准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷梧桐沟组层序地层划分

准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷二叠系梧桐沟组作为一套重要的储集岩,具有良好的油气成藏前景,但对其层序划分及地层沉积样式的认识一直存在争议。在构造背景分析的基础上,结合岩芯、测井及地震资料,对研究区梧桐沟组层序地层划分及地层沉积样式研究表明,梧桐沟组沉积时期构造强度较弱,地形较为平缓,地层在全区稳定分布;中晚二叠世盆地发生造山运动,吉木萨尔凹陷东南边缘区域经过构造抬升,上部地层遭受不同程度的剥蚀,形成了现今"底平顶削"的地层样式。以凹陷中部少数地层保存较全的井的地层叠加样式分析为基础,通过井-震结合识别不同类型界面,特别是最大湖泛面,建立了区域层序地层格架,即梧桐沟组为一个完整的长期基准面旋回(三级层序),并在其内部识别出5个中期旋回。梧桐沟组地层在不同的层序发育时期表现出不同的旋回叠加样式:下段沉积时期,即最大湖泛面以下,随着可容纳空间的增大,地层表现为明显的退积叠加样式;上段沉积时期,即最大湖泛面以上,随着可容纳空间的减小,地层表现为明显的进积叠加样式,符合沉积物体积分配原理。     

GPS高层建筑物动态特性的小波分析提取

针对高层建筑物GPS动态监测数据特点,该文将小波分析技术应用于高层建筑物动态特性提取,研究了数据处理时4种阈值选取准则的好坏,针对观测数据不同阶段振幅和频率不同,提出分段、分层处理数据的思想,为了获得更全面的观测信号,将小波包分析应用于数据处理。结果表明:自适应阈值准则更适用于高层建筑物动态数据处理,采用分段分层的处理方法,既能满足去噪要求又能提取丰富的变形信息,小波包分析能有效提取高层建筑物动态特性,保留更多的动态信息。     

Analysis of estimated satellite clock biases and their effects on precise point positioning

This study provides a systemic analysis to identify the biases in estimated satellite clocks and illustrates their effects in precise point positioning (PPP). First, the precise satellite clock estimation method considering pseudorange and carrier phase hardware delays is derived. Two methods for satellite clock estimation are compared, and their equivalency is discussed. The results show that apart from the well-known constant code hardware biases, the time-variant phase hardware biases are also absorbed by the estimated clocks. Also, the satellite clocks contain biases caused by modeling errors. To analyze the effects of these biases, they are grouped into initial clock biases (ICBs) and time-dependent biases (TDBs). Then, a detailed analysis of the impact of the biases on PPP-based troposphere and coordinate estimates is conducted. The experimental analysis demonstrates that TDBs affect positioning and tropospheric estimates, and their impacts are more significant in the static mode. The ICBs affect coordinate accuracy, zenith total delay mean bias, and its standard deviations only at the millimeter level for kinematic and static PPP, which is negligible. However, the ICBs affect the convergence period for both static and real kinematic PPP, and the magnitude of their impact largely depends on data quality. Note that satellites clocks are generally estimated with the P1/P2 and L1/L2 ionospheric-free combinations, and that hardware-specific parts of ICBs and TDBs cancel if users employ the same type of observables as the clock providers. Otherwise, the effects of biases cannot be ignored, especially for triple-frequency applications. Also, modeling-specific parts of ICBs and TDBs are significant in real-time clocks, which also affect user applications. Our conclusion is applicable for understanding the effects of these biases.     

Examining human heat stress with remote sensing technology

Heat stress as an environmental hazard which can seriously affect productivity, health, or even survival of individuals has long been studied. Despite the endeavors that have been made to address the issue quantitatively with various heat stress indices, they are often measured at scatter sites. This research devotes to revealing human heat stress within continuous space with remote sensing technology. The study began with the retrieval of dry-bulb temperature from land surface temperature (LST) with empirical models. As wet-bulb temperature was calculated from dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity, discomfort index (DI) as an indicator of heat stress was revealed for the study area at 1 km spatial resolution for three summer days. Results indicated that DI can be derived within continuous space with remotely sensed data, and its spatial distribution can be dramatically affected by relative humidity. Further comparison between DI and LST indicated that LST as a widely utilized indicator of surface thermal condition fails to address human heat stress as environmental factors such as relative humidity are not taken into account.     

