THE FINE CRUSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE SOUTHERN MARGIN OF NORTH CHINA BLOCK REVEALED BY DEEP SEISMIC REFLECTION PROFILE

The study area is located at the junction of the northern margin of the Qinling orogenic belt and the southern margin of the North China Block. In order to study the fine crustal structure and the deep-shallow structural features of faults in this area, we conducted deep seismic reflection profiling with the seismic profile of 100km long, directing NE-SW in Zhumadian City, Henan Province, and got clear lithospheric structure images along the profile. As regards the data acquisition, we applied the geometry of 25m group interval, 1000 recording channels and more than 60 folds. Seismic wave exploding applies the 30kg shots of dynamite source with the borehole depth of 25m. The shot interval is 200m. In data processing, we focused on improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Data processing methods mainly include first break removal, tomographic static correction, abnormal amplitude elimination, amplitude compensation, pre-stack denoising, surface consistent deconvolution, velocity analysis, several iterations of the residual static correction, dip moveout, post-stack time migration and post-stack denoising, etc. The profile with high signal-to-noise ratio was obtained. The reflection wave group characteristics is obvious in the crust, which reflects abundant information about geological structure. Along the profile, the crust is characterized by double-layer reflection structure, and the Moho surface is composed of a series of laminated arc-shaped strong reflections. The thickness of the upper crust is about 14.8~20.7km, and the total thickness of the crust is about 32.0~35.1km. The upper crust is dominated by the inclined, densely stratified or arc-shaped reflections. The lower crust is dominated by arc-shaped and inclined reflection, and there is a reflective transparent zone under the Moho surface. The reflection sequences with different directions and shapes in the upper crust constitute the nappe structure in southwest segment and the structural model of two concaves with one uplift in NE segment, which correspond to the north Qinling nappe, Zhumadian-Huaibin depression, Pingyu-Xiping uplift and a secondary depression, respectively. There are abundant arc-shaped reflection sequences in the lower crust, which may represent multi-stage magmatic activities. The deep seismic reflection profile shows that faults in the upper crust are well developed. According to the characteristics of reflected wave field in the profile, four groups of fault structure which contain ten faults with different scales are interpreted. Among them, faults F_P1, F_P2 and F_P3 constitute the thrust fault system in the northern margin of Qinling Mountains, and F_P5 and F_P7 are boundary faults of Zhumadian-Huaibin depression. These faults are all developed within the upper crust. In addition, the Fault F_PM is a large fault that cuts through the lower crust and Moho surface. The deep seismic reflection profile reveals the crustal structure and deep-shallow structural features of faults at the junction of the northern margin of the Qinling orogenic belt and the southern margin of the North China block, which provides seismological evidence for the analysis of structural differences, the deep earth's interior processes and deep-shallow structural relationships between the Qinling-Dabie orogenic belt and the southern margin of the North China block. The lower crust of the study area is divided into two parts by deep faults that dislocate the Moho surface. These two parts have distinct reflective structures, suggesting that the area has experienced intense complex tectonic movements. The faults in the upper crust control the formation of basin-mountain structure and stratigraphic deposition of this area. And deep faults in the crust that disrupt Moho surface create conditions for the upwelling and energy exchange of deep materials. All of these have regulated the composition of material and the distribution of energy in the crust. The deep faults cutting through the lower crust and Moho surface and the south-dipping arc-shaped and inclined strong reflection sequences developed in the lower crust should indicate the large-scale subduction of the southern margin of the North China block towards the south-trending Qinling orogenic belt.     

BJS54测绘成果到CGCS2000的转换方法应用

2000中国大地坐标系（CGCS2000）是我国新启用的地心坐标系。讨论了如何将1954北京坐标系（BJ54）下的平面坐标转换到2000中国大地坐标系（CGCS2000）的转换方法,并通过实例,对其误差进行了分析,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

工程测量课程研究性教学研究与实践

研究性教学的核心理念在于激发学生学习兴趣,调动学生学习的积极性与主动性,启发学生独立思考,培养学生解决实际问题和发展学生的创造性心维能力.围绕上述理念,工程测量研究性教学实施采用了启发式、互动式、自主式和探索式等教学方法.教学实践表明,实施研究性教学使学生的理论知识基础比过去更加扎实,学生分析问题与解决问题的能力、自主学习能力、实践能力和创新思维能力得到明显提高.     

