A STUDY ON THE VARIATIONS OF CIRCULATION PATTERN IN THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN CHINA FOR THE RECENT 100 YEARS

The time series of annual frequency of the circulation patterns W,C,E in the Northern Hemisphere and annual mean temperature of Beijing (T_B),Shanghai (T_S) and the whole country (T_C) in the period 1891-1990 are expanded as a long-term tendency,a periodic function and a random function.The coherence between circulation and temperature is calculated and analyzed.The abrupt change of circulation and temperature in the last 100 years is revealed with the methods of the accumulated anomalous curves,the signal/noise ratio as well as the Mann-Kendall test.The correlations between anomalous circulation and climate are discussed with some explanations.     

1983 年梅雨期前后亚洲季风区水汽输送的分析

分析了1983年江淮流域入梅前、梅雨期以及出梅后垂直积分的水汽输送和水汽通量散度分布,计算了南海和中国东部地区的水汽收支。结果指出:江淮流域入梅前,华南地区降水的水汽主要来自印度西南季风和东南季风气流;梅雨期降水的水汽主要来自印度西南季风气流;出梅后华北雨季则主要受中低纬水汽输送气流汇合的影响。分析表明,江淮流域梅雨期是印度西南季风气流加强并东进北上,西太平洋高压东撤所造成的;而梅雨结束则是由于西南季风气流减弱西退和西太平洋高压西进北上所造成的;此外,还讨论了水汽输送、水汽通量辐合与云量及我国东部降水的关系。     

地理信息系统支持区域土地利用决策的研究

本文以江苏省溧阳县为例,研究地理信息系统技术在区域土地利用多目标规划中的应用,着重探讨地理信息系统支持的区域土地利用决策原理和方法。研究表明,在地理信息系统的支持下,通过单项适宜性评价模型和生产布局决策模型的建立与运行,可以有效地进行研究区合理的土地利用布局和为区域土地管理提供依据。     

辽东山区人口地域分布研究

本文在分析了辽东山区土地资源特征和人口特征的基础上,从三个角度讨论了辽东山区的人口垂直分布特征,同时还详细分析了人口布局不合理对山区生态环境和经济的影响。并指出,适度移民、并村并点、整合山村及建设农村小集镇是调整山区人口布局,促进山区经济发展和生态环境恢复的有效途径。     

H~+,Li~+,Mg~(2+)∥Cl~-—H_2O四元水盐体系在-10℃时的平衡溶解度相图

本文利用等温溶解度法测定了H~+,Li~+,Mg~(2+)//Cl~-—H_2O四元水盐体系在—10℃±0.1℃时的溶解度并绘制了等温相图。相图由HCl·MgCl_2·7H_2O、MgCl_2·8H_2O、HCl·6H_2O和LiCl·2H_2O四个相区构成,只有一个零变量点I:LiCl·2H_2O+MgCl_2·6H_2O+HCl·MgCl_2·7H_2O+L_(?)利用坐标变换和直线外推法,对溶解度数据进行处理后,用湿渣结线法解决了低温平衡固相较难确定的问题。     

Time domain solution for multiple scattering and the coda envelopes

This article summarizes work on multiple scattering based on models of media with randomly distributed scatterers. The scatterers are isotropic and statistically uniform. Measuring distance in terms of mean-free pathL _s and time in terms of the mean-free timesL _s/V, whereV is the velocity of scattered waves, we have more convenient dimensionless distance and time. It can be shown that after the dimensionless time equals 0.65 energy contributed from multiple scattering becomes predominant. Thus the later coda reflects the effect of multiple scattering rather than single scattering. Treating the seismic record, including starting and tail parts, as a whole, the diffusion theory predicts that at a dense distribution of scatterers and a small distance between source and receiver, codas reflect mainly intrinsicQ _i. Of course, this conclusion is coincident with the presumption of the diffusion theory,Q _s>Q _i. However, from a new integral equation of multiple scattering, which deals with the scattered waves and primary waves separately, the conclusion is similar but clearer. This article quotes the new expression for coda energy in two-dimensional space. It shows that if the receiver is close to the source, the coda decay reflects only intrinsicQ _i, then as the distance increases, effects of scatteringQ _s, are involved in the decay feature. The theoretical plots of coda decay show that it seems in most cases in the earthQ _i should not be smaller than one tenth ofQ _s.Project Sponsored by the Joint Earthquake Science Foundation of China.     

CHANGE OF CLIMATE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE CROPPING SYSTEM IN CHINA

Tne global change of climate and its influence on the cropping system in China have been investigatedin this paper.It is found that the temperature was increased during the last decade and the precipitationdecreased in northern China and increased in southern China during the last 30 years.The sea level hasbeen rising by about 21—26 cm in the coastal areas south of 30°N in China during the last 100 years.The most of results as simulated by the general circulation models(GCMs)show that the temperature increasewould amount to about 2°—4°C in the most parts of China and precipitation and soil moisture might bedecreased in northern China and increased in sourthern China due to doubling of carbon dioxide(CO_2).The effects of doubled CO_2 on growth period and climatic yield capability in China have been estimatedroughly.It is shown that the regions of the growth period in China would be moved northward about fivedegrees latitude and the climatic yield capability might be increased by about 10％ in the most parts of China.     

1989年9月4日雅布赖4.7级地震

根据甘肃区域地震台网和全国地震台网测定,此次地震的基本参数是: 发震时刻:1989年9月4日06时03分57.3秒; 震中位置:北纬39°30′,东经102°46′,即内蒙雅布赖附近; 震级:M_s=4.7。     

水库诱生的孔压变化及应力特征

应用“固结问题和布辛涅斯克问题解”,计算了丹江水库水位在130m和157m两种情况下,库区基岩体深度分别为1、3、5、7、9、11、13和15km时的水压应力场、变形场和超孔隙水压力场。结果表明,σ_1、σ_3和τ_(max)在库中心位置最大,库岸边较小;同时σ_1和σ_3在库中心均显压性,而在库岸边σ_3显张性;垂直位移在库中心最大(7cm),而水平位移在库岸边最大(0.5cm);超孔隙水压力一般在库中心深水区库基下3—9km处最大,库岸边和浅水区较小;体应变一般在库中心位置形成压缩区,而在库岸边则形成拉伸应变区并同时向四周扩展,与诱发地震震中分布相一致。