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91.
特提斯最初是指欧亚大陆南缘的古海洋,后逐渐引申出从元古宙、古生代到中生代的一系列位于劳亚大陆与冈瓦纳大陆之间的古大洋,如原特提斯洋、古特提斯洋和新特提斯洋,不同大洋在时间上前后交叠。如今横亘在冈瓦纳大陆(南极洲)和欧亚大陆之间的是印度洋,是新特提斯洋的继承者,可以另称为“全新特提斯洋”。这一概念的引申直接体现了印度洋与特提斯构造域一脉相承的关系,有助于将今论古、由此及彼,更直观地了解特提斯构造域的演化过程。本文按时间序列梳理了印度洋的大地构造演化和岩浆作用过程,识别了印度洋在155 Ma、120 Ma、90~84 Ma、76 Ma、65 Ma、52 Ma、45 Ma、38 Ma等关键时期的异常海底扩张记录,这些扩张事件将为标定新特提斯构造域的演化提供参照。其中155 Ma可能指示了新特提斯洋的鼎盛期,90 Ma指示了新特提斯洋的洋中脊俯冲,76~52 Ma是非洲-阿拉伯大陆与欧亚大陆初始碰撞-主碰撞(即新特提斯洋西部关闭)的时期,65~45 Ma是印度次大陆与欧亚大陆初始碰撞-主碰撞(即新特提斯洋中部关闭)的时期,38 Ma是澳大利亚北部大洋开始净俯冲(即新提斯洋东部开始消减)的时间。... 相似文献
92.
各向异性研究是当令地震学研究领域中重要课题之一;三分量地震资料中各向异性的检测是各向异性理论研究成果解决地球科学实际问题的重要桥梁。本文简要描述了各向异性介质中横波分裂现象,分别介绍了现有的四种主要检测技术,即偏振图法、协方差拒阵法、质,点振动分辨率法及传输矩阵法,并对这四种技术作了一定的评述。 相似文献
93.
Rock-magnetic proxies of climate change in the loess-palaeosol sequences of the western Loess Plateau of China 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Christopher P. Hunt Subir K. Banerjee Jiamao Han Peter A. Solheid Eric Oches Weiwei Sun Tungsheng Liu 《Geophysical Journal International》1995,123(1):232-244
Results of the first detailed study of the climate proxy record in the loess-palaeosol sequence at Xining-one of the few palaeoclimate sites in the currently arid western Loess Plateau of China-illustrate the importance of making many types of rock-magnetic measurements other than susceptibility. A multiparameter approach yielded confirmation that here, as elsewhere in the Loess Plateau, the susceptibility enhancement in palaeosols was caused primarily by ultrafine magnetite and maghaemite. Nevertheless, magnetic enhancement was caused not exclusively by changes in relative grain size, but also by variations in concentration and mineralogy of the magnetic fraction.
The effects of concentration variations were removed through normalization of susceptibility and anhysteretic remanence with saturation magnetization and saturation remanence, respectively. the resulting signal was ascribed more confidently to variation in magnetic grain size, which in turn was interpreted as a better proxy of pedogenesis than simple susceptibility. Variations in magnetic mineralogy were also determined to constrain interpretations further. the data were then used to discuss climate history at Xining. Finally, results from Xining were compared with other western sites and contrasted with eastern sites.
In summary: (1) data is presented from a new Loess Plateau site which also appears to yield a global climate signal; (2) a demonstration is made of a more rock-magnetically robust way to separate concentration, composition and grain-size controls on susceptibility and other magnetic parameters; and (3) models are provided for inter-regional comparisons of palaeoclimate proxy records. 相似文献
The effects of concentration variations were removed through normalization of susceptibility and anhysteretic remanence with saturation magnetization and saturation remanence, respectively. the resulting signal was ascribed more confidently to variation in magnetic grain size, which in turn was interpreted as a better proxy of pedogenesis than simple susceptibility. Variations in magnetic mineralogy were also determined to constrain interpretations further. the data were then used to discuss climate history at Xining. Finally, results from Xining were compared with other western sites and contrasted with eastern sites.