基于像元二分模型的森林郁闭度遥感估算

实现森林郁闭度的高精度估测,对于森林资源的监测与管理具有非常重要的意义。本文以小兴安岭带岭林业实验管理局为研究区,基于植被指数的像元二分模型进行了森林郁闭度的遥感反演,结果表明:模型的预估精度达到89.01%,决定系数R2达到0.859,RMSE为0.039,模型的一致性较好,可以实现大区域范围森林郁闭度的监测,满足了林业经营管理的需求。     

GPS-IMU辅助航空摄影测量误差来源分析与精度优化

针对GPS定位系统及IMU惯性测量导航在航空摄影测量发挥的巨大作用,本文阐述了GPS-IMU组合辅助航空摄影测量的基本原理和方法,分析了此项技术的主要误差来源,并对提高精度提出了可行性方案。该方案有助于航空摄影单位对此技术的学习和研究,并且在日常生产中灵活、高效地发挥此技术的优势[1]。     

粤东北桃源铀矿床黄铁矿地球化学特征及其地质意义

粤东北桃源铀矿床位于华南铀成矿省武夷山铀成矿带,其矿床成因、成矿物理化学环境特征等还未开展深入研究。黄铁矿的地球化学特征往往能够有效地反映其形成时的地球化学环境。桃源铀矿床中黄铁矿与沥青铀矿成因关系密切。因此笔者在野外地质调查和岩相学基础上,利用LA- ICP- MS原位分析技术,对桃源矿床黄铁矿主、微量元素开展研究。结果表明：①黄铁矿主量元素w（Fe）=41.64% ~ 49.39%,平均值为45.83%;w（S）=50.56% ~ 57.62%,平均值为53.73%,w（Fe）/w（S）=0.73 ~ 0.98,平均值为0.85,表明其形成环境是一个微弱缺铁,相对富硫的相对封闭的地球化学环境;②黄铁矿中相对富集Si、Na、Al、K、Ca、Cr、Co、Ni、Ti、Cu、Ge、As、Se、Bi、Pb等微量元素;③绝大多数微量元素与主量元素Fe、S无明显线性关系,表明在黄铁矿形成过程中,这些微量元素的地球化学行为除受到类质同象因素的影响外,还受其他因素影响;④成矿元素U与部分微量元素显示出较好的正相关关系,其中Na、Ti等元素含量高表明与铀矿物在空间上紧密相关的黄铁矿形成于成矿早期的碱性热液蚀变阶段,而非成矿期,要早于铀成矿时间,并为铀成矿提供还原剂;⑤黄铁矿内部微裂隙发育,成矿期铀矿物容易进入其中,从而引起裂隙附近铀矿含量升高。伴随的高含量As表明其形成于中低温热液环境。     

Identification of the Main Control Factors and Failure Modes for the Failure of Baiyuzui Landslide Control Project

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - The failure of landslide control project presents a deformation that continues to develop along the crack system, and the continuous failure of mechanical...     

川东南龙王庙组埋藏及混合水白云岩化作用

通过野外调查和地球化学分析,认为四川盆地东南部土河场和南山坪剖面龙王庙组的白云岩不同于区内其他的白云岩。川东南地区龙王庙组白云岩多为回流渗透成因,土河场白云岩则为埋藏白云岩,而南山坪白云岩则为混合水成因。土河场白云岩分布在龙王庙组的下部,不具备形成回流渗透白云岩的地质条件,包体测温显示土河场白云岩的形成温度较高,均在105 ℃以上,其Mn元素和Fe元素含量较高,平均值分别为792.5×10-6和3 428.8×10-6,且具有很好的相关性,δ18O平均为-8.18‰,明显低于研究区其他剖面的白云岩,这些特征均反映了土河场剖面白云岩形成于埋藏环境的特征。南山坪剖面主体处于斜坡相中,也不具备形成回流渗透白云岩的地质条件。南山坪白云岩具有明显的低Na元素的特征,δ18O也明显偏负,显示其形成于温度相对较低的低盐度流体环境中,此外,南山坪白云岩具有明显的U元素富集的特征,指示南山坪白云岩形成与大气淡水有关,为混合水成因的白云岩。这两类白云岩具有相对较好的物性条件,对川东南地区储层发育具有重要意义。     

湖南省涟源凹陷泥盆纪佘田桥组页岩储层测井评价

湘中地区涟源凹陷泥盆纪佘田桥组(D3s)富有机质页岩发育,区内参数井-湘新页1井(XXY-1)已在该组钻遇良好页岩气.为研究该套储层特征,依托湘新页1井的岩心和测井资料,通过数控测井系统的综合测井曲线响应特征和数据处理结果对该套储层进行了评价.结果表明,湘新页1井泥盆纪佘田桥组底部为优质页岩发育段,厚度达81.1 m,页岩TOC、物性均较好,具有较大资源潜力.