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561.
Stefano Gabici Felix A. Aharonian Pasquale Blasi 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2007,309(1-4):365-371
It is believed that the observed diffuse gamma-ray emission from the galactic plane is the result of interactions between
cosmic rays and the interstellar gas. Such emission can be amplified if cosmic rays penetrate into dense molecular clouds.
The propagation of cosmic rays inside a molecular cloud has been studied assuming an arbitrary energy and space dependent
diffusion coefficient. If the diffusion coefficient inside the cloud is significantly smaller compared to the average one
derived for the galactic disk, the observed gamma-ray spectrum appears harder than the cosmic ray spectrum, mainly due to
the slower penetration of the low energy particles towards the core of the cloud. This may produce a great variety of gamma-ray
spectra. 相似文献
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Emanuela De Beni Jan R. Wijbrans Stefano Branca Mauro Coltelli Gianluca Groppelli 《地学学报》2005,17(3):292-298
Recent geological studies performed at Etna allow reassessing the stratigraphic frame of the volcano where distinct evolutionary phases are defined. This stratigraphic reconstruction was chronologically constrained on the basis of a limited number of U–Th and K–Ar age determinations whose uncertainty margins are sometimes too wide. For this reason, we successfully adopted at Etna the 40Ar/39Ar technique that allowed obtaining more precise age determinations. The incremental heating technique also gives information on sample homogeneity, and potential problems of trapped argon. Five samples were collected from stratigraphically well-controlled volcanic units in order to chronologically define the transition between the fissure-type volcanism of the Timpe phase to the central volcanism of the Valle del Bove Centers. Isotopic ages with an uncertainty margin of 2–4% have been obtained emphasizing that this transition occurred (130–126 ka) without significant temporal hiatus. 相似文献
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Occhipinti Giuseppe Cali Ivo DAltri Antonio Maria Grillanda Nicola de Miranda Stefano Milani Gabriele Spacone Enrico 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2022,20(4):2219-2244
Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - This paper reports the results of different finite and discrete element simulations on a well-known benchmark of an unreinforced plane masonry structure.... 相似文献
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A primal C0-conforming virtual element discretization for the approximation of the bidimensional two-phase flow of immiscible fluids in porous media using general polygonal meshes is discussed. This work investigates the potentialities of the Virtual Element Method (VEM) in solving this specific problem of immiscible fluids in porous media involving a time-dependent coupled system of non-linear partial differential equations. The performance of the fully discrete scheme is thoroughly analysed testing it on general meshes considering both a regular problem and more realistic benchmark problems that are of interest for physical and engineering applications.
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Luigi Ferraioli Edward K. Porter Michele Armano Heather Audley Giuseppe Congedo Ingo Diepholz Ferran Gibert Martin Hewitson Mauro Hueller Nikolaos Karnesis Natalia Korsakova Miquel Nofrarias Eric Plagnol Stefano Vitale 《Experimental Astronomy》2014,37(1):109-125
We present a parameter estimation procedure based on a Bayesian framework by applying a Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to the calibration of the dynamical parameters of the LISA Pathfinder satellite. The method is based on the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm and a two-stage annealing treatment in order to ensure an effective exploration of the parameter space at the beginning of the chain. We compare two versions of the algorithm with an application to a LISA Pathfinder data analysis problem. The two algorithms share the same heating strategy but with one moving in coordinate directions using proposals from a multivariate Gaussian distribution, while the other uses the natural logarithm of some parameters and proposes jumps in the eigen-space of the Fisher Information matrix. The algorithm proposing jumps in the eigen-space of the Fisher Information matrix demonstrates a higher acceptance rate and a slightly better convergence towards the equilibrium parameter distributions in the application to LISA Pathfinder data. For this experiment, we return parameter values that are all within ~1σ of the injected values. When we analyse the accuracy of our parameter estimation in terms of the effect they have on the force-per-unit of mass noise, we find that the induced errors are three orders of magnitude less than the expected experimental uncertainty in the power spectral density. 相似文献