省市级基础地理信息框架数据联动更新探究

基于潍坊市寿光基础地理信息数据库建设更新工程与省地理信息公共服务平台框架数据更新工程,探索了省市基础地理信息框架数据联动更新的工作模式,提出了通过建立多比例尺基础框架数据的方式,建立省市基础框架数据库的联系,通过增量更新的模式完成省市两级基础框架数据库联动更新的方法。     

Effects of key components of <Emphasis Type="Italic">S. triqueter</Emphasis> root exudates on fractions and bioavailability of pyrene–lead co-contaminated soils

The key components of S. triqueter root exudates involved 4-oxo-pentanoic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, phthalate acid, citric acid, vanillic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, decanoic acid, 14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid and oleic acid, and the content of the water-soluble organic acids (citric acid, succinic acid and glutaric acid) significantly increased in pyrene and lead co-contaminated rhizosphere soil. These three water-soluble organic acids including citric acid, succinic acid and glutaric acid were detected as the specific root exudates of S. triqueter under stress of pollutants for pyrene and lead, so they were chosen as the research objects, and they were added into the bioremediation systems of pyrene and lead co-contaminated wetland soils. Compared with the control, the treatments added the three organic acids always improved the quantity of the bioavailable fraction of pyrene and lead in wetland soils and greatly influenced other chemical states of pyrene and lead fractions in the test concentration range. Under the 50 g kg^?1 of organic acids concentration, the amount of the bioavailable fraction of pyrene and lead increased 41.0 and 872.7 % by citric acid, respectively. The enhancement of bioavailability of pyrene and lead in the wetland soil by adding organic acids generally decreased in the following order: citric acid > succinic acid > glutaric acid. Enhancing effects of organic acids on the bioavailability improvement of pyrene and lead is remarkable.     

内蒙古东乌旗沙麦钨矿床的成矿时代

内蒙古东乌旗沙麦钨矿位于贺根山断裂带以北的兴蒙造山系二连-东乌旗弧盆带内,为岩浆期后高温热液黑钨矿石英脉型矿床。采用黑钨矿Sm-Nd同位素分析获得黑钨矿的形成年龄为137.9±1.7Ma,采用TIMS锆石U-Pb同位素定年获得赋矿黑云母花岗岩的形成年龄为139.1±0.93Ma,据此提出,沙麦钨矿床的形成时代为燕山晚期,这与区域上大兴安岭西坡主要金属矿床的形成年龄数据相吻合。黑钨矿的初始ε_(Nd)值为正值,与中亚造山带内大量花岗岩的εNd值均为正值的特点相一致,表明其来源于亏损地幔源。     

Data integration in characterizing a fracture-cavity reservoir,Tahe oilfield,Tarim basin,China

Fracture-cavity reservoirs can be described in terms of storage space, filling materials and distribution, however, characterizing these variables remains a challenge. In this study, a method was developed to characterize complex reservoirs by integrating outcrop, core, well log, and seismic data from the Tahe oilfield. Outcrop analogs were used to identify and qualitatively analyze the genesis of different reservoir spaces. Cores, well logs, and seismic data were used to identify different types of reservoir space in the subsurface, to describe the spatial distribution, and to establish the distribution pattern of fracture-cavity reservoirs. Clastic sediments, collapse breccia, and chemical fillings were described from the cores and used to assess porosity and permeability. On the basis of the results, a three-dimensional geological model was constructed incorporating a structural model, a reservoir space model, and a property model. Caves and fractures were the main storage spaces and seepage passages. The cave model was built using multi-point geostatistical simulation, while the fracture model was established using deterministic modeling combined with manual interpretations and ant-tracking technology.     

Mineralization time and tectonic setting of the Zhengguang Au deposit in the Duobaoshan ore field,Heilongjiang Province,NE China

The Zhengguang deposit, a representative large gold deposit in the Duobaoshan ore field in NE China, is located in the northeast of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). Ore body emplacement was structurally controlled and occurs mainly at the contact zone between the strata of Duobaoshan Formation and an Ordovician diorite stock. The diorite rocks have a close genetic relationship with Au mineralization. Re–Os isotope dating of Au-bearing pyrite yields an isochron age of 506 ± 44 Ma (MSWD = 15). Based on present and previous dating results, it can be concluded that the Zhengguang deposit formed at ~480 Ma. The mineralization time of the Zhengguang deposit is nearly identical to those of the Duobaoshan and Tongshan deposits, indicating they are all derived from the same metallogenic system. The Duobaoshan-style porphyry Cu–Mo mineralization may exist at deeper levels at Zhengguang. The geochemical characteristics of the Zhengguang dioritic rocks presented in this paper are similar to those of bajaitic high-Mg andesite, and the magmas originated from a mantle wedge metasomatized by melts from a subducting oceanic slab at an active continental margin setting. The Ordovician magmatic–metallogenic events in the Duobaoshan ore field were caused by the westward subduction of an oceanic slab located between the Xing’an and Songliao blocks. It is worth pointing out that the Zhengguang deposit is the oldest known Phanerozoic Au deposit in NE China. Further studies of this deposit will improve understanding of the regularity of ore formation and aid mineralization forecast across the Duobaoshan region.     

