Resonant cyclotron scattering in pulsar magnetospheres and its application to isolated neutron stars

Resonant cyclotron scattering(RCS)in pulsar magnetospheres is considered.The photon diffusion equation(Kompaneets equation)for RCS is derived.The photon system is modeled three dimensionally.Numerical calculations show that there exist not only up scattering but also down scattering of RCS,depending on the parameter space.RCS's possible applications to spectral energy distributions of magnetar candidates and radio quiet isolated neutron stars(INSs)are pointed out.The optical/UV excess of INSs may be caused by the down scattering of RCS.The calculations for RX J1856.5-3754 and RX J0720.4-3125 are presented and compared with their observational data.In our model,the INSs are proposed to be normal neutron stars,although the quark star hypothesis is still possible.The low pulsation amplitude of INSs is a natural consequence in the RCS model.     

A magnetically driven origin for the low luminosity GRB 170817A associated with GW170817

The gamma-ray burst GR170817 A associated with GW170817 is subluminous and subenergetic compared with other typical short gamma-ray bursts. It may be due to a relativistic jet viewed off-axis, or a structured jet or cocoon emission. Giant flares from magnetars may possibly be ruled out.However, the luminosity and energetics of GRB 170817 A are coincident with those of magnetar giant flares. After the coalescence of a binary neutron star, a hypermassive neutron star may be formed. The hypermassive neutron star may have a magnetar-strength magnetic field. During the collapse of this hypermassive neutron star, magnetic field energy will also be released. This giant-flare-like event may explain the luminosity and energetics of GRB 170817 A. Bursts with similar luminosity and energetics are expected in future neutron star-neutron star or neutron star-black hole mergers.     

新疆及西邻中亚地区地质构造环境与成矿系列

新疆及中亚地区金属矿产丰富.该文研究了前寒武纪古陆、古裂谷、古生代活动大陆边缘、被动大陆边缘、裂陷槽,碰撞造山带及构造岩浆活化带,后碰撞伸展期的裂谷,晚古生代上叠盆地和中-新生代克拉通盆地等地质构造环境中的成矿建造及相关的Cu,Pb,Zn,Au,Mo,Sn,W,Sb,V,Ti,Fe,Mn,U等中亚的主要金属矿产.划分出20个与大地构造环境和一定成矿建造相关的成矿系列,阐述了各成矿系列的主要特征及代表性矿床.这对成矿顸测和找矿有现实意义.     

大火成岩省的类型、成因及其地球系统意义

大火成岩省指的是板块内部在相对短的时间间隔内(通常<3 Ma)巨量的岩浆喷发和侵入形成的火成岩省(面积超过10⁵ km²,体积超过10⁵ km³)。自此概念提出至今,在许多方面都取得了重要进展,但对于其成因以及对大陆裂解、物质循环、环境效应、生物灭绝等方面还存在着诸多争论。本文在回顾大火成岩省定义及其演变的基础上,对上述问题进行了全面的讨论,内容包括：(1)镁铁质大火成岩省(MLIP)成因的地幔柱模型及其存在的问题;(2)水在MLIP形成过程中的作用;(3) MLIP成因的其他替代模型;(4)硅质大火成岩省(SLIP)的成因及其与MLIP之间的关系;(5)大火成岩省和超大陆裂解之间的耦合关系;(6)大火成岩省与碳、硫循环及其对全球环境和生物大规模绝灭的影响;(7)大火成岩省与全球海平面升高、温室效应以及大洋缺氧事件的关系;(8)大火成岩省的地表地形效应。最后提出了大火成岩省研究中有待解决的几个重要问题和可能的解决思路。     

Pulsar timing residuals due to individual non-evolving gravitational wave sources

The pulsar timing residuals induced by gravitational waves from non- evolving single binary sources are affected by many parameters related to the relative positions of the pulsar and the gravitational wave sources. We will analyze the various effects due to different parameters. The standard deviations of the timing residuals will be calculated with a variable parameter fixing a set of other parameters. The or- bits of the binary sources will be generally assumed to be elliptical. The influences of different eccentricities on the pulsar timing residuals will also be studied in detail. We find that the effects of the related parameters are quite different, and some of them display certain regularities.     

