Triassic Collisional Structures and Post—Collisional Deformation of Bixiling UHP Rock Stack： Insights for Tectonic Evolution of UHP Metamorphic Belt in Dabie Massif, Central China

Detailed three-dimensional structural studies indicate that the Bixiling area,Dabie massif,central Chian shows the deepest exposed levels of the orogenic wedge formed during the Triassic Yangtze0Sino-Korean continental collision.New1:10000 scale structural mapping,combined with detailed petrological analysis in this area,has enabled us to accurately distinguish structures related to the Trias-sic continental collision from those related to post-collisional deformation in the ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic unit.The collisional or compressional structures include the massive eclogite with a weak foliation,foliated eclogite or UHP ductile shear zones,as well as upper amphibolite facies shear zones,whereas the post-collisional deformation is characterized by a regionally,flat-lying foliation con-taining stretching lineations and common reclined folds .The former is present exclusively in the eclogite lenses and their margins,representing orogenic thickening or syn-collisional events,while the latter was best occurred on variable scales under amphibolite facies conditions,showing sub-vertical,extreme short-ening and ductile thinning of the metamorphic rock stack.The eclogite facies tectonites that have a marked fabric discordance to the penetrative amphibolite facies extension flow fabric are common.It is emphasized that an extensional tectonic setting following the collision-orogenic thickening stage was,at least partly,responsible for exhumation of the UHP metamorphic rocks in the Dabie massif.A new tec-tionic evolution model is proposed for the UHP metamorphic belt on the scale of the Dabie massif.The Bixiling area thus provides a window,from which the dynamic processes concerning the formation and exhumation of the UHP rocks can be observed.Regional studies in the Dabie Mountains have confirmed this interpretation.     

内蒙古河套地区多目标区域地球化学调查成果及其意义

报道了内蒙古河套地区多目标区域地球化学调查结果及其对当地资源勘察、古湖泊环境、城市污染和地方病研究等方面的意义。调查结果显示,河套地区土壤主要富集Mg、Ca等碱性物质,西部狼山一带的多金属矿区应重视Ga、Ge、Tl等分散元素矿床的研究,乌拉山到大青山一带是寻找绿岩型金矿的有利地区。-20目粒级的土壤元素含量反映了河套地区的元素地球化学特征,同时不同成土母质决定了不同的元素富集与贫化特征,狼山山前冲积扇中是一套以多金属及分散元素为主的异常组合。河套地区的城市区内存在Pb、Hg、C、Ag、Au、P、Cd等元素异常的共同特征。古湖泊区与现代乌梁素海均表现F、Mo、U、CaO、MgO、Sr、C、I为正异常、S iO2为负异常的特征。同时现代乌梁素海沉积物中富集有机碳、N、P、Se,pH值较低;古湖泊则相反。河套地区氟中毒区与古湖泊、古河道以及白垩系地层分布范围一致,发病程度与高氟地下水含量呈正比关系。砷中毒与砷的全量和As3+共同作用有关,砷的价态对砷中毒产生影响,As3+含量越高,病况越严重。     

桐柏山高压变质带及其区域构造型式

桐柏山是秦岭－大别山造山带的重要组成部分。新近的构造学和岩石学详细研究表明，该区广泛分布有大量的、大小不一的榴辉岩及退变质榴辉岩块体，构成一个延展长约200km和宽约40km的高压变质带。由榴辉岩或退变质榴辉岩、遭受过高压变质作用的沉积和火山岩、由榴辉岩退变质而成的片麻岩和片岩，以及面理化的含榴或不含榴的花岗岩组成的高压变质单位（HP），在组成及变质演化特征方面，均与大别－苏鲁地区的高压单位类似。构造上，显示一典型的西北美型变质核杂岩。分隔开由桐柏杂岩组成的核部杂岩单位（CC）及上覆的高压单位的km尺度的伸展拆离带，具有下和中伸展拆离带的复合性质，是在高压变质作用期后伸展体制下形成的。桐柏山高压变质带是与大别山地区的高压变质带相联接的，据其岩石学、构造学及相关的主要构造边界展布特征，推测该高压变质带穿过南襄盆地有继续向东秦岭延伸的趋势。桐柏山高压变质带是东秦岭造山带与大别－苏鲁超高压和高压变质带间的构造纽带。     

超高压——高压剪切带

超高压－高压剪切带是大陆碰撞造山过程中变质－变形分解作用形成的一类特殊的剪切带。剪切带内的构造以含柯石英、金刚石等超高压－高压矿物的榴辉岩、面理化超基性－基性岩、片麻岩、大理岩为特征，具有复杂的变形组构和变形历史。最终形成布丁－基质或残斑－基质结构。深入研究超高压－高压剪切带的几何学、运动学和流变学特征，对分析超高压－高压变质岩石的形成－折返过程及碰撞造山动力学，具有重要的实际和理论意义。     

林滩场构造多期节理构造特征及其意义

通过对林滩场背斜大量节理面及擦痕的观测,运用构造解析方法,结合节理缝空间几何特征和岩石学等研究方法对120余组多期(共轭)剪节理构造破裂滑动古应力进行反演,结果表明林滩场地区主要经历了5期构造运动:NW-SE向(主应力σ1方位:140°～160°)挤压运动、近南北向(主应力σ1;0°～10°)挤压运动、NWW-SEE向(主应力σ1方位:290°～300°)挤压、NNE-SSW向(主应力σ3方位:190°～210°)和近E-W向(主应力σ3方位:180°～200°)拉张构造运动.基于节理缝几何特征与多期构造运动配置关系,将其分为两大类5小组,即贯通(跨层)和非贯通(层内一层间)类,第一、二、三组剪性非贯通节理系,第四、五组张性贯通节理系,晚期张性贯通节理裂缝系对区域油气保存条件破坏和裂缝性储层储集空间改善具有重要的影响.     

