HJ-1A/B卫星CCD影像的武汉市东湖水色三要素遥感研究

以武汉市东湖为研究区域,利用同步的MODIS-Terra气溶胶光学厚度数据为输入参数,采用FLAASH模型对2010年3月11日HJ-1A/B卫星CCD影像进行大气校正处理,并利用多年实测数据建立叶绿素a浓度、悬浮泥沙浓度、黄色物质吸收系数三要素神经网络反演模型,对水色三要素进行反演。通过对反演结果与实测数据的对比分析可知,悬浮泥沙浓度、黄色物质吸收系数和叶绿素a浓度的平均相对误差分别为28.052%、17.628%和35.621%,表明HJ-1A/B卫星CCD传感器基本能满足II类水体水色要素的遥感监测需求。     

逻辑组合因子的格筛选法

在一般的事件概率回归估计予报方法中,所有可能预报因子都是线性的。可是,实际经验表明,仅仅考虑预报量与预报因子之间的线性关系往往还不能确切反映客观规律。因此,寻求非线性因子对于提高预报效果是有意义的。利用布尔结构可以给出对非线性的逻辑代数组合因子进行筛选的方法,我们称为逻辑组合因子的格筛选法。受这一思路启发,我们开展了非线性事件概率回归估计的试验,效果比通常的事件概率回归好。     

东太平洋锰结核中叠层石纹层周期信号的谱分析及其意义

利用光学显微镜对一取自东太平洋的光滑型锰结核中的叠层石纹层进行分级统计，得到纹层带、纹层组和纹层对的韵律周期分别约为500μm、50－42．8μm和11－9．0μm。利用电子探针线扫描分析获取了锰结核磨光面上一生长剖面（长0．7mm)的Si、Al、Fe、Mn元素的含量变化序列，运用功率谱分析方法识别出上述4种元素序列具有111．3μm、46．5－40．6μm、24．9－28．1μm、23．1－23．9μm和11．7－13．4μm的显著振荡周期。除了纹层带周期由于受剖面长度限制没有出现外，显微镜下统计得到的叠层石的纹层组和纹层对周期在元素序列的功率谱分析结果上均得到了反映。通过对锰结核生长速率的讨论，认为锰结核的纹层韵律很可能与地球轨道参数的周期性变化有关，纹层组周期可能对应地球轨道的黄赤交角变化周期，纹层对周期可能对应地球轨道的半岁差周期，所研究剖面叠层石的生长速率约为1．134mm/Ma。     

新疆西南天山超高压变质带的形成与演化

本文系统地总结了近年来有关新疆西南天山超高压变质带在野外地质产状、岩石学、矿物学、地球化学和年代学等方面研究取得的进展。根据野外地质产状特征,西南天山出露的榴辉岩可以分为三类:即在蓝片岩中呈透镜体的块状榴辉岩、保存有玄武岩岩枕的枕状榴辉岩和夹杂在大理岩中的条带状榴辉岩。详细的岩石学研究表明它们都经历过超高压变质作用,其变质作用演化经历了3个阶段:峰期榴辉岩阶段(560～600℃,4.95～5.07GPa)、主期榴辉岩阶段(598～496℃,25.72～26.66±1kbar)和退变绿帘石蓝片岩相阶段。地球化学研究显示其原岩相当于源于富集地幔的(ε_(Nd)-1.4～-0.4)具有 OIB 特点的变碱性玄武岩、源于亏损地幔的(ε_(Nd)= 6.7～ 7.4)具有 NMORB 特点的洋中脊玄武岩和源于较富集地幔的(ε_(Nd)=-2.5～ 3.2)具有 EMORB 特点的洋中脊玄武岩,它们形成于海山环境下的洋壳。榴辉岩中锆石 SHRIMP定年结果表明榴辉岩的原岩形成于石炭纪(>310Ma)之前,洋壳开始俯冲发生在二叠纪末(280～290Ma),高压一超高压变质发生在三叠纪(220～230Ma)。结合在其北侧低压麻粒岩带的发现,提出了新疆西南天山超高压变质带双变质带构造演化模式。     

Structures of Syn-deformational Granites in the Longquanguan Shear Zone and Their Monazite Electronic Microprobe Dating