一次大雾天气过程的分析

利用高空、地面探测资料以及卫星云图和天气雷达资料,对2007年11月6日清晨至上午发生在通辽市科尔沁区及通辽市南部科左后旗的一次大雾天气进行了分析。结果表明:这次大雾为辐射雾,因前一日通辽市南部受低空高压脊外围的影响,西南气流将渤海以及南方的水汽输送上来,使通辽市南部有了充沛的水汽储备,加之地面形势以均压区为主,气压梯度小,风速弱,晴朗少云,近地面有逆温层,这些都为辐射雾的形成提供了很好的条件,另外从多普勒雷达产品上也反映了一些雾的特征。     

Anomalous Variation of VLF Signals in the Total Solar Eclipse of 22nd July 2009

Using the sudden ionospheric disturbance (SID) monitor provided by the Stanford University, the very low frequency (VLF) signals were observed in Nanjing during the total solar eclipse on 22nd July 2009. It is found that the intensity of the VLF signal varied anomalously during the total solar eclipse, exhibiting the effect similar to the sunrise and sunset, and that the intensity of the VLF signal strongly fluctuated, exhibiting the effect similar to thunderbolts. Moreover, the signal intensity enhanced in short periods both before and after the total eclipse. Based on the discussion on the reliability of the observed data and the comparison with the previous observations, it is found that the ionosphere exhibits some variations previous to the total solar eclipse.     

闪电宽带电场三维定位及其回波特征

利用自制闪电宽带电场三维定位系统, 分析了山东地区一次雷暴过程闪电三维时空结构。结果表明, 在云内击穿放电整个时间序列中, 辐射源空间分布（对应强电场区分布）呈现明显的三极性分层电荷结构, 并分布在3个高度层次： 6~8 km为上部正电荷区, 4~6 km为中部负电荷, 2.5~4 km为下部次正电荷区。云内放电首先出现在中部负电荷区, 然后产生向上发展的负流光进入上部正电荷区传输, 形成向上发展的云闪; 随着雷暴发展, 产生向下发展的负流光进入下部次正电荷区, 形成向下发展的云闪, 且能维持到雷暴发展后期。结合雷达回波分析表明, 雷达回波的强度影响着闪电活动, 强回波区的增加会使得强电场区域增加, 但是强电场区域并不与最强回波区域对应, 除下部正电荷区的底部会有部分辐射源出现在回波强度为40~50 dBz的区域中以外, 大多数的辐射源出现在25~35 dBz的中等回波区范围内, 强回波区域中通常较少出现击穿放电。     

近江牡蛎的染色体组型

以近江牡蛎的担轮幼虫为材料,采用秋水仙素——低渗处理——空气干燥制片法制作染色体标本,对其核型进行分析,结果表明,近江牡蛎体细胞染色体数目2n=20,NF=40,核型公式为20m。     

基于Paxos的强一致性复制在天文数据存储中的应用研究

随着新一代天文观测技术的快速发展,观测设备所获得的科学数据迅猛增长,传统的外挂式存储设备已经难以满足海量观测数据的近实时存储和同步数据处理的需求。基于廉价硬件的分布式存储系统是解决当前天文观测数据存储的有效手段。由于廉价硬件节点发生故障的概率相对较高,为了确保科学观测和数据的可靠存储,提出了一种基于Paxos的改进的分布式软件多副本复制算法。实验表明,在针对大于1 MB的天文FITS图像文件存储过程中,算法虽然增加少量的存储延迟,但能够容忍多种软硬件异常下多个副本的强一致性,较好地解决当前海量天文数据存储中的多副本数据存储的一致性问题。