Migration of Depocenters and Accumulation Centers and its Indication of Subsidence Centers in the Mesozoic Ordos Basin

Based on the integrated study of structure attributions and characteristics of the original basin in combination with lithology and lithofacies,sedimentary provenance analysis and thickness distribution of the Mesozoic Ordos Basin,it is demonstrated that the depocenters migrated counterclockwise from southeast to the north and then to the southwest from the Middle-Late Triassic to the Early Cretaceous.There were no unified and larger-scale accumulation centers except several small isolated accumulation c...     

泰山景区地闪分布特征及与海拔高度关系研究

我国因雷击造成的森林火灾和景区人员伤亡时有发生,近年来,泰山景区也多次发生雷击森林火灾和设备损坏等事故。为了有效地避免或降低雷击对泰山景区的危害,利用2007—2018 年山东省闪电定位系统监测的地闪资料,对泰山景区闪电活动特征及其与地形、海拔的相关性进行分析,从而为有效地开展防雷减灾服务及为地方政府部门决策提供技术支撑。 结果表明：虽然不同年份的落雷次数有所差别,但每年不同海拔高度落雷次数的分布特征比较一致,泰山景区年均地闪密度为1.82 次•km-2•a-1,地闪密度较高的区域集中在主峰和主峰西北方4 ～7 km附近山顶区域;地闪活动的季节性分布特征明显,夏季（6—8月）地闪次数约占全年总地闪次数的86.86%,海拔900 m以下落雷次数较多;日落雷次数的高峰时段为14:00—20:00,落区集中在200～800 m之间;正闪强度均值随海拔升高波动较大,负闪强度随海拔的变化较小;地闪密度随海拔升高呈现上升趋势,海拔高度＜800 m的区域地闪密度随海拔增加呈缓慢上升的趋势,海拔高度＞1 000 m的区域地闪密度随海拔增加呈明显上升的趋势,同时发现随海拔高度的增加地闪密度和陡度呈现增大和增高的趋势,800 m以上尤其明显,可见泰山景区地闪密度与陡度和海拔高度呈现较好的正相关性。     

Particulate Amines in the Background Atmosphere of the Yangtze River Delta,China: Concentration,Size Distribution,and Sources

Amines are important for new particle formation and subsequent growth in the atmosphere. Consequently, the processes involved are receiving more attention in recent years. Here, we conduct a field observation in order to investigate the atmospheric particulate amines at a background site in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD) during the summer of 2018.Four amines in PM_(2.5), i.e., methylamine(MA), dimethylamine(DMA), diethylamine(DEA), and trimethylamine(TMA),were collected, twice daily and analyzed. During the campaign, our measurements found the concentrations of MA, DMA,DEA, and TMA of 15.0 ± 15.0, 6.3 ± 6.9, 20.4 ± 30.1, and 4.0 ± 5.9 ng m–3, respectively, and the four amines correlated well with each other. The concentration of amines appear to be independent of whether they were collected during the day or night. Both MA and DMA exhibited a bimodal size distribution that had peaks at 0.67 and 1.1 μm, suggesting amines preferably distribute on submicron particles. Boundary layer height(BLH), relative humidity, and pH of aerosols were found have a negative relationship with amines, while aerosol liquid water content(ALWC) was found to have a positive relationship with amines. The PMF(positive matrix factorization) source apportionment results showed that the main source of amines in Chongming Island was of anthropogenic origin such as industrial and biomass emission, followed by marine sources including sea salt and marine biogenic sources. Given that the YRD region is still suffering from complex atmospheric pollution and that the knowledge on aerosol amines is still limited, more field studies are in urgent need for a better understanding of the pollution characteristics of amines.     

