城市投资环境的评价模型及应用

本文在对投资单元的量化,评价指标的选择及量化进行探讨的基础上,提出了专家得分和模糊评价二种投资评价模型,并以宁波市为例进行了应用.     

吉林省浑江市荒沟山区花岗岩成因类型探讨

本文根据吉林省浑江市荒沟山区中生代花岗岩的岩石学、地球化学及同位素地质学研究，论述了该区花岗岩的成因类型，即老秃顶子岩体、梨树沟岩体、草山岩体均为同熔型。     

新型节水灌溉控制原理的应用研究

在土壤-植物-大气连续体系(SPAC)中,以植物茎、果微增长及其含水量变化作为植物需水信息建立的灌溉自动控制系统,可实现植物水分适度亏缺,有效调控其生长发育。实验结果表明,同充分供水的植株或树体相比,节水15.6%时,玉米长势良好,节水21.4%时,柑桔果实生长未受影响。     

Geochronology and sedimentology of the lower Passaic River,New Jersey

In an attempt to characterize localized rates of sediment accretion, 10 sediment cores were collected from the lower reach of the Passaic River, a major tributary of Newark Bay, New Jersey. Sediments were assayed for ²¹⁰Pb activity at predetermined depths and the rate of sediment accretion (cm yr^?1) was estimated from the least squares regression of the log of unsupported activity versus depth. Sediment accretion rates, derived from ²¹⁰Pb measurements (R_Pb) were used to predict the depth interval within the core containing sediments deposited around 1954; subsequent ¹³⁷Cs analyses were focused on this depth interval. Sediment accretion rates derived from ¹³⁷Cs measurements (R_Cs) were extrapolated from the depth of the 1954 horizon. Lead-210 derived sediment accretion rates in cores collected from a sediment bench extending along the inside bend on the southern shore of a meander in the river, ranged from 4.1 cm yr^?1 to 10.2 cm yr^?1 and averaged 6.8 cm yr^?1. The R_Cs estimates for cores from this area ranged from 3.8 cm yr^?1 to 8.9 cm yr^?1 and averaged 6.6 cm yr^?1. The R_Cs for cores collected in a more hydrologically dynamic reach of the river upstream of the sediment bench, were only 0.41 cm yr^?1 and 0.66 cm yr^?1. The results of this investigation indicate that this reach of the lower Passaic River is an area of high sediment accumulation, retaining much of the sediment load deposited from upstream and downstream sources. The rates of sediment accretion in the lower Passaic River are among the highest reported anywhere in the Newark Bay estuary.     

水平载流线圈中心点组合波频域电磁测深视电阻率定义

由于近区场的复杂性及目前频域电磁测深方法的局限性,近区频域电磁测深多年来一直是地球物理领域一个悬而未决的问题.本文在近区场理论的基础上,通过引人组合波理论,提出了一种能适于近区频域电磁测深的视电阻率的定义式.该视电阻率在近区具有有效压制背景场、突出地电异常信息的功能,并能客观地反映地电断面的电性变化规律.     

临汾盆地现代地震活动特征及其与深部构造关系初探

本文分析了临汾盆地现代地震在时序分布上的阶段性，平面分布上的丛集性，及其震源三维分布与分布地深部构造的关系，指出盆地北部的临汾－洪洞凹陷为该区未来若干年内的主要发震区，而２０－３０ｋｍ深度则是主要发震层次。     

Studies of Nitrous Oxide Emission from Farmlands in North China

Measurements of nitrous oxide emission from agricultural lands were conducted. The results show that nitrous oxide fluxes on several soils are at the range of 2-60 μg . N / m2 h. Factors influencing the production rates of nitrous oxide from the soils, such as soil temperature, soil moisture and fertilization, are discussed. The calculated amount of nitrous oxide emission from China farmlands is 9.8 × 107 Kg . N per year, which accounts for about 10% of the total source strength in China areas.     

Distribution of Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes in Salt Lakes of the Qinghai—Xizang Plateau,China

The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is an area where a large number of salt lakes are distributed. We have collected several hundred samples of natural waters over the Plateau since 1976 and carried out researches on their hydrogen and oxygen isotopes. The results indicate that the^δD and δ¹⁸O values of the salt lake waters over the Plateau range from −64.1 to +12.4‰ and from −11.19 to +8.62‰, respectively. From the different types of surfaces, ground and lake waters of various salinities it is inferred that the compositions of H and O isotopes in the initial water of Qinghai Lake are^δD=−55.0‰ and {ie336-1}; and those in the original water from the lakes in northern Xizang, are^δD=−116.0‰ and {ie336-2}. Brines in the salt lakes are derived from rain water through prolonged circulation. Oilfield water also makes some contribution to the salt lakes in the Qaidam Basin. Similar slopes of evaporation lines of water isotopes are noticed for the Qinghai Lake area and northern Xizang. This is attributed to the evolution of the isotopes in these water bodies in an environment of middle latitude and high elevation.     

有限单元数值模拟在张家界风景区地质调查中的应用

对张家界风景区进行1/25000遥感地质调查,解译出1031条线性构造,经野外验证可靠性达85％,新确认该区存在北北东向褶皱,提出了该区经历了两次以上的褶皱构造运动的新认识。认为北北东和北东东向构造是该区的基本构造骨架,设计了区域性印支期和张家界风景区印支期、燕山早期、燕山晚期四种应力场模型,采用有限单元法进行构造应力场反演计算,所获结果与野外调查结果吻合。认为砂岩峰林地貌是泥盆纪石英砂岩处于宽缓向斜扬起端及后期背斜叠加使地层趋于水平的部位才利于砂岩峰柱的稳定形成,多次构造应力作用产生的高角度裂隙有利于峰林地貌的造型,挽近时期地壳抬升是峰林地貌形成的动力。     

新疆巴楚瓦吉里塔格金伯利岩矿物中岩浆包裹体研究

笔者在代表金伯利质熔浆结晶演化产物的橄榄石巨斑、金云母斑晶和磷灰石精晶中首次发现了岩浆包裹体。捕晶角闪石、单斜辉石及橄榄石中岩浆包裹体研宄证实,其源于基性-超基性杂岩。依据充填物相态和成分,将本区岩浆包裹体划分为两类:A,硅酸盐熔融包裹体;B,流体熔融包裹体,前者又细分出一个亚炎(A′),即晶体-玻璃包裹体。经岩浆包裹体均一化温度值的测定和压力估算,原始金伯利质熔浆晶出巨斑橄榄石的温度略高于1116℃,压力约4.5GPa。