四川盆地中部平昌县龙岗地区节理特征及应力分析

川中平昌县龙岗地区构造变形较弱,岩层近水平,地表构造变形多见节理。通过对龙岗地区2 000余条节理面及擦痕的观测、统计、分析,依据节理的发育特征和运动性质,发现该区发育的NE-SW和NW-SE向节理、NNW-SSE和NEE-SWW向节理、NW-SE至NNW-SSE和NE-SW向节理以及NNE-SSW和NWW-SEE向节理为4套平面X共轭剪节理。节理中以近EW走向最为发育,以走滑为主,逆冲次之。根据其相互切割关系,运用构造解析的方法,结合区域地质背景,对百余条多期(平面X节理及剖面节理)剪节理构造的古应力场(状态)进行反演,推测龙岗地区构造应力场的主压力发生了EW向→NW-SE向→NS向→NE-SW向的多次转换。     

Particulate Amines in the Background Atmosphere of the Yangtze River Delta,China: Concentration,Size Distribution,and Sources

Amines are important for new particle formation and subsequent growth in the atmosphere. Consequently, the processes involved are receiving more attention in recent years. Here, we conduct a field observation in order to investigate the atmospheric particulate amines at a background site in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) during the summer of 2018.Four amines in PM_(2.5), i.e., methylamine(MA), dimethylamine(DMA), diethylamine(DEA), and trimethylamine(TMA),were collected, twice daily and analyzed. During the campaign, our measurements found the concentrations of MA, DMA,DEA, and TMA of 15.0 ± 15.0, 6.3 ± 6.9, 20.4 ± 30.1, and 4.0 ± 5.9 ng m–3, respectively, and the four amines correlated well with each other. The concentration of amines appear to be independent of whether they were collected during the day or night. Both MA and DMA exhibited a bimodal size distribution that had peaks at 0.67 and 1.1 μm, suggesting amines preferably distribute on submicron particles. Boundary layer height(BLH), relative humidity, and pH of aerosols were found have a negative relationship with amines, while aerosol liquid water content(ALWC) was found to have a positive relationship with amines. The PMF(positive matrix factorization) source apportionment results showed that the main source of amines in Chongming Island was of anthropogenic origin such as industrial and biomass emission, followed by marine sources including sea salt and marine biogenic sources. Given that the YRD region is still suffering from complex atmospheric pollution and that the knowledge on aerosol amines is still limited, more field studies are in urgent need for a better understanding of the pollution characteristics of amines.     

滇西宝兴厂喜山期复式岩体锆石标型特征及成因意义

文章运用Pupin的锆石群型研究方法,对滇西宝兴厂喜马拉雅期复式岩体中锆石的鉴定和统计,研究表明,本区复式岩体中的锆石有18种亚型,主要由{100}、{110}柱面和{111}、{311}锥面组成,其中柱面以{100}特优发育,锥面以{111}最为发育;众所周知,温度、酸性、碱性程度等对晶形的发育影响很大,本次研究锆石结晶速度较快,结晶温度较低,且在偏碱性的环境下形成的。锆石的结晶标型显示本区复式岩体是以壳源为主的壳幔混合成因的花岗岩,具有富水、富碱、富含成矿物质的特征,成为有利成矿的岩浆系统。     

Migration of Depocenters and Accumulation Centers and its Indication of Subsidence Centers in the Mesozoic Ordos Basin

Based on the integrated study of structure attributions and characteristics of the original basin in combination with lithology and lithofacies,sedimentary provenance analysis and thickness distribution of the Mesozoic Ordos Basin,it is demonstrated that the depocenters migrated counterclockwise from southeast to the north and then to the southwest from the Middle-Late Triassic to the Early Cretaceous.There were no unified and larger-scale accumulation centers except several small isolated accumulation c...     

开封市不同功能区城市土壤有机碳含量与密度分析

研究开封城市土壤有机碳,发现不同功能区类型间及城区与郊区间的有机碳特性存在差异:土壤表层有机碳含量为工业区>休闲区>交通区>文教区>行政/居民区;表层有机碳密度为休闲区>工业区>交通区>文教>行政/居民区;土壤剖面有机碳密度为文教区>交通区>工业区>休闲区>行政/居民区.城市土壤表层有机碳密度和剖面有机碳密度均沿城郊剖面线呈下降式梯度变化,城区分别是郊区的2.53和1.56倍.城市土壤有机碳积累主要在地表之下0～30 cm范围内.     

泰山景区地闪分布特征及与海拔高度关系研究

我国因雷击造成的森林火灾和景区人员伤亡时有发生,近年来,泰山景区也多次发生雷击森林火灾和设备损坏等事故。为了有效地避免或降低雷击对泰山景区的危害,利用2007—2018 年山东省闪电定位系统监测的地闪资料,对泰山景区闪电活动特征及其与地形、海拔的相关性进行分析,从而为有效地开展防雷减灾服务及为地方政府部门决策提供技术支撑。 结果表明：虽然不同年份的落雷次数有所差别,但每年不同海拔高度落雷次数的分布特征比较一致,泰山景区年均地闪密度为1.82 次?km-2?a-1,地闪密度较高的区域集中在主峰和主峰西北方4 ～7 km附近山顶区域;地闪活动的季节性分布特征明显,夏季（6—8月）地闪次数约占全年总地闪次数的86.86%,海拔900 m以下落雷次数较多;日落雷次数的高峰时段为14:00—20:00,落区集中在200～800 m之间;正闪强度均值随海拔升高波动较大,负闪强度随海拔的变化较小;地闪密度随海拔升高呈现上升趋势,海拔高度＜800 m的区域地闪密度随海拔增加呈缓慢上升的趋势,海拔高度＞1 000 m的区域地闪密度随海拔增加呈明显上升的趋势,同时发现随海拔高度的增加地闪密度和陡度呈现增大和增高的趋势,800 m以上尤其明显,可见泰山景区地闪密度与陡度和海拔高度呈现较好的正相关性。     

雨滴谱垂直演变特征的微雨雷达观测研究

雨滴谱的垂直变化特征对于认识降水过程、改进模式和雷达定量估计降水等具有重要意义。利用2016年6月1日-9月30日雨量筒、微雨雷达（micro rain radar,简称MRR）和PARSIVEL雨滴谱仪连续4个月的观测数据,在对比3种仪器观测结果的基础上,研究了层状云降水不同降水强度下微物理特征量和雨滴谱垂直演变特征。结果表明:MRR与PARSIVEL雨滴谱仪观测降水强度相关性较好,且两种仪器观测的雨滴谱在中等粒子段（0.5~2.5 mm）表现出较好的一致性,而对于小粒子段（雨滴直径小于0.5 mm）PARSIVEL雨滴谱仪观测的数浓度明显低于MRR。对于弱降水（降水强度R ≤ 0.2 mm·h-1）,液水含量和降水强度随高度降低减小,雨滴在下落过程中蒸发明显。对于较强降水（R>2 mm·h-1）,随高度降低,雷达反射率因子增大,小滴数浓度减小的同时大滴数浓度增加明显,雨滴下落过程碰并作用明显。所有高度直径不超过0.5 mm的小滴对数浓度贡献均为最大。高层雨滴直径不小于1 mm的小粒子对降水强度的贡献可达50%,小粒子对降水强度贡献随高度降低减小。