水晶晶体中的球粒状与管状铁氧化物包裹体的形貌结构与成因

产出在四川美姑峨眉山玄武岩中的水晶有两种类型,即产出在玄武岩气孔中第一成矿阶段紫色水晶和“三色”层水晶与玄武岩层间滑（错）动裂隙或晶洞中第二成矿阶段的浅色水晶。晶体中铁氧化物包裹体为镜铁矿、赤铁矿、纤铁矿。包裹体的形貌结构有两种类型：其一具三圈层构造球粒（0.15~0.5㎜）,它由球核、球壳与表层三部分组成,球核与表层为红棕色,球壳为铁黑色,称“红夹黑”。扫描电镜（SEM）与能谱分析（EDS）表明,球壳由绕球核呈放射状排列的片状镜铁矿组成,表层为红色半透明鳞片状纤铁矿,球核由微晶赤铁矿定向聚合呈圆球形或向外伸出的圆柱形,球粒产出在“三色”层水晶的红棕色间歇层的夹层（0.4~0.7㎜）中;其二具两圈层构造的中空管,管的长轴方向垂直水晶的菱面体单形晶面方向。SEM及EDS测试表明,管中心为空管,内圈为铁黑色片状镜铁矿,外圈为厚度不一的红棕色赤铁矿,管的形貌有滴管状、钟乳状、倒葫芦状,晶出在第二成矿阶段第一世代条带状水晶的条带中。“三色”层及条带状水晶中的包裹体是强酸性氧逸度高、且热动力生长环境条件极不稳定的产物。水晶流体包裹体均一温度及拉曼光谱分析研究,水晶矿属低温热液（150~190℃）成矿,成矿流体的盐度较低, 5.7%~13.2%NaCl_eq,其中紫晶盐度最高（13.2% NaCl_eq）,条带状水晶盐度较低（6% NaCl_eq）。流体包裹体主要由H₂O和SO₂及微量CH₄组成。这项研究对了解铁氧化物生长机理、生长速率、生长环境热动力条件变化及成矿阶段划分都具重要意义,同时对研究现今表生氧化环境所形成铁氧化物种类、机理也有现实指导意义。     

A microgravity model for the city of İzmir (Western Anatolia) and its tectonic implementations

Western Anatolia has an extensional tectonic regime and the characteristics of the deformation in the continental crust observed in Aegean Region have a very complex structure. In our study area, the ?zmir city, Turkey, which is located within this active region, the general geological setting is also rather complex. This first microgravity study in ?zmir and its surroundings is related to the determination of active fault zones. It was conducted in the south of ?zmir, with the aim to investigate this complex structure in detail through microgravity data collected from six profiles throughout the survey area. The variation in Bouguer values was profoundly investigated along Profile P1 in N-S direction that was delineated to intersect all the tectonic elements. For this reason, Profile P1 was modeled in this study as 2D. As a result, the created gravity model was investigated together with geology, earthquake focal depths, and isostasy.     

Sediment concentrations of heavy metals in the Homa Lagoon (Eastern Aegean Sea): Assessment of contamination and ecological risks

The concentrations of heavy metals and organic carbon in sediment of the Homa Lagoon which is one of the most productive lagoons and commercial important active fish trap in the Eastern Aegean Sea, were investigated in order to describe the temporal and spatial distributions of metals. These results were used to evaluate possible ecological risks that could be a problem for the environment of the lagoon in the future. Sediments were enriched with Cr, Ni and considered as heavily polluted per the SQG. The C_f of Ni and Cr were presented moderate level of contamination in this area. The C_d levels indicated moderate degree of contamination at station B, C, D and E due to agricultural drainage water, industrial and domestic wastewater, are transported by the Gediz River. Sediments from Homa Lagoon were most toxic for Ni due to exceedances of the TEL and PEL values.     

基于贝叶斯优化机器学习超参数的滑坡易发性评价

利用机器学习模型进行滑坡易发性评价时,不同的超参数设置往往会导致评价结果的不同.采用贝叶斯算法对4种常见机器学习模型(逻辑回归LR、支持向量机SVM、人工神经网络ANN和随机森林RF)的超参数进行了优化,探索了该算法对滑坡易发性机器学习模型的优化效果.以湘中地区4县(安化县、新华县、桃江县和桃源县)滑坡易发性评价为例说...     

基于贝叶斯方法的地壳厚度定量估算

大陆地壳一直以来都扮演着记录过去40亿年地球演化历史的重要角色。现代板块汇聚边界形成的岩浆岩地球化学特征与岩浆活动时的地壳厚度高度相关,因此,一系列地球化学指标可作为地壳厚度的优秀示踪剂。然而,由于岩浆岩地球化学组成的复杂性,准确量化过去地质时期地壳厚度一直是一项具有挑战性的任务。本文基于地球化学大数据,运用贝叶斯方法,建立了一个利用多种地化指标（CaO、K₂O、MnO、Dy、Ho、Lu、Y、Sr/Y、Ce/Y、La/Yb、Sm/Yb、Dy/Yb）定量估算地壳厚度的贝叶斯模型。利用中新世以来（＜15 Ma）的全球数据验证表明,与传统的单指标方法相比,贝叶斯模型对现今地壳厚度提供了更准确的估计。利用该模型重建了新生代拉萨地块地壳厚度变化,重建结果表明,拉萨地块在50~30 Ma经历了多阶段地壳增厚,最终形成如今的巨厚地壳。