站址迁移对高要站气候资料序列的影响和分析

对广东省高要市气象站迁站前20a和迁站后5a的气象资料统计分析,找出迁站前后观测资料序列差异较大的气象要素,分析其引起差异的原因。经对本站及邻站四会、德庆站同期相关资料序列进行了“t检验分析”,高要站资料序列差异性显著,而四会、德庆站的资料序列的差异性不显著,说明高要站迁移前与迁移后的资料序列的差异并非由气候变化引起,而新旧站的地理环境差异才是造成资料序列差异的主要原因。     

关于上海及邻区震源深度的探讨

利用上海及邻区的最新地震资料,对其全区和四个小区的震源深度与震级、震源深度与频次的关系进行初步探讨,并对三个典型震(群)区的震源深度加以分析,最后提出了对上海地区地震活动性和震源深度研究的几点认识。     

Preliminary Study on the PGE Geochemistry of the Permian Basalts in the Jinping Area

INTRODUCTIONIn comparison with studies on the geochemistryof the REE and trace elements of the Emeishan Per-mian basalts ,there has been onlyli mited research onthe platinum group elements ( PGE) . Preli minarystudies have been carried out on the PGE geochemis-try of the basalts in the Emeishan area ( QingyingPower Station profile) and Xinjie area (Zhang andLi ,1998) ,andinthe Shuicheng and Weining areasinGuizhou (Li et al .,2003) . There are no PGEanaly-sis data of the basaltsin…     

基于强度折减法的三维边坡稳定性与破坏机制

基于强度折减技术的三维弹塑性有限元法是当前较为有效的边坡稳定性评价方法,但很少应用于复杂地质环境及负载条件下的三维边坡稳定性与破坏机制分析。拓展这一方法,利用典型算例,探讨了单元尺寸、边界条件、土体强度、局部超载和地震荷载等因素对三维边坡稳定性及潜在滑动面的影响;在此基础上,着重研究含软弱夹层及地下水的复杂三维边坡在负载条件（坡顶局部超载及地震荷载）下的破坏模式及滑动机制。结果表明：随着黏聚力的增加,潜在滑坡体的剪出位置远离坡脚,滑坡后沿远离坡肩,滑坡深度加深;坡顶超载强度较低时,边坡表现为整体破坏模式,而高超载强度下表现为局部地基破坏;考虑地下水后边坡的稳定性显著下降,且潜在滑动面加深,滑坡体体积有所增大。含软弱夹层的三维边坡,其潜在滑动面呈折线型,当受超载作用时,其破坏模式和滑动机制与地震荷载作用下不同:前者为竖向剪切和水平错动的联合作用,而后者为软弱夹层水平错动起主导作用。     

Thermodynamic properties of high-rank tectonically deformed coals during isothermal adsorption

The adsorption capacity and thermodynamic properties of high-rank tectonically deformed coal (TDC) samples from the Yangquan coalfield in North China were analyzed by combining isothermal adsorption and Polanyi potential theory. The adsorption capacities of mylonitic- (10.7015–17.2065 cm³/g) and scaly (9.8237–11.5386 cm³/g) coals are higher than those of cataclastic- (8.3496–9.5238 cm³/g) and schistose (7.7990–8.0467 cm³/g) coals. The primary- and wrinkle coals have the lowest adsorption capacities. The adsorption potential (the change of surface free energy per mole during physical adsorption) decreases with the increasing adsorption space in a parabola characteristic. For different TDCs, the interval length of the adsorption potential distribution is in the same order with the adsorption capacity. The interval lengths of primary-, schistose-, and mylonitic coals are 0–0.014, 0–0.020, and 0–0.025 cm³/g, respectively. The reduction amounts of surface free energy for mylonitic- (6.040–10.082 kJ/cm²) and scaly (2.075–6.047 kJ/cm²) coals are higher than those of the cataclastic- (3.069–4.249 kJ/cm²) and wrinkle (2.222–3.434 kJ/cm²) coals. The initial and saturated adsorption surface free energies of mylonitic- and scaly coals are higher than those of the primary- and schistose coals. Based on the difference in the surface free energy reduction values, the TDCs, especially the mylonitic- and scaly coals, have a greater adsorption potential than primary- and other TDCs.     

