Sequence analysis and quantitative detection of Norwalk-like viruses in cultured oysters of China

We isolated 4 Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) contaminated oysters from 33 Chinese oysters collected from local commer-cial sources of Shandong Province. After amplification of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region of NLVs genomes with RT-PCR, the open reading frame 1 (ORF1) of the RdRp was sequenced and subjected to multiple-sequence alignment. The re-suits showed that NLVs in the four isolates belong to genogroup Ⅱ. The sequence comparison showed that the similarity between four Chinese oyster isolates were higher than 99.0%, which indicated that NLVs prevalent in close areas have high homogeneity in genome sequences. In addition, the most conserved sequences between diverse NLVs were used to design primers and TaqMan probes, then the real-time quantitative PCR assay was performed. According to the standard curve of GII NLVs, the original amounts (copies) of NLVs in positive patient's fecal isolate, positive Japanese oyster isolate, and the Chinese oyster isolate were 8.9×108, 1.25×108 and 4.7×101 respectively. The detecting limit of NLVs was 1×101 copies. This study will be helpful for routine diagnosis of NLVs pathogens in foods and thus for avoiding food poisoning in the future.     

Co-dwelling,Mix-dwelling and Dis-dwelling: The Diversity Among Three Human and Livestock Dwelling Forms in Rural China

Humans and livestock have always dwelling together, especially in rural areas. Based on a multi-method approach of ethnographic fieldwork, grounded theory and one-way multivariate analysis of variance, this paper explores human and livestock dwelling. The findings show that human and livestock dwelling form a special type of human dwelling place, with forms defined as co-, mix- and dis-dwelling. Then, from co-, mix- to dis-dwelling constructed a story line to the evolution of human and livestock dwelling forms, which further explains the entire dwelling situation of humans and livestock, including the dimensions of human dweller, livestock dweller, the rural environment and special events. Among co-, mix- and dis-dwelling significant differences existed between human and livestock individuals, the nature of rural environment, vernacularity and rural tourism development. Between co- and dis-dwelling, significant differences existed in seventeen aspects; between mix- and dis-dwelling, significant differences existed in eleven aspects; meanwhile, no significant differences existed between co- and mix-dwelling. Accordingly, this suggested that human and livestock dwelling forms can be divided into mix- and dis-dwelling. This study on humans and livestock dwelling relationship offer a new perspective on rural and animal geography. This paper is an exploratory foray into rural dwelling geography as part of the Anthrozoology study and broadens the scope of extant scholarship on human dwelling morphology, as well as analyses the spatial relationships between human and livestock dwelling.     

基于阈值光电子-光离子符合技术的分子离子光谱和解离动力学研究

对电子和离子同时采用速度聚焦电场收集的阈值光电子-光离子符合成像谱仪能够有效提高电子的收集效率和能量分辨率.利用该符合成像谱仪,开展了Xe/Ar/Ne 惰性混合气体及NO 分子的阈值光电子谱、阈值光电子-光离子符合质谱和质量选择的符合光谱等实验研究,精确测量了NO 分子的电离势,并且获得了NO⁺离子振动态分辨的X¹Σ⁺,c³Π和B¹Π态光谱.还进一步研究了NO^{+ 相似文献}   

经济预测模型在土地规划中的应用与分析

主要介绍土地规划时需用到的几种预测模型 ,具体阐述了几种模型的原理 ,并以抚州地区的总人口历史数据为例 ,进行实际的预测与分析 ,从而总结各种模型的优缺点 ,选择最合适的土地规划预测模型。     

自适应非线性有限元的多重网格法求解及应用

描述了非线性自适应有限元的多重网格法求解过程。 通过算例说明了方法的有效性以及自适应多重网格有限元用于开挖施工过程模拟分析的优越性。     

云南个旧南部地区元素地球化学特征

在野外调研和大量样品采集分析的基础上， 运用数学地质中对应分析和因子分析两种方法对样品和变量进行分类划分和成因解释。首先，将样品和元素进行综合计算，按第一、二因子轴作出样品－元素因子平面图，在图上划分四个象限，按象限进行分类，探讨其样品－元素分类规律。其次，按象限计算因子载荷矩阵，分析各因子轴所代表的元素共生组成规律和成矿期次。根据上述研究认为第一因子轴（F1）所代表的Sn、Cu、Pb、Cu、Zn、Au、Ag等元素为主成矿元素组合和主成矿期次，而其它因子轴所代表的Mo、W、Bi、Be等元素为次成矿元素组合和次成矿期次。成矿作用是在区域构造应力驱动力的作用下，与花岗岩侵入有关。成矿溶液除来自深源以外，还与周围基性岩体（脉）和围岩密切相关，矿液实质是一种混合矿浆，在上升运移过程中，充填在有利的构造部位和有利 的地层层位中形成矿体。     

原子荧光法测定地质样品和生物样品中痕量锗

本义采用氢化物法分离技术，使样品溶液中的锗转变为气态氢化锗（ＧｅＨ＿４），达到与基体分离的目的，有效地消除了各种离子的干扰。研究并证明了在１５％以上的磷酸介质中，各种酸（ＨＣｌ，Ｈ＿２ＳＯ＿４，ＨＮＯ＿３，ＨＣＩＯ＿４）度在１％－１０％的范围内变化均不影响锗的测定，大大简化了操作手续，方法灵敏度高、使用范围广、准确、简便、快速。Ｇｅ的检出限为０．１μｇ／ｇ，相对标准偏差＜７％。可应用于地质，冶金，生物，环保，卫生，食品中微量锗的测定。     

用β—γ1.46Mev测定含钾样中的铀

在β-γ综合测铀基础上,用大晶体、大道宽,突出~(40)K的11.46MeVγ贡献,使钾的铀当量趋近零值,可以实现含钾样中铀的准确测定。     

钛基柱撑累托石矿物材料的研究

在氮气环境中用TiCI4和HCI制成钛基柱撑液，采用离子交换法，用[Ti20O32(OH)12(OH2)18]^4 Dawson型Ti多核阳离子，交换累托石蒙皂石质晶层中的Na等阳离子，制成钛基柱撑累托石。通过电子探针定量分析、X射线衍射、红外光谱、热分析及魔角旋转核磁共振等方法，对钛基柱撑累托石的成分、结构和热稳定性进行了表征。钛基柱撑累托石具1．6nm的层孔隙，是一种很有应用前途的柱撑粘土矿物材料，有望在催化剂载体及环保材料领域中得到广泛的使用。     

基于欧拉反褶积法的无人机航磁找矿应用

无人机航磁测量以其高效、安全、低成本等优点逐渐应用到中小面积大比例尺资源勘探领域。本文针对安徽芜湖市三山区22 km²区域构造刻画和找矿前景预测,开展1∶20 000高精度无人机航磁测量工作;推导了欧拉反演求解过程,并分析对比构造指数选取,使用构造指数为0的欧拉反褶积对航磁数据进行反演求解,获得地下磁异常体构造边界解集信息;将其应用到研究区域航磁数据反演,根据反演得到的边界位置和深度信息圈定了18处断裂,并结合异常特征给出了8.7 km²岩浆岩分布区,根据宁芜区域铁矿成矿特点,圈定岩浆分布区及边界为成矿详查区。