In summary: (1) data is presented from a new Loess Plateau site which also appears to yield a global climate signal; (2) a demonstration is made of a more rock-magnetically robust way to separate concentration, composition and grain-size controls on susceptibility and other magnetic parameters; and (3) models are provided for inter-regional comparisons of palaeoclimate proxy records. 相似文献
94.
本文记述了在扶余油田采用井间电磁波和声波CT方法进行的试验。阐述了试验的意义、理论基础、计算方法、实施方案及成果几方面。试验结果表明电磁波的工作频率应降低到至少几百KHz以下才能适于油田应用。100m井间距的声波成像获得了成功,两个油层均有清晰显示。最后,对技术的发展提出了建议。 相似文献
95.
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97.
基于在河南、湖北、江苏、安徽等省和西藏自治区进行的人工地震测深工作,详细分析了不同爆炸方式(水中爆炸、井中组合爆炸、矿山和洞室爆炸),不同炸药量(1.2~500吨)和不同观测距离(5~500公里)的实测资料,讨论了爆炸方式与衰减的关系。结果表明,水中爆炸的弹性波转换系数最大,并以组合爆炸方式获得最佳的效果。本文提出地震测深中的地震波衰减遵循关系式:V_m=β(R/W~1/3)-r式中,V_m 为地表运动最大速度,(R/W~1/3) 为折合距离,r 为衰减系数。(r=1.5~1.6)。文中简要讨论了地壳厚度与地震波衰减的关系。 相似文献
98.
本文利用PS反射波探测了雅鲁藏布江北侧局部地区莫霍面的深度和起伏。在亚东—当雄测线的径向方向上记录到一个尚为清楚的PS反射波,视速度为8.35±0.28公里/秒,在同一莫霍面部分使用了PS和PP震相的走时,求得下地壳结构。莫霍面的倾角为-0.83°~0.84°,该面的深度为68~69公里左右,从结果表明该地区莫霍面起伏不大,地壳基本上是水平的。作者认为利用PS反射波测定莫霍面起伏状态是很有用的,值得进一步探讨。 相似文献
99.
The formal solutions of displacement field to the problem of elastic wave scattering and diffraction due to an infinitely long rigid cylinder embedded in an infinite elastic medium by an impulsive point source have been obtained in the integral form. The integrals for the reflected and the diffracted waves both in the shadow zone and in the illuminated zone are evaluated asymptotically for the early time motion by the Reisdue-Cagniard method and the Saddle-point-Cagniard method.Numerical results of the diffractedP, S andPS waves at a fixed circum-distance from the surface of the rigid cylinder show noticeably that (1) the energy partition for the diffractedS wave is small in comparison with that for the diffractedP wave, (2) the wave form of the diffractedS wave is broader and more diffused than that of the diffractedP wave, (3) the direction of the radial motions of the diffractedP andS waves varies as a function of the observational point, and (4) the energy partition for the diffractedP wave is much smaller than that for the direct or the reflectedP waves.This paper has been presented at the 46th Annual International Meeting of Society of Exploration Geophysicists in Houston, Texas, Oct. 28, 1976. 相似文献
100.
地壳与上地幔是人类居住与获取各种资源、能源,改造和利用自然的重要场所,是地球科学的基础与生长点,六十年代以来发展迅猛。中国大陆、海域和过渡带地区的地壳和上地幔物理探索,在全球板块构造和驱动机制的研究具有特殊地位,文中分别就1)青藏高原地区的地壳结构,2)青海、甘肃地区地壳结构和地壳中的高速块层,3)中原地区的地壳与上地幔结构,4)京津及外围地区的地壳结构,5)隋县—南京—启东和隋县—安阳人工地震探测面的观测,6)利用面波和远震P波确定中国地壳和上地幔结构,7)中国地壳结构的基本轮廓等方面进行了讨论。 相似文献