内蒙古北部早元古代变质岩系的发现及其岩石学研究

笔者参加内蒙区调工作，首次于本区发现了早元古代变质岩系。该岩系由３个岩组组成，一是花敖包特正变质岩组（Ｐｔ１ｂｈ），二是昌特敖包副变质岩组（Ｐｔ１ｂｃ），三是阿木乌苏条带状混合岩组（Ｐｔ１ｂａ）。对各岩组的岩石学、矿物学及岩石化学的研究，表明这是一套深变质岩系，近似于下地壳岩石组合。其Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线测年资料与印支期花岗岩源区年龄为１７～１９亿ａ，是目前本区发现的最古老的变质岩系，它经历了大面积混合岩化和花岗岩化作用。     

Flow and high sediment yield from the Huangfuchuan watershed

This study deals with general features of sediment transport in the Huangfuchuan river, an important branch river of the Yellow river, draining the Loess Plateau in China. The long-term precipitation records at 3 climate stations near the watershed have been used to assess the changes in precipitation in this region. By introducing metrics for runoff and sediment transport, long-term observations on discharge and sediment concentration at the Huangfuchuan gauging station on the Huangfuchuan river have been used to assess the changes in runoff and sediment transport in the Huangfuchuan River compared with those at the Toudaoguai and Fugu gauging stations on the Yellow river. It is found that both runoff and sediment metrics have a clearly downward trend. From July to August, the long-term sediment transport modulus at the Huangfuchuan gauging station is much higher than those at the Toudaoguai and Fugu stations on the Yellow river. The long-term average sediment transport modulus at the Huangfuchuan gauging station are high, ranging from 14000. t/(km² y) but decreasing to 5900 t/(km² y) over the last 10 years. Additionally, analyses on grain size distribution of suspended load in the Huangfuchuan and Yellow river have been conducted.     

城市功能空间更新研究进展与新时期重点方向

文章首先基于西方城市更新发展历程,界定了城市功能更新的概念内涵,进而围绕城市功能更新背景与演替轨迹、城市功能更新类型与组织模式、城市更新空间模拟识别与评价、城市功能更新驱动机理与规划调控等国内外研究进展进行系统梳理,研究发现,城市功能更新趋势与经济社会发展水平、城市化所处阶段紧密相关,更新运作模式体现为政府、私有部门和社区等多元合作倾向,更新判定趋于多源数据融合辨识,更新策略的制定受政策调控力、经济驱动力、市场机制等多重因素叠加影响。基于此,伴随新时期中国城市发展转型调整,城市功能更新研究更加重视对更新实践的科学性认知、空间治理能力的精细化转向、治理理念的人本化回归,并主要聚焦城市功能更新理论体系与实操框架的构建、功能业态演替特征的精细考量、更新调控的因地施策等新时期研究热点。但既有研究主要从城市与区域宏观尺度上对单一功能类型的更新模式进行定性描述,对微观视阈下精细功能业态演替的多时相认知与客观评价仍显不足。为此,提出未来中国城市功能更新应重视加强微观空间尺度下功能业态更新模式的多维度量化解析研究;在研究方法上,应注重融入系统学研究思想及其综合方法。     

The impacts of moisture transport of East Asian monsoon on summer precipitation in Northeast China

