具有滞迟耗能装置的高层建筑结构的随机响应分析

本文提出了一个近似分析具有滞迟耗能装置的高层建筑的方法。结果被模拟为一个有滞迟非线性支座的悬壁梁。其控制方程由Ｒｉｔｚ法导出，用等效线性化方法分析。     

中国地区下垫面特征对强对流天气影响研究进展

下垫面所具有的非均匀性特征会对强对流天气产生很大的影响作用,这种影响主要通过改变边界层热力、动力过程及地气之间的热量输送与水分循环,进而改变大气的温湿结构和垂直运动来实现。该文主要介绍利用陆面模式研究下垫面特征的成果,并且讨论不同类型下垫面,包括自然形成的地表特征、植被覆盖及城市化作用等对强对流天气影响的研究成果,重点分析中国地区,就陆面模式的模拟方法和下垫面变化时所产生的问题进行深入的探讨。     

珠江口盆地惠州凹陷转换体控沉-控储特性及其油气地质意义

构造转换带以其重要石油地质意义而受到学者们的广泛关注,尤其强调转换斜坡对大型砂体展布方向及堆积范围的控制.针对转换带及附近陡坡带的砂体及优质储层分布规律的复杂性,以惠州凹陷西南缘为例提出一种基于"转换体"概念的转换体优质砂体预测方法.相比于转换带,转换体研究变"带"为"体",是对转换带的扩充和深入.研究范围上,将转换斜坡带与断控陡坡纳为组合体,强调两者在三维立体组合下沉积体存在动态时空交互作用;研究内容上,以"构造-地貌-沉积-储层"思路来分析优质砂体的成因及演化.基于"转换体"的优质砂体预测方法,指出惠州26洼西南缘可划分出"锐角-直角-钝角"三类转换体模型,在不同类型转换体的构造-地貌格局下,陡坡和转换斜坡扇体间具有孤立-叠加-联控三类控沉效应,其对应储层物性逐渐变好.系统解析惠州凹陷转换体控沉-控储特性对完善转换体系框架有理论意义,同时可服务大中型油气田的勘探需求.     

Research Progress of Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide

Nowadays, researchers pay more attention to the atmospheric CO, which are including the chemical characteristics of atmospheric CO and its indirect effects on the climate, environment pollution monitoring, the source and sink, the distribution characteristics and change rules of its concentration and so on. In order to understand the research status well, we carried out a preliminary summary about the research methods of atmospheric CO based on the former research. The purpose of this study is to give some reasonable suggestions to improve the observation of the Polar Regions and the atmospheric chemical models.     

Rapid estimation of soil heavy metal nickel content based on optimized screening of near-infrared spectral bands

In near-infrared spectroscopy,the traditional feature band extraction method has certain limitations.Therefore,a band extraction method named the three-step extraction method was proposed.This method combines characteristic absorption bands and correlation coefficients to select characteristic bands corresponding to various spectral forms and then uses stepwise regression to eliminate meaningless variables.Partial least squares regression(PLSR)and extreme learning machine(ELM)models were used to verify the effect of the band extraction method.Results show that the differential transformation of the spectrum can effectively improve the correlation between the spectrum and nickel(Ni)content.Most correlation coefficients were above 0.7 and approximately 20%higher than those of other transformation methods.The model effect established by the feature variable selection method based on comprehensive spectral transformation is only slightly affected by the spectral transformation form.Infive types of spectral transformation,the RPD values of the proposed method were all within the same level.The RPD values of the PLSR model were concentrated between 1.6 and 1.8,and those of the ELM model were between 2.5 and2.9,indicating that this method is beneficial for extracting more complete spectral features.The combination of the three-step extraction method and ELM algorithm can effectively retain important bands associated with the Ni content of the soil.The model based on the spectral band selected by the three-step extraction method has better prediction ability than the other models.The ELM model of the first-order differential transformation has the best prediction accuracy(RP^2=0.923,RPD=3.634).The research results provide some technical support for monitoring heavy metal content spectrum in local soils.     

Improvement of mid- to long-term runoff forecasting based on physical causes: application in Nenjiang basin,China

Abstract

An artificial neural network, mid- to long-term runoff forecasting model of the Nenjiang basin was established by deciding predictors using the physical analysis method, combined with long-term hydrological and meteorological information. The forecasting model was gradually improved while considering physical factors, such as the main flood season and non-flood season by stage, runoff sources and hydrological processes. The average relative errors in the simulation tests of the prediction model were 0.33 in the main flood season and 0.26 in the non-flood season, indicating that the prediction accuracy during the non-flood season was greater than that in the main flood season. Based on these standards, forecasting accuracy evaluation was conducted by comparing forecasting results with actual conditions: for 2001 to 2003 data, the pass rate of forecasting in the main flood season was 50%, while it was 93% in the non-flood season; for 2001–2010, the respective values were 45% and 72%. The accuracy of prediction was found to decrease as the length of record increases.

Editor D. Koutsoyiannis, Associate editor A. Viglione

Citation Li, H.-Y. Tian, L., Wu, Y., and Xie, M., 2013. Improvement of mid- to long-term runoff forecasting based on physical causes: application in Nenjiang basin, China. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 58 (7), 1414–1422.     

中国数字地震台网(CDSN)技术系统

中国数字地震台网(CDSN)经过第3期升级改造后,硬件系统性能有了质的飞跃,设备的可维护性及数据稳定性全面提升,系统的复杂程度也逐渐攀升。本文详细介绍CDSN技术系统的构成及升级过程,阐述技术规范和实施细节及对CDSN技术改造发挥的作用。     

基于三参量威布尔分布的潜在震源区强震危险性估计

本文提出了一种基于三参量威布尔分布模型估计潜在震源区强震危险性的方法。选择日本东海-南海地震带为潜在震源区,分别基于强震发震时间间隔服从二参量和三参量的威布尔分布,估计该区强震危险性,结果表明三参量威布尔分布的拟合效果优于二参量威布尔分布。选择马尼拉海沟俯冲带为潜在震源区,基于三参量威布尔分布估计该区强震危险性,结果显示未来10、30和50年该区强震（M≧7.5）复发概率分别为62%、82%和89%,最短发震时间间隔估计为1.70年。     

The Research of the Activity of the Piedmont Fault on the Tangshankou Segment of the Yuguang Basin Southern Marginal Fault

The Yuguang basin is a half-graben basin in the basin-range tectonic zone in northwest Beijing, located at the northern end of the Shanxi graben system, and the Yuguang basin southern marginal fault (YBSMF) controls the formation of this basin. A linear fault escarpment has formed in the proluvial fan on the piedmont fault zone of the Tangshankou segment of YBSMF. A trench across this escarpment reveals three paleo-earthquake events on two active faults. One fault ruptured at about 9ka for the first time, and then faulted again at about 7.3ka, causing the formation and synchronous activity of another fault. Finally, they faulted for the third time, but we cannot determine the faulting time due to the lack of relevant surface deposition. The accumulative vertical displacement of these three events is about 8.1m. We estimate that the average recurrence period of the piedmont fault is about 1.7ka, and the average slip rate of the piedmont fault is about 1.6mm/a. We also estimate the reference magnitude of each event according to the empirical formula.     

青藏高原东北隅似三联点构造特征

在大陆内部,对于一定尺度的构造块体,似三联点构造是一种普通的构造形式。由于大陆内部块体旋转的普遍性,似三联点构造可形成顺旋型和逆旋型两种构造型式。