Simulation of surface and internal semidiurnal tides in the Kara Sea

The problem of the dynamics of surface and internal waves M ₂ in the Kara Sea is solved within the QUODDY-4 3D finite-element hydrostatic model. It is shown that the conventional concept of surface-tide wave generation due to the interaction of two tidal waves (one arrives from the Barents Sea and the other is generated in the Arctic Ocean (AO) and propagates southward along the west coasts of Severnaya Zemlya) is only partially valid: the east branch of the tidal wave generated in the AO actually exists, but there is also a west branch that propagates along the St. Anna trough and another tidal wave that penetrates in the Kara Sea from the Laptev Sea through the Vilkitsky Strait. Simulated spatial distributions of the tidal velocities, amplitudes of internal tidal waves at the pycnocline depth, and some components of the budgets of barotropic and baroclinic tidal energy are discussed.     

Estimates of Trends of Climatically Important Atmospheric Gases Near St. Petersburg

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Total column amounts (TCAs) of various climatically important atmospheric gases have been determined in Peterhof for the period between 2009 and 2018....     

Reconstruction of radiation fluxes at the ocean surface from NOAA satellite data

Algorithms for obtaining operative information on the fluxes of the total solar radiation and radiation balance at the ocean surface are developed and realized on the basis of satellite observations within the spectral ranges 0·725–1·1 and 10·3–11·3 m at arbitrary scanning angles. For the 10-day and monthly values, the reconstruction errors remain at the level of the accuracy of the shipboard measurements. The atlas of charts of the above parameters (grid 0·5°×0·5°) is compiled using data obtained by the RVAkademik Vernadsky in the Atlantic Ocean during 1986–1989.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.     

High-Resolution Modeling of Semidiurnal Internal Tidal Waves in the Laptev Sea in the Ice-Free Period: Their Dynamics and Energetics

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The QUODDY-4 three-dimensional finite-element hydrostatic model has been used to reproduce the spatial distributions of dynamic and energetic...     

Determining the total ozone from geostationary earth satellites

A method for determining the total ozone (TO) with high spatial (3×3 km²) and temporal (15 min) resolutions by using measurements of the Earth’s outgoing thermal radiation from Meteosat geostationary satellites is proposed. The method is based on measurements with a SEVIRI instrument (eight IR channels) and involves additional information on the three-dimensional field of the atmospheric temperature and on the surface temperature obtained from polar satellites (AIRS instrument). The inverse problem of TO determination is solved by the method of neural networks. TO measurements with the AIRS instrument are also used for training the neural networks. Ground-based TO measurements at the international ozonometric network are used for controlling the quality of AIRS data and detecting the errors of the proposed method of TO determination from SEVIRI data. The mean and rms differences between TO values obtained with the use of the proposed method and from the results of measurements at the international ozonometric network are shown to be 1.5 and 6.5%, respectively. Examples of TO distributions reconstructed with high spatial and temporal resolutions are presented. These examples show that the elaborated method for solving various scientific and applied problems and, in particular, for investigating stratospheric dynamics is promising.     

First Satellite Measurements of Carbon Dioxide in the Earth’s Atmosphere (From the SI-1 Spectrometer Aboard the Meteor Satellite in 1979)

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - Spectral measurements of the outgoing thermal IR radiation carried out in 1977 and 1979 (SI-1 instrument, Meteor satellite) are used for estimating the...     

Influence of Horizontal Nonuniformity of Stratification on Internal Tides and Their Induced Diapycnal Diffusion in the Ice-Free Kara Sea

Oceanology - Abstract—The 3D finite-element hydrostatic model QUODDY-4 is used to study the influence of horizontally nonuniform stratification on internal tides and their induced diapycnal...     

Methods for processing the data of wind-profile observations over the ocean

We describe the in-line methods for processing the results of observations of the vertical distribution of wind speed with an aim of evaluation of the parameters characterizing the stable state of the surface layer of the atmosphere and the roughness of the sea surface. It is proposed to use these data for the interpretation of the results of satellite scatterometric measurements of the surface wind speed in order to increase their accuracy.