By using the ECMWF reanalysis daily data and daily precipitation data of 80 stations in Northeast China from 1961 to 2002, the impacts of moisture transport of East Asian summer monsoon on the summer precipitation anomaly in Northeast China, and the relationship between the variation of moisture budget and the establishment of East Asian summer monsoon in this region are studied. The results demonstrate that the moisture of summer precipitation in Northeast China mainly originates from subtropical, South China Sea, and South Asia monsoon areas. East China and its near coastal area are the convergent region of the monsoonal moisture currents and the transfer station for the currents continually moving northward. The monsoonal moisture transport, as an important link or bridge, connects the interaction between middle and low latitude systems. In summer half year, there is a moisture sink in Northeast China where the moisture influx is greater than outflux. The advance transport and accumulation of moisture are of special importance to pentad time scale summer precipitation. The onset, retreat, and intensity change of the monsoonal rainy season over Northeast China are mainly signified by the moisture input condition along the southern border of this area. The establishment of East Asian summer monsoon in this area ranges from about 10 July to 20 August and the onset in the west is earlier than that in the east. The latitude that the monsoon can reach is gradually northward from west to east, reaching 50°N within longitude 120°-135°E. In summer, the difference of air mass transport between summers with high and low rainfall mainly lies in whether more air masses originating from lower latitudes move northward through East China and its coastal areas, consequently transporting large amounts of hot and humid air into Northeast China.     

补偿式量热计在热化学中的应用

简要介绍了 Ｄ Ｄ Ｃ Ⅱ型补偿式数字精密量热系统及原理和对系统的标定。报道了用该量热计对无限稀的酸和碱反应过程的微反应热的自动测定,为热化学反应过程中微热效应的测定和该量热计的拓展提供了一条新途径。     

场分立体显示系统的硬件实现

根据双摄像机的几何模型,提出了一套双眼立体显示系统的设计方案——场分立体视觉系统。硬件采用流行的ＰＣＩ总线与计算机相连,能够实时获取２个摄像机图像,并能按双眼成像要求的频率工作,产生一个增强的三维世界。     

煤系岩石工程地质性质指标变异性研究

对山东金山矿区３煤覆岩及底板工程地质性质类型的物理力学性质指标的变异性进行了研究,用Ｋ－Ｓ法进行的概率分布类型拟合检验表明,各指标基本服从正态分布;另外,还对煤系岩石物理力学性质指标的关联性及各向异性特征进行了初步分析,为煤矿工程地质可靠度研究提供了依据。     

Construction of cDNA Library of Pyrocystis lunula（Pyrophyta）

1　Introduction　Photosyntheticdinoflagellatesareimportantprima ryproducersandcausesoftoxic‘redtide’ .Theyarefoundinmostaquaticenvironmentsandformamajorpartofthemodernplankton .Dinoflagellatesmaybeimportantindicatorsofenvironmentalstatus (Dale ,1996 ) .…     

南海北部海域表层沉积物中吸附气态烃的特征

根据１９９Ｏ年中德合作７２Ａ航次南海海洋联合调查资料，讨论了南海北部海区表层沉积物中吸附气态烃各组分的含量分布和组合特征，同时与我国东部海域（东海、黄海和渤海）作了比较。用Ｂｅｒｎａｒｄ（１９７８）和Ｆａｂｅｒ等（１９８４）关于海洋沉积物吸附气态烃成因的判断方法，探讨了本海区吸附气态烃的成因类型，首次报道了东沙群岛附近海域表层沉积物中吸附气态烃的特征。     

羧甲基壳聚糖与表面活性剂的相互作用

作者从配伍稳定性、表面张力、粘度等方面研究羧甲基壳聚糖 (CMCHS)与四种典型类型表面活性剂的相互作用情况。研究显示 ,羧甲基壳聚糖与阴离子表面活性剂 SDS、非离子表面活性剂 Triton X- 10 0、两性表面活性剂 C12 BE配伍稳定性较好 ,而与阳离子表面活性剂 CTAB及C16Py Br复配时则在一定的浓度区会产生沉淀。羧甲基壳聚糖可使 SDS表面活性升高 ,而 SDS则使羧甲基壳聚糖比浓粘度下降 ;CTAB可与羧甲基壳聚糖形成复合物 ,从而使表面张力曲线产生两个转折点 ,即使在沉淀区仍有较好的表面活性 ,而溶液的比浓粘度则大幅度下降 ;Triton X- 10 0和 C12 BE与羧甲基壳聚糖的相互作用不很明显