地震瞬时属性分析技术在岩溶勘查中的应用

介绍地震瞬时属性分析技术的原理及处理方法,分别对岩溶在地震剖面、瞬时振幅剖面、瞬时频率剖面、瞬时相位剖面上的表现特征作了说明.并结合实际资料进行多参数解释,进而确定地下岩溶的发育情况、分布范围和规模,同时对异常进行钻井验证,结果表明,地震瞬时属性分析技术比常规地震处理方法能更好地排除干扰,确定岩溶异常.     

GPS observations of the ionospheric F2-layer behavior during the 20th November 2003 geomagnetic storm over South Korea

The ionospheric F2-layer peak density (NmF2) and its height (hmF2) are of great influence on the shape of the ionospheric electron density profile Ne (h) and may be indicative of other physical processes within the ionosphere, especially those due to geomagnetic storms. Such parameters are often estimated using models such as the semiempirical international reference ionosphere (IRI) models or are measured using moderately priced to expensive instrumentation, such as ionosondes or incoherent scatter radars. Global positioning system (GPS) observations have become a powerful tool for mapping high-resolution ionospheric structures, which can be used to study the ionospheric response to geomagnetic storms. In this paper, we describe how 3-D ionospheric electron density profiles were produced from data of the dense permanent Korean GPS network using the tomography reconstruction technique. These profiles are verified by independent ionosonde data. The responses of GPS-derived parameters at the ionospheric F2-layer to the 20th November 2003 geomagnetic storm over South Korea are investigated. A fairly large increase in the electron density at the F2-layer peak (the NmF2) (positive storm) has been observed during this storm, which is accompanied by a significant uplift in the height of the F2 layer peak (the hmF2). This is confirmed by independent ionosonde observations. We suggest that the F2-layer peak height uplift and NmF2 increase are mainly associated with a strong eastward electric field, and are not associated with the increase of the O/N₂ ratio obtained from the GUVI instruments aboard the TIMED satellite. It is also inferred that the increase in NmF2 is not caused by the changes in neutral composition, but is related to other nonchemical effects, such as dynamical changes of vertical ion motions induced by winds and E × B drifts, tides and waves in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere region, which can be dynamically coupled upward to generate ionospheric perturbations and oscillations.     

像素级遥感图像融合方法研究

多传感器遥感图像融合按信息表征层次的不同,可以分为像素级融合、特征级融合和决策级融合。本文介绍了像素级层次上的多种遥感图像融合方法,阐述了其融合原理和实现过程,分析了它们适用性和优缺点,并给出了遥感图像融合的一般评价指标。     

On the Use of CloudSat and MODIS Data for Estimating Hurricane Intensity

This letter presents preliminary results concerning the use of new observations from the A-Train Constellation for testing a new technique of remotely sensing hurricane intensity from space based on modeling a hurricane as a balanced, convectively neutral vortex. The key observational requirements are simultaneous, accurate measurements of cloud-top height, cloudtop temperature, and cloud profiling information across the center of the storm, although there are ways to bypass the need for cloud-top temperature. In this letter, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer onboard Aqua provides an estimation of the cloud-top temperature, and the near-simultaneous CloudSat observations provide the essential cloud-top height and cloud profiling information. Initial results indicate that the new technique is a promising method for estimating storm intensity when compared post facto to the best track database. Potential uncertainties and room for further refinement of the technique are discussed.     

成都经济区天降水与下渗水元素地球化学特征及土壤元素输入输出通量

论文研究了成都经济区天降水和下渗水中元素含量、在农田耕层中的输入输出通量及其影响因素.研究表明,研究区雨水中含有大量SO2-4、NO-3等酸性物质,雨水中SO2-4 >NO-3>Cl-.雨水中Ca2 和NH 4含量最高,且NH 4>Ca2 >K >Na >Mg2 .雨水的pH与阴、阳离子摩尔浓度差值具有显著相关性.下渗水中以Ca2 为主要阳离子,且Ca2 >Na >Mg2 >K >NH 4;HCO-3为主要阴离子,且HCO-3>NO-3>SO2-4>Cl->F-,下渗水pH与阳、阴离子摩尔浓度差值具有显著相关性.不同地区雨水中Pb>As>Cd>Se>Hg,下渗水中Pb>As>Se>Cd>Hg,因此,Cd、Pb、Se和Hg等元素累积在耕层中,而As则被下渗水携带迁移出耕层进入地下水.由降雨输入土壤中的Cd通量均大于下渗水输出Cd的通量,局部地区As下渗通量高于雨水输入通量的5.45～13.16倍.土壤中元素的下渗比与土壤质地、pH有关.     

GPSRTK 配合GPRS通讯模块在管线测量中的应用

通过对比GPS RTK常规PDL电台与GPRS通讯模块在外业测量过程中效果,并从施工组织、生产效率与精度评定等方面进行比较,证实GPS测量技术具有快捷、精确、操作简便等优点,因而在长距离输油管道中线测量中,应用GPS RTK配合GPRS通讯模块的方法,可以取得提高作业效率及节省外业测量费用等效果.     

基于MATLAB图像处理工具箱IPT函数的遥感图像配准

遥感图像配准是遥感图像拼接、信息融合的基础,是对遥感图像定量应用和研究的关键环节.MATLAB的图像处理工具箱IPT(Image Processing Toolbox)提供有基于点特征进行图像配准的函数,利用这些函数可以方便快捷地完成图像之间的配准.论文首先对图像配准及基于点特征的遥感图像配准作了详细的介绍,然后对IPT中配准函数的语法格式作了详尽的分析,并对两幅遥感图像进行了配准操作,最后对该方法进行了结论性分析,阐明该方法的应用价值与可改进之处.     

基于ArcGIS的基础地理空间数据管理系统的设计与实现

近年来,基础地理空间数据逐渐从 CAD 图文件或影像图文件管理等为主的方式,向全 GIS化的方式转变。根据基础地理空间数据具有超海量、矢栅一体化管理等特点,采用最新的 GIS 技术,设计并实现了一个基础地理空间数据管理系统,以解决目前基础地理空间数据的生产管理和数据共享中存在的问题。     

Geochemistry of Palaeoproterozoic Metasedimentary Rocks from the Zhong-tiao Mountains, North China Craton: Implications for Weathering, Sorting, Diagenesis, Provenance and Tectonic Setting

The geochemical and Sm-Nd isotopic compositions of Palaeoproterozoie metasedimentary rocks from the Jiangxian and Zhongtiao Groups, distributed in the Zhongtiao Mountains in the North China Craton, have been carried out in order to evaluate the provenance, and tectonic setting of the sedimentary basin.