Variation of Thornthwaite moisture index in Hengduan Mountains,China

The Thornthwaite moisture index, an index of the supply of water(precipitation) in an area relative to the climatic demand for water(potential evapotranspiration), was used to examine the spatial and temporal variation of drought and to verify the influence of environmental factors on the drought in the Hengduan Mountains, China. Results indicate that the Thornthwaite moisture index in the Hengduan Mountains had been increasing since 1960 with a rate of 0.1938/yr. Annual Thornthwaite moisture index in Hengduan Mountains was between –97.47 and 67.43 and the spatial heterogeneity was obvious in different seasons. Thornthwaite moisture index was high in the north and low in the south, and the monsoon rainfall had a significant impact on its spatial distribution. The tendency rate of Thornthwaite moisture index variation varied in different seasons, and the increasing trends in spring were greater than that in summer and autumn. However, the Thornthwaite moisture index decreased in winter. Thornthwaite moisture index increased greatly in the north and there was a small growth in the south of Hengduan Mountains. The increase of precipitation and decrease of evaporation lead to the increase of Thornthwaite moisture index. Thornthwaite moisture index has strong correlation with vegetation coverage. It can be seen that the correlation between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) and Thornthwaite moisture index was positive in spring and summer, but negative in autumn and winter. Correlation between Thornthwaite moisture index and relative soil relative moisture content was positive in spring, summer and autumn, but negative in winter. The typical mountainous terrain affect the distribution of temperature, precipitation, wind speed and other meteorological factors in this region, and then affect the spatial distribution of Thornthwaite moisture index. The unique ridge-gorge terrain caused the continuity of water-heat distribution from the north to south, and the water-heat was stronger than that from the east to west part, and thus determined the spatial distribution of Thornthwaite moisture index. The drought in the Hengduan Mountains area is mainly due to the unstable South Asian monsoon rainfall time.     

滇西丽江地区新生代富碱斑岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义

滇西丽江地区新生代富碱斑岩位于滇西“三江”褶皱造山带与扬子板块西南缘结合部位,岩石类型多样,可分为碱性岩和碱性花岗岩,前者主要有正长斑岩、正长岩及粗面斑岩;后者主要包括花岗斑岩、二长花岗斑岩及石英二长斑岩。锆石LA ICP MS U Pb定年研究确定区内斑岩结晶年龄为346～371 Ma,侵位于始新世晚期。碱性岩石的SiO2含量为5454%～6770%,K2O＞Na2O,具有钾玄岩的特征;碱性花岗岩的SiO2含量为6716%～7066%,K2O＜Na2O,具有高钾钙碱性的特征。两类岩石都具有富碱(Na2O+K2O=703%～1170%)和准铝质—弱过铝质(A/CNK=064～115)的特征。富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素(Sr、Ba、K、Pb等),相对亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Ti等),且具有高Sr、Sr/Y和La/Yb比值及低Y、Yb和镁值(Mg#＜05),表明区内斑岩兼具钾玄质岩石和埃达克质岩石的特征。综合研究认为,区内斑岩形成于印度－亚洲大陆碰撞造山的后碰撞阶段,其形成与减压熔融及幔源岩浆底侵促使增厚下地壳底部岩石发生部分熔融有关,是青藏高原东南缘构造转换带对主碰撞带造山作用过程的岩浆事件响应,进而分析确认本区具有斑岩-热液型金多金属矿床的找矿潜力,为深入认识丽江地区构造-岩浆-成矿作用提供了重要约束。     

大兴安岭呼中钼多金属矿床成矿流体特征及成矿机制

大兴安岭呼中镇钼多金属矿床产于早白垩世碎裂花岗岩中,矿体形态似层状、脉状或透镜状。成矿阶段分为辉钼矿阶段、铜铅锌阶段、方解石阶段等3个阶段。本矿床中的包裹体主要有气液H_2O包裹体、气相H_2O包裹体、含子矿物H_2O包裹体,CO_2包裹体、CO_2-H_2O包裹体等五大类。辉钼矿阶段均一温度为209.2℃413.4℃,盐度ω(NaCleq)为0.53%16.53%,平均值7.3%,属中低盐度,成矿压力在53.3 68.5 MPa,相应的成矿深度为2 052 2 807 m;铜铅锌阶段为191.5℃351.0℃,盐度ω(NaCleq)为0.88%34.24%,平均值3.96%,属低盐度;方解石阶段207.2℃233.5℃,盐度ω(NaCleq)为3.55%4.18%,平均值3.77%,为低盐度。从辉钼矿阶段到铜铅锌阶段再到方解石阶段,温度及盐度逐渐降低。辉钼矿成矿压力在53.3 72.9 MPa,成矿深度为2 052 2 807 m。成矿过程中发生了CO_2-H_2O不混溶作用,这是导致辉钼矿沉淀的主要机制。矿床类型属中低温浅成热液型矿床。     

辽西地区北票组烃源岩生物标志化合物特征的差异性

北票组是辽西地区重要的一套煤系地层,被认为是该区油气勘探的重要目的层.坤头营子剖面和卧龙剖面是该区较为有代表性的北票组地层剖面,对于研究北票组的沉积环境、有机质来源等具有重要意义.采用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）等技术对2个剖面的烃源岩样品进行了分析测试,结果显示两组样品表现出不同的地球化学特征.坤头营子剖面的烃源岩样品抽提物正构烷烃的质量色谱图均为单峰态,主峰碳数以C₁₉为主,姥鲛烷/植烷比值（Pr/Ph）在3.0~4.0之间;甾烷系列中以C₂₉甾烷为优势,C₂₃三环萜烷含量相对较低,伽马蜡烷指数低（平均0.08）.取自卧龙剖面的样品质量色谱图大部分呈现双峰态,Pr/Ph值低;甾烷系列中C₂₇占优势,萜烷系列中C₂₃三环萜烷含量高,具有较高的伽马蜡烷含量（平均0.23）,且各项生标成熟度参数均已达到异构平衡化阶段.结合样品的全岩分析显微组分分析结果,认为两者主要差异可能是剖面附近的侵入岩造成,北票组烃源岩有机质具有陆源高等植物和低等水生生物双重来源,以陆源高等植物为主.