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751.
752.
IntroductionWith the most feasible and powerful technical support provided by the high-precision GPS measurement for the study on horizontal crustal deformation, the obtainment of various-scale horizontal movement data and its study over the whole world is now in the ascendant, and its applicable fields is now expanding successively. In China, besides the GPS monitoring networks for different applications arranged by many agencies and departments, the key scientific project Crustal Movement… 相似文献
753.
IntroductionThe wave propagation problems in saturated soil are very important for the civil engineering, geophysics and seismology. Biot (1956,1962) established the theory of wave propagation in saturated soil firstly, and hereafter many researchers have used Biot theory to study wave propagation problems in saturated soil. By using integral transform and potential function method, Philippacopoulos (1988) studied the Lamb(s problem of a vertical point force applied to the surface of saturate… 相似文献
754.
Partitioning of heavy metals on soil samples from column tests 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
R. N. Yong W. Z. W. Yaacob S. P. Bentley C. Harris B. K. Tan 《Engineering Geology》2001,60(1-4):307-322
In this study, column tests were used to determine the retention capability of three types of estuarine alluvia collected adjacent to landfill sites in South Wales. Selective sequential extraction (SSE) was used to study the retention mechanisms of heavy metals in the soil columns obtained from leaching experiments. Acid digestion was later used to check the validity of the SSE results. Breakthrough curves show good retention of heavy metal ions (Pb, Cu, and Zn) by all soils, where almost 99% of heavy metals were retained with the Ce/Co values in the order of 10−3. The retention strength of these soils was observed to be constant up to five pore volumes (PV). This corresponds with the pH of the effluents and pore water of soil slices, which also show good buffering capacity against very acidic leachate up to 5PV. The heavy metal extraction profiles from SSE show very similar trends with the retention profiles from the leaching experiments, where heavy metals were retained mainly at the top part where the leachate entered the column. SSE indicates qualitatively that heavy metals precipitated with carbonates and amorphous materials (oxides/hydroxides) are higher than heavy metal retention via exchangeable mechanisms. The mass balance calculation gives range of deviation of 1–16% of the total soil extraction. The distribution of the heavy metals with various soil constituents are ranked in the following order: Carbonates>Amorphous oxides hydroxides>Organic matter>Exchangeable phases. 相似文献
755.
We deal with a multi-parameter identification problem arising in oil industry. In the general case, we give a local solvability condition to guarantee the well-posedness of the problem. We discuss in detail the identification of two parameters for which some numerical results are given. 相似文献
756.
MEASUREMENTS AND MODEL SIMULATIONS OF SURFACE OZONE VARIATIONS AT DIFFERENT BACKGROUND CONCENTRATIONS OF THE PRECURSORS 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ozone photochemical production and loss in very different environments at Waliguan baselinestation and Lin'an background station were simulated by using the measurement data and photo-chemical box model.The results show that net ozone photochemical production rate is negative,about 0.5 ppb/d,at Waliguan baseline sation,because of very low precursor concentrations.Butat Lin'an background station,the net photochemical ozone production is positive,about 2—3 ppb/h.which is very closed with the measurement at Lin'an.That means ozone production was con-trolled by photochemical reactions at Lin'an background station,because of the higher precursorconcentrations.The net destruction rate,at Waliguan Mt.,is not large,so that future increase inanthropogenic emission of reactive nitrogen will lead to larger production rates of steady-state O_3concentration. 相似文献
757.
The survey for the HEIFE(Atmosphere-Land Surface Processes Experiment at Heihe RiverBasin,Western China)is given in the paper.The following basic subjects for land-surface process-es in arid areas are studied:(1)the general characteristics of the energy budget on ground surfacein arid areas;(2)the parameterization of the land surface processes;(3)the interaction betweenoasis and its desert circumstances,a special phenomenon in arid areas.The analysis shows that thesensible heat flux in the surface energy budget is in the majority,and the latent heat flux may beneglected.The influence of atmospheric stratification stability on the turbulent transfer of energyand substance must be considered in parameterization of land surface processes in arid areas.The“cold island effect”phenomenon in oasis and the“humidity inversion”phenomenon in desert nearoasis are the result of the interaction between them.The results would improve the understandingof land surface processes in arid areas. 相似文献
758.
In terms of observational analysis and numerical simulations,study is performed of thesynergistic effects of the tropical Indian Ocean and Pacific SSTA on the atmosphere in northern win-ter.It turns out that the SSTA features show in-phase variation for the Indian Ocean and the central/eastern Pacific at low latitudes and anti-phase change compared with that in the neighborhood of thewestern Pacific“warming pool”.When negative SSTA in the western Pacific and positive SSTA inthe central/eastern Pacific and the Indian Ocean are available,the 500 hPa height anomaly exhibits awave train of a positive-negative-positive anomaly following a great-circle path emanating from thesubtropical western Pacific via the NW portion to North America,with enhanced westerly jet overmidlatitude East Asia and the NW Pacific,and v.v.The comparison to the results from the numeri-cal modeling of the tropical western Pacific SSTA reveals the importance of the synergistic effects ofthe oceans on atmospheric circulations. 相似文献
759.
760.
大气臭氧与气溶胶垂直分布的高空气球探测 总被引:17,自引:2,他引:17
本文给出了1993年9月12日利用高空科学气球在河北省香河地区探测到的大气臭氧和气溶胶的垂直分布。结果发现:(1) 大气臭氧的数密度在整个对流层较低(~10[12]mol/cm3),并从地面到对流层顶略有下降;对流层顶以上开始快速增加,极值层高度在~24 km,其值为4.78×10[12]mol/cm3;臭氧分压有类似的分布特征,极值146×10[-4]Pa,位于同一高度;(2) 在平流层低层,臭氧分压有一个次极值62×10[-4]Pa,位于15~16 km;(3) 0~30 km大气气溶胶数密度呈现出三个峰值:143,8和1.1 个/cm[3],分别位于近地面、5 km和21 km;(4)气溶胶的数密度谱在对流层为双模态;在平流层,次峰消失。同时,我们还与其他观测结果作了比较分析。 相似文献