The Longquanguan shear zone is an important structural belt in the North China Craton, separating the underlying Fuping complex from the overlying Wutai complex. This shear zone has experienced three episodes of deformation： the first and main episode is a ductile top-to-ESE shear along the gently northwest-west dipping foliations, while the other two episodes are later collapse sliding. Prolonged granites parallel to the shear foliations make one of the main compositions of the Longquanguan shear zone. These granites experienced deformation to form mylonitic rocks when they emplaced during the first episode of deformation. Structural characters of the granites and their contacts to the country rocks indicate that these granites possibly resulted from in-situ partial remelting by shearing, i.e., they are syn-deformational granites. Monazites in these mylonitic granites are magmatic minerals and their crystallization ages may represent ages of the magmatic events, and also the ages for the main deformation of the Longquanguan shear zone. Monazite electronic microprobe dating were carried on two samples of granite, which gives multiple peak ages, among which 1,846 Ma and 1,877 Ma are the main peak ages for the two samples. These ages represent the main deformation of the Longquanguan shear zone, which is consistent with the main regional geological event at about 1,850 Ma caused by the collision between the Eastern and Western Blocks in North China. The good match between the monazite ages and the corresponding regional tectono-thermal events shows the feasibility and reliability of monazite electronic microprobe dating.     

峨眉大火成岩省的岩石地球化学特征及时限

本文根据盐源－丽江岩区和攀西岩区峨眉山玄武岩的地球化学组成，包括各种氧化物之间的关系、微量元素标准化曲线、Th/Yb与Ta/Yb、Ce/Nb与Th/Nb，以及^87Sr/^86Sr与^143Nd/^144Nd值的相互关系，重点对峨眉山玄武岩地幔源的地球化学特点、上扬子地区岩石圈地幔的地球化学特征及成因、地幔热柱与岩石圈地幔的相互作用，以及峨眉山玄武岩的喷发时限进行了初步探讨。     

SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb Chronology and Geochemistry of the Henglingguan and Beiyu Granitoids in the Zhongtiao Mountains, Shanxi Province

Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic granitoids, distributed in the northwest of the Zhongtiaoshan Precambrian complex, comprise trondhjemites and calc-alkaline monzogranites, displaying intrusive contacts with the Archean Zhaizi TTG gneisses. And the Beiyu metamorphic granitoids consist mainly of trondhjemites, distributed at the core of the Hujiayu anticline fold. New SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating data show that the weighted mean ^207pb/^206pb ages are 2435.9 Ma and 2477 Ma for the Henglingguan metamorphic calc-alkaline monzogranites and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites, respectively, and reveal -2600 Ma inherited core in magmatic zircons. Whole-rock geochemical data indicate that all the Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites and calc- alkaline monzogranites belong to the metaluminous medium- and high-potassium calc-alkaline series. These rocks are characterized by relatively high total alkali contents （Na2O＋K2O, up to 9.08%）, depleted Nb, Ta, P and Ti, and right-declined REE patterns with moderate to high LREEs/HREEs fractionation （the mean ratio of （La/Yb）n = 25）. The Henglingguan and Beiyu metamorphic trondhjemites display negative Rb, Th and K anomalies in the multi-dement spider diagrams normalized by primitive mantle. Sm-Nd isotopic data reveal that these granitoids have initial εNd（t） =-1.2 to ＋2.4 and Nd depleted mantle model ages of TMD = 2622 Ma-2939 Ma. All these geochemical features indicate that these granitoids were formed in an continent-marginal arc, and the trondhjemites mainly originated from partial melting of juvenile basaltic materials and, howbeit, the Henglingguan metamorphic calc-alkaline monzogranites derived from recycling of materials in the ancient crust under a continent-marginal arc. The granitic magma underwent contamination and fractional crystallization during their formation.     

南天山榆树沟高压麻粒岩地体多期变质定年研究

通过详细的矿物学及岩石学研究,特别是对角闪石的系统研究,确定榆树沟麻粒岩地体至少经历过高压麻粒岩相、中压麻粒岩相、角闪岩相和绿片岩相四期变质作用的改造。总结了各期变质作用的期次和特点。在此基础上,采用~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar同位素定年获得368.2±4.8Ma坪年龄和360±10Ma等时线年龄。采用Sm-Nd同位素矿物等时线定年获得Gra+Pl+Ⅰlm+全岩的等时线年龄为310±5Ma。结合已发表的定年结果综合分析认为,前者可代表榆树沟地体峰期变质-高压麻粒岩相变质作用年龄;后者为峰期后经受中压麻粒岩相变质变形的叠加改造年龄。讨论了多期变质作用中同位素的均一化和封闭温度问题。     

油气储层研究所面临的挑战与新动向

本文通过野外与室内详细的观察与测试分析，深入系统地研究了鄂尔多斯地区下古生界主力气层准同生白云岩的岩石学特征，并配合阴极发光、微量元素、电子探针、氧碳同位素及扫描电镜等多种测试手段，研究其形成机理，进一步将之划分为云坪型准同生白云岩、膏盐湖型和受改造型准同生白云岩，并分别论述了它们的油气储集性。