油气包裹体的显微红外光谱测试技术及应用

单一油气包裹体的成分一直是地质学家关注的焦点,它能为油气成藏研究提供最直接的证据。显微红外光谱技术可以测定单个油气包裹体的成分、分子结构和其中油气包裹体的成熟度。本文应用显微红外光谱技术、包裹体的鉴定和均一温度测定技术,分析了大庆探区海拉尔盆地乌27井、巴16井、希3井等样品的包裹体。研究表明,乌27井有过两期成藏,并以第二期为主;巴16井也有过两期主要成藏,且第二期具混源的特点;希3井只有一次主要成藏期。同时利用红外光谱的CH2/CH3值、Xinc、Xstd划分了三口井的油气成藏期次,结果与镜下鉴定结论相一致,并确定了其中油气包裹体的成熟度。本文还探讨了显微-红外光谱测试单一油气包裹体的发展方向。     

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寻路地图设计中相关问题研究

以郑州市街头的寻路地图为例,对其设计现状进行了分析,指出了这些地图的特点和其在设计上存在的不足之处.根据寻路地图的目的和用户的特殊性,制作了寻路地图样图,并就其在定向和路线选择等方面进行了试验,对实验结果进行了分析和研究.结果表明地图内容、参考方向和地图符号是影响用户定向和路线选择的主要因素.以此为基础,得出了寻路地图设计中应当遵循的一些规律.     

Exploring spatial-temporal change and gravity center movement of construction land in the Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration

Urban agglomeration is caused by the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process in China. Studying the expansion of construction land can not only know the changes and development of urban agglomeration in time, but also obtain the great significance of the future management. In this study, taking Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan (Chang-Zhu-Tan) urban agglomeration in Hunan province as a study area, Landsat images from 1995 to 2014 and Autologistic-CLUE-S model simulation data were used. Moreover, several factors including gravity center, direction, distance and landscape index were considered in the analysis of the expansion. The results revealed that the construction area increased by 132.18%, from 372.28 km² in 1995 to 864.37 km² in 2014. And it might even reach 1327.23 km² in 2023. Before 2014, three cities had their own respective and discrete development directions. However, because of the integration policy implementation in 2008, the Chang-Zhu-Tan began to gather, the gravity center moved southward after 2014, and the distance between cities decreased, which was in line with the development plan of urban expansion. The research methods and results were relatively reliable, and these results could provide some reference for the future land use planning and spatial allocation in the urbanization process of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration.

     

对山东省绿色矿山建设与发展的思考

绿色矿山建设是矿业健康持续发展的时代要求,是矿产资源管理制度改革发展的重要方向,是建设生态文明、矿业转型升级的必然选择,是山东省矿业发展的必由之路。该文重点论述绿色矿山的内涵、基本条件、重要意义,分析了山东省绿色矿山建设面临的数量偏少、地方标准不健全、各职能部门协同机制有待进一步完善等多方面问题。并在此基础上,提出下步山东省绿色矿山建设的几点建议,包括严格规划管控、坚持试点引路及推进标杆企业建设、加快标准制定及出台相关管理办法、积极推动绿色矿业发展示范区建设等多项建议。     

Subsurface target recognition in Utopia Planitia of Mars by Tianwen-1 FP-SPR simulation

As a cold and dry planet, Mars contains water resources in the form of water ice, so that the electromagnetic waves can be transmitted to the deep underground to get the information of the topography and subsurface geological structure. Subsurface penetrating radar(SPR) can be widely used in deep space exploration for a long time because of its non-destructive detection mode and its working characteristics not limited by visible light. It is an important type of equipment for detecting the subsurface structure of planets. Orbiter radar is mainly used in Mars exploration. However, because of its low resolution, it is difficult to describe the near surface structure, so there is a lack of radar data which can reflect the shallow information. In this paper, a three-dimensional near surface model of Utopia Planitia on Mars is established. In order to make the simulation results more reasonable, the key factors such as topographic relief, subsurface rocks and water ice, and the variation of dielectric constant in different layers are taken into account. Then the full polarization forward modeling is carried out by using the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. The acquired full polarimetric subsurface penetrating radar(FP-SPR) data with noise is preprocessed and further processed by Pauli decomposition. The underground reflection can be picked up more clearly from the Pauli decomposition results. This work is helpful to identify more details of subsurface structures and provides a reference for the measured data in the future.     

Microtremor-based analysis of the dynamic response characteristics of earth-fissured sites in the Datong basin,China

This study conducted microtremor testing along six survey lines that cross three typical earth fissures in the Datong basin to determine the dynamic response characteristics of earth fissure sites with regard to the Fourier amplitude spectrum, response spectrum, and Arias intensity. The results show the following.(1) The predominant frequency of an earth fissure site is mainly affected by the thickness and the shear wave velocity of the soil layer and is minimally effected by the presence of an earth fissure.(2) Earth fissures have a pronounced amplification effect on dynamic response. Fourier amplitude, response acceleration, and Arias intensity are high near an earth fissure and decrease with an increase in distance from the earth fissure, tending toward stability at a distance of 20 m.(3) The area that is seriously affected by this amplification is within 6–8 m of an earth fissure, and the general affected area is farther out than this, to a distance of 25 m.(4) New construction should be avoided in an area affected by the amplification, and existing buildings in general and seriously affected areas need to be reinforced to increase their seismic fortification intensity.     

闽三角红树林底栖软体动物共存格局及机制

以漳江口国家级红树林自然保护区、九龙江口省级红树林自然保护区和泉州湾省级湿地保护区3个红树林分布区作为研究对象,研究底栖软体动物在中等尺度下的共存格局及机制。利用非度量多维标度分析、基于蒙特卡洛的零模型和网络分析探讨底栖软体动物的共存格局,利用raup-crik零模型识别决定性过程和随机过程测定底栖软体动物的相对重要性。结果显示,漳江口、九龙江口和泉州湾湿地共发现37种底栖软体动物,底栖软体动物的平均密度、物种数及群落物种组成差异显著。软体动物的共存格局呈现非随机分散和模块化,这些格局同时受到决定性过程和随机过程的调控作用,其中,物种竞争起主导作用。     

河南省气温资料均一化前后气温变化趋势对比分析

基于河南省111个气象站1961—2017年均一化前后逐日平均气温数据,采用统计分析方法,分析均一化前后河南省年、四季和月的平均气温变化规律及其空间分布,以期明确非自然因素对河南省平均气温变化趋势的影响.结果表明:1961—2017年,均一化前后河南省年平均气温均呈显著上升,均一化后增温速率为0.21℃/10 a,较均...     

中国内蒙古下白垩统白彦华群胜利组的首个同位素年龄

由于丰富的煤炭资源,内蒙古的下白垩统地层具有重要的经济价值.但长期以来相关地层一直缺乏同位素测年研究,影响了区域地层对比工作的开展.本文对内蒙古锡林浩特下白垩统胜利组煤层夹层中的火山灰锆石应用LA-ICP-MS进行U-Pb法测年,结果显示胜利组5煤(层)和6煤(层)形成于大约109-107 Ma(早白垩世阿尔布期).这...