Sea-floor exhalative sedimentary and magmatic hydrothermal superimposition on the Bainiuchang polymetallic deposit in Yunnan Province： REE geochemical evidence

In order to study the characteristics of sea-floor exhalative sedimentary and magmatic hydrothermal superimposition on the Bainiuchang polymetallic deposit, the REE compositions of the granites, host-rocks and ores have been systematically analyzed by ICP-MS. As viewed from their REE compositions, the granites show obvious negative Eu anomalies and weak negative Ce anomalies. According to their REE characteristics, the host-rocks were derived partly from sea-floor exhalative sediments. In terms of their REE compositions, the ores can be divided into two groups: one group, of which the samples were collected from the Baiyang segment relatively far away from the Bozhushan granite batholith, possesses positive Eu anomalies or no Eu anomaly and negative Ce anomalies, indicating that ore-forming hydrothermal fluid was relatively reductive and its temperature was higher than 250 ℃. Furthermore, the coinstantaneous presence of positive Eu anomalies and negative Ce anomalies indicate that the convective mixing of a little amount of seawater with hydrothermal fluid had happened while ores were precipitated on ancient sea floor. The other group, of which the samples were mainly collected from the Chuanxindong and Duimenshan segments near the Bozhushan granite batholith, has similar chondrite-monalized REE distribution patterns to those of the magmatic rocks. But as a whole, the REE characteristics of both groups change gradually starting from the Bozhushan granite batholith. Based on the REE characteristics of the granites, host-rocks and ores, it is suggested that the ore-forming metals seem to have come from several different sources.     

贵州盘北-水城矿区化工煤资源地质评价

应用煤化工资源指标体系和评价方法,在查明煤化工资源地质背景和资源特性的基础上,研究了六盘水煤田盘北-水城矿区煤化工资源的类别、规模、赋存和分布,探讨了化工煤研究区赋存分布的地质成因,提出以资源为主要依据的煤化工产业布局规划建议.研究区化工煤查明储量42.74×108t,占其煤炭查明储量的62%,化工煤资源中,液化煤1.31×10gt,焦化煤17.45×108t,合成氨煤0.019×108t,气化煤23.96×108t.气化煤和焦化煤是区内化工煤资源的主要类型.     

贵州半坡锑矿床卤素元素地球化学研究

半坡锑矿矿石及近矿围岩中Ｂｒ与Ｉ含量很高,分别是地壳丰度值的数十倍至数百倍,这在热液矿床是十分罕见的,从远矿围岩→近矿围岩→矿石,Ｃｌ,Ｂｒ,Ｉ含量有规律地增高,而Ｆ主要富集在近矿蚀变围岩中,Ｆ,Ｃｌ,Ｂｒ,Ｉ在矿石与近矿蚀变岩中富集表明这些元素很可能能作为建筑该类隐优矿体的指示元素。     

江西吉安钱山地区地热资源特征及热源机制

位于罗霄山脉北支武功山西南地区的钱山地热田是研究武功山地热资源的关键地区。本文综合区域地质、研究区地质特征、热物性参数、水化学特征、锆石同位素等方法, 重点分析了钱山地区的地热系统特征, 深入研究了钱山地热的构造背景和热源机制。研究表明: ①NE–SW向的和平—三江断裂是钱山地热重要的导热和控热构造; ②水化学及同位素特征指示钱山地区的地热水和冷水均为大气降水补给; ③早志留世黑云二长花岗岩热导率特征表明花岗岩具有很好的导热效果和聚热能力; ④黑云二长花岗岩放射性生热率较低且时代久远, 揭示放射性元素生热和岩浆岩余热对热源做出的贡献非常小, 钱山地热的热源主要来自壳源深部地热。本研究可为武功山地区地热资源成因及合理开发利用等提供重要的启示。     

Element geochemistry and cleaning potential of the No. 11 coal seam from Antaibao mining district

It has aroused great attention that the mobilization of potential toxic substance during coal mining, pro- cessing and using has serious negative influence on environment. Clearly, the coal cleaning can be prop-erly applied to removing hazardous elements or re-ducing their concentrations prior to combustion, which also is considered as an economical and effective technique in minimizing some of these problems[1]. Unfortunately, there are fairly few studies on the parti-tioning behavior of trac…     

Accumulation and speciation of selenium in Cardamine sp. in Yutangba Se Mining Field,Enshi, China