一种DEM数据无损压缩的方法

数字高程模型（DEM）是网络3维地形可视化系统最重要的数据源之一。而且数据量巨大。数据压缩是缩短DEM在网络上的传输时间和节省存储空间的有效方法和途径。本文提出了用最小二乘预测模型和算术编码实现DEM最佳平均码长。并比较了几种预测方法,推导了最优线性二乘预测模型,优化了自适应算术编码的数据结构以加快编码的进程。最后对不同无损编码技术的压缩结果进行了分析,实验证明本文提出的压缩方案是可行的。     

2019年贵州省夏收粮油作物生长季农业气候评价

根据贵州省84个气象观测站的资料,分析2018-2019年夏收粮油作物生长季内的气温、降水、日照3个气象要素的变化特点,结合作物生物学特性对气象的要求,并与历史同期气候条件进行对比,评估2018-2019年夏收粮油作物生长季内气候条件对农业生产的影响。结论为:小麦主产区大部光温水条件匹配较好。油菜生长季前期光热条件较差,生育期明显推迟,长势差于2018年,但后期天气转好,利于推进油菜生育进程和产量形成。春播马铃薯气候条件明显好于冬播马铃薯,利于全年马铃薯产量的稳产,冬播马铃薯主产区受阴雨寡照天气影响明显。夏收粮油作物全生育期内无大范围重大农业气象灾害,农业气象条件总体有利于夏收粮油作物生长发育和产量形成,属于较好农业气候年景。     

基于ArcGIS的南沙生态数据库系统的研制

主要以当前南沙大开发下的生态保护为背景,提出了以“三库一体模式”实现基于ArcGIS的南沙生态数据库系统的思路,即首先建立南沙多源海量生态数据库,然后以生态模型为主导,调用生态分析方法,提取数据库中的数据进行相关计算,对模型进行求解,辅助专家进行决策。同时数据库中各类数据以及决策分析结果可以通过网络发布,以达到信息共享的目的。     

3维地籍系统建模方法初探

通过分析地籍管理的发展现状和面临的问题,探讨了3维地理信息技术在地籍管理中的应用,并介绍了3维空间数据的获取途径和3维地籍系统的建模方法。     

中国近海初级生产力的遥感研究及其时空演化

利用分级初级生产力模式反演估算了2003~2005年0^o~41^oN,105^o~130^oE海域的初级生产力,并分析了它们的时空演化。同时还计算了该时段内渤海、北黄海和南黄海、东海北部和南部以及南海的平均初级生产力状况,结果得出它们的年平均初级生产力 (2003~2005年) 分别为564.39、363.08、536.47、413.88、195.77和100.09 gCm^-2a^-1。北黄海、南黄海及东海南部的初级生产力分别在春季 (4~6月) 和秋季 (10、11月) 出现两次峰值,且春季的峰值高于秋季。然而,南海的两个峰值则分别出现在冬季 (1月)和夏季 (8月),且冬季的峰值高于夏季。渤海和东海北部则呈现单峰 (6月) 分布。渤海和南黄海的初级生产力几乎在整年内都高于其它海域,而东海南部和南海的初级生产力则在整年内都低于其他海域。其中,南海的初级生产力最低,月平均全都低于400 mgCm^-2d^-1。除南海以外的其它5个海域,在春季时期 (东海南部为3~6月,其他海域为4~7月) 的初级生产力最高,平均约占年平均值的41%,其年际变化也最大,平均标准偏差为6.68;而秋季时期 (东海南部为10~1月,其他海域为8~11月) 对年平均的贡献也很大,平均约33%;其他月份 (东海南部为2月和7-9月,其他海域为12~3月) 的贡献则最小。南海的初级生产力则在冬季时期 (12~3月) 最高,约占年平均的42%,夏末秋季 (8~11月) 次之,约30%,春季时期 (4~7月) 最低。叶绿素-a、海表温度、光合有效辐射、季风活动、河流排放、上升流、黑潮以及沿岸流等物理-化学环境因子是造成中国近海初级生产力时空演化的主要原因。     

江苏省土地利用变化及其驱动机理研究

基于土地利用系统综合研究,采用解析方法将土地利用系统分解为自然子系统、经济子系统和社会子系统,对江苏省土地利用变化过程与格局进行分析。研究表明,耕地资源总量呈递减趋势,但粮食生产能力呈递增趋势,并表现出明显的地区分异规律;虽然经济总量也呈递增趋势,但信息熵指数表明区域分异明显;最后提出区域土地利用变化的“多层推—拉驱动”模型。     

转型期城市低收入邻里的类型、特征和产生机制:以南京市为例

本文以南京市为例,检查转型期城市贫困人口的空间分布特征,并着重分析贫困人口集中的低收入邻里的类型、特征及其产生机制。研究表明,转型期我国城市贫困人口的空间分布表现为在邻里或社区层面上的集中。城市贫困人口在邻里层次上的集聚,导致三种类型低收入邻里的产生,包括老城衰退邻里、退化的工人新村和农民工集聚区(城中村)。分析表明,这些低收入邻里的产生源于国家导向的城市发展政策和国家福利住房供应制度,并在住房市场化和房地产导向的城市发展过程中得以强化。基于南京市的实证分析和实地调查,城市贫困人口的空间分布状况和低收入邻里的特征被检查,低收入邻里的产生机制得以验证。