刚果(布)一号公路测绘数据综合管理技术探讨

测绘工作在公路建设中贯穿各个环节,其测绘数据量庞大,数据格式各异.本文依托中建援建刚果(布)一号公路项目,对公路测绘数据综合管理技术进行了研究.为实现数据安全共享、高效查询下载、使用维护便捷的目标,本文设计并开发了刚果(布)一号公路测绘数据综合管理平台,提供了一种便捷的测绘数据管理和共享手段.     

音频大地电磁测深法在地热勘查中的应用研究

从介绍和分析研究区的地质特征出发,通过介绍音频大地电磁(AMT)法工作布置、资料采集和处理流程,说明了该方法在地热资源勘查中的应用效果,同时对自主开发的二维大地电磁处理与反演解释及成像软件系统(MTSoft2D2.0)的功能特点进行了介绍,并将系统中改进的二维非线性共轭梯度(NLCG)方法应用于资料反演解释,取得了较好的效果。研究成果确定了研究区的热储地层的深度与厚度,以及地质构造分布的基本情况。结果证明,音频大地电磁法在探测含水层及地热资源方面是有效的。     

乡村建筑营造:认同的建构

乡村建筑典型的地域性和多样性,与乡村的身份和地方认同有着紧密的关系。在建筑营造的过程中,往往交织着以精英为代表的权力意志、先锋理念与以草根为代表的自发、匿名行为。深受地域主义、现代-后现代主义、批判地域主义影响的建筑领域,对乡村认同的建构有着或直接或间接的影响,梳理和实证这一脉络,对乡村文化地理有着积极的研究意义。研究认为,地域主义盛行时期,乡村建筑深受自然地理环境的影响,但政治与主流文化的建构仍存在,建筑营造回应为民族性的认同;现代-后现代主义混杂影响时期,村民与城市进入乡村的居民,以追求现代性和个性拼贴的方式建构碎片化的认同;批判地域主义时期,建筑师与村民则以精英设计、公众参与的方式,在建筑营造和协商中重构彼此认可的乡村新认同。     

Large-scale seafloor stability evaluation of the northern continental slope of South China Sea

Abstract

With the continuous expansion of energy demand, the deep-water continental slope in the northern South China Sea has become one of the significant offshore oil and gas exploration regions. The frequent occurrence of marine geological hazards in this region, especially submarine landslides, can cause serious damage to engineering facilities. However, there have been few studies on the stability of the northern continental slope of the South China Sea; these studies mainly focused on a specific submarine slope or small-range evaluation, resulting in a lack of large-scale and quantitative understanding. Hence, considering the variation in the physical and mechanical properties of marine soils with depth, formulas for calculating the safety factor of submarine slopes by an infinite sliding model are established, and the factors affecting slope stability such as soil properties, slope gradient and horizontal seismic action are systematically investigated. Using GIS techniques, the terrain slope gradients and a historical seismic database of the northern South China Sea are obtained. Combined with soil mechanical parameters, a regional stability evaluation of the northern continental slope is carried out. Furthermore, the distribution of risk zones is given. On the whole, under strong seismic action, large-scale submarine slope instability occurs and must be highly considered when assessing risk. This achievement is of great significance to engineering sites, route selection and engineering risk assessment.     

龙门山北段宝珠寺飞来峰的特征及形成演化

龙门山飞来峰主要有挤压推覆和重力滑覆两种形成观点,飞来峰的成因对龙门山的构造演化具有重要意义。通过对其北段宝珠寺飞来峰野外实地考察及其构造变形特征的研究,得出该飞来峰主体为向斜构造,具有多层结构,由北西—南东向逆冲推覆形成,为推覆说提供了有力的证据;并且该区域构造具有典型的后展式逆冲推覆构造,区别于整个龙门山前展式推覆构造模式。