Continental margin basins in East Asia: tectonic implications of the Meso‐Cenozoic East China Sea pull‐apart basins

The East China Sea basins, located in the West Pacific Continental Margin (WPCM) since the late Mesozoic, mainly include the East China Sea Shelf Basin (ECSSB) and the Okinawa Trough (OT). The WPCM and its adjacent seas can be tectonically divided into five units from west to east, including the Min‐Zhe Uplift, ECSSB, the Taiwan–Sinzi Belt, OT, and the Ryukyu Island Arc, which record regional tectonic evolution and geodynamics. Among those tectonic units, the ECSSB and the OT are important composite sedimentary pull‐apart basins, which experienced two stages of strike‐slip pull‐apart processes. In seismic profiles, the ECSSB and the OT show a double‐layer architecture with an upper half‐graben overlapping on a lower graben. In planar view, the ECSSB and the OT are characterized by faulted blocks from south to north in the early Cenozoic and by a zonation from west to east in the late Cenozoic. The faulted blocks with planar zonation and two‐layer vertical architecture entirely jumped eastward from the Min‐Zhe Uplift to the OT during the late Cenozoic. In addition, the whole palaeogeomorphology of the ECSSB changed notably, from pre‐Cenozoic highland or mountain into a Late Eocene continental margin with east‐tilting topography caused by the eastward tectonic jumping. The OT opened to develop into a back‐arc basin until the Miocene. Synthetic surface geological studies in the China mainland reveal that the Mesozoic tectonic setting of the WPCM is an Andean‐type continental margin developing many sinistral strike‐slip faults and pull‐apart basins and the Cenozoic tectonic setting of the WPCM is a Japanese‐type continental margin developing dextral strike‐slip faults and pull‐apart basins. Thus, the WPCM underwent a transition from Andean‐type to Japanese‐type continental margins at about 80 Ma (Late Cretaceous) and a transition in topography from a Mesozoic highland to a Cenozoic lowland, and then to below sea‐level basins. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

桐柏-大别地区中温热液金矿床成矿流体性质与沉淀机理

通过对桐柏－大别地区１０个中温热液金矿床（点）的流体包裹体研究，确定成矿流体属于低盐度（６ｗｔ％ＮａＣｌ），富ＣＯ２（１０ｍｏｌ％）的ＮａＣｌ－ＣＯ２－Ｈ２Ｏ体系。这种以演化的大气降水为主的流体在４～１０ｋｍ深度范围内，由于压力由静岩压力状态的向静水压力状态的空而发生的复杂三阶段不混溶过程中沉淀，在该过程的中晚期出现金矿化。压力状态的突变是柏桐－大别造山带在中生代碰撞造山晚期，由挤压体制向伸展体制     

吉林放牛沟硫铁多金属矿床原生地球化学异常特征

放牛沟矿床主要成矿元素Zn、Pb并非由地层提供,而是来自岩体深部,通过岩体接触带构造向火山—沉积岩系运移而形成矿床及原生异常的。Zn、Pb、Cu、Ag等元素正异常与Cr、Sr等元素负异常的套合产出是矿床存在的重要标志.矿体、矿组、矿床异常有明显的分带规律,分带性指数从浅部到深部呈规律性变化.根据Ag/Bi可判别前缘、尾晕,利用PbZnAgBa/CuBi可判别矿组和矿床原生异常的剥蚀程度.     

地质物料中铷铯铀钍锆铪等元素的直接测定方法

采用粉末压饼制样Ｘ荧光光谱法直接测定了地质物料中的微量Ｒｂ、Ｃｓ、Ｕ、Ｔｈ、Ｚｒ、Ｈｆ、Ｎｂ、Ｂａ和Ｓｒ等元素。与其它方法相比，本方法具有制样方法简便，一次制样可以测定多种元素、成本较低等特点。试验结果表明，方法的准确度和精密度较好，各元素的检出限都能满足地质物料对测定的要求。     

桐柏-大别造山带的剪切带阵列

桐柏－大别造山带在长期的韧性再造和脆性改造过程中，形成了有规律的剪切带阵列，包括韧性剪切带阵列和脆性剪切带阵列。它们是多期碰撞造山和造山期后伸展塌陷的产物，并在造山带的流变学和构造演化过程中起着重要的调整作用。造山带内的镁铁、超镁铁质及榴辉岩岩带则是涉及下地壳及上地幔流变的韧性剪切带阵列的代表。这些剪切带阵列经历了长期的演化历史，具正向的、反向的、螺旋形或旋回式的流变学演化轨迹。