A naturally selenium-accumulating Cardamine sp. is growing in Yutangba Selenium Mining Field, Enshi area, Hubei Province, China, where the geochemical environment is selenium-enriched and endemic selenosis ever occurred in humans. The present study investigated the characteristics of accumulation, speciation and quantity of selenium in Cardamine sp. with HPLC-ICP-MS. Results show that Cardamine sp. can accumulate Se at most 1427 mg/kg in seedling leaves. Even after the biomass incensement of growing up, the plant still could accumulate Se up to several hundred of mg/kg in concentration. Moreover, the biomass enrichment coefficient （BEC） of Se is exceedingly high, in the seedling leaves mostly, higher than 50 mg/kg; in the range of 43.7-68 mg/kg; and the lowest value is higher than 3 mg/kg in mature fronds. Se is present in the plant predominantly in form of SeCys2 with the highest concentration in seeds; up to 1081 mg/kg as Se. In contrast, SeCysz levels are low during early growth period; they are 136.1 mg/kg as Se in seedling fronds and 39.4 mg/kg as Se in mature fronds, respectively. SeMet concentration is comparatively low; 10.6 mg/kg as Se in seedling frond and 5.3 mg/kg as Se in half mature fronds, respectively. This indicates that Cardamine sp. is extremely efficient in extracting Se from soil and translocating it into its above-ground biomass. Therefore, Cardamine sp., found in Yutangba Se Mining Field may be a new Se hyperaccumulator. It is still uncertain whether the Se-accumulation or detoxification of Cardamine sp. happens through the pathway of SeCys methylated to form Se-methylselenoCys or through the formation of Se-carboxymethyl- selenohomocysteine. Indeed, further study should be carried out on the determination of more Se species to explain the high Se hyperaccumulation in Cardamine sp.     

河北唐山一次飑线过程的中尺度天气分析

利用常规观测资料、自动气象站资料及雷达资料,对2013年8月4日影响唐山的一次飑线过程进行了中尺度分析。结果表明:500 hPa高空槽是产生这次飑线的主要影响系统,地面中尺度辐合线是这次过程的触发机制;对流层中层干冷空气入侵与低层暖湿气流的辐合增强了大气层结的不稳定;低层辐合、高层辐散进一步加强了垂直运动的发展;中低层垂直风切变则有利于飑线的发展、加强和维持。雷达回波图上可识别出中低空的中尺度辐合线、弓形回波、逆风区等中小尺度结构特征,对于此类强对流性天气的预报具有实际指示意义。     

沁水盆地南部煤层气井增产的储层生产控制探讨

以沁水盆地南部区块煤层气生产井的工程、测试、监测数据为依据,对影响煤层气井产能的储层生产控制因素进行了分析,探讨了优化储层生产控制、提高煤层气井产能的工程措施,重点研究了水力压裂工艺施工参数与煤层气井产能的关系,提出了有利于提高煤层气井产能的水力压裂工艺施工参数。结果表明：合理控制钻井液的密度与粘度,可提高煤层气井的产能;煤层气井的产能与固井工艺中的水泥浆密度与用量呈现负相关关系;水力压裂采用变砂比、控制压裂液、变排量等施工工艺和优化的工艺参数值可有效提高煤层气井气产量。     

不同煤级煤层气吸附扩散系数分析

应用扩散理论模型模拟吸附扩散过程,根据四种煤级煤样的平衡水和注水等温吸附实验数据计算吸附扩散系数,研究吸附扩散的规律。研究表明：煤的孔隙结构是影响煤吸附扩散过程的主要因素。液态水对煤的润湿性随煤级增高而降低,对吸附扩散过程的影响逐渐减小,大孔和中孔发育的煤扩散速率较快,扩散系数高,过渡孔和微孔发育的煤相对扩散速率较慢,扩散系数低。     

锑的环境生物地球化学循环与效应研究展望

研究表明锑与铅和汞一样,是一个可长距离输送的全球性有毒元素;但锑的研究最近才引起国际社会的关注。与其它金属如汞、铅、镉和砷等相比,国际上锑的研究开展得相对较少。为了揭示锑的全球性污染程度、循环过程及其对生态环境的影响,急需开展深入研究。概述了前人在锑的环境生物地球化学循环和效应方面的研究成果,分析了存在的科学问题,凝练了进一步研究的方向、思路和方法,并指出我国西南地区是开展这一方向研究的理想区域,及在该地区开展深入研究的重要性。