MULTIVARIATE OBJECT PREPROCESSING

The geometric properties of three common object-preprocessing transformations(constant sum,orclosure;constant length,or normalization;and maximum value,or ratioing)are investigated.Anargument is made for using absolute values in the constant sum and maximum value transformations.In general,each transformation distorts the shape and dimensionality of patterns in the data:transformed data lie on(C-l)-dimensional surfaces in the original C-dimensional space.A data set thathas been closed by one of these transformations can be reopened if a vector containing the constant sums,constant lengths or maximum values of the original objects was retained.Transformed data sets may befreely interconverted among these three transformations without the loss of information.     

白垩纪末期生物大批死亡引起的环境变化及其演化意义

DSDP 524区中生代最晚期和第三纪最早期的沉积物中,保存着白垩纪末期环境变化和生物演化的详细纪录。我们对该孔进行了加密取样,样品间距大致相当于100年或1000年的时间间隔,同时对样品进行了碳酸盐含量、微量元素成分及碳氧同位素分析。我们所得到的数据可以解释为白垩纪末期生物大批死亡的结果,当时大量远洋地区的生物扫地以尽。养料锐减导致部分从河流带来的溶解CO_2转移到大气圈,致使在长达40,000年的时间内,空气中的CO_2剧增。由此产生的温室效应就是氧同位素所揭示的温度升高的原因。 第三纪最早期沉积物中,包括来自“白垩纪生物群”中的化石,有的已经过再沉积作用,有的则是这场灾难的最后幸存者。我们的资料表明,大量远洋生物的灭绝是在第三纪最早期的不利环境中发生的。而这种异常的环境则是生物大批死亡的结果,且持续有几千年之久。恐龙就是因为温度灾难性升高产生的热异常而灭绝的。 大洋中生物大批灭绝的原因,与巨大的天外星体的陨落有关,界线附近的铱异常即其标志,我们的资料与许靖华不久前发表的彗星冲击说是不抵触的。