盐卤硼酸盐化学ⅩⅨ——氯柱硼镁石溶解及相转化研究

本文研究了温度、盐效应、晶体用量和搅拌速度对氯柱硼镁石在水中溶解过程及相转化的影响。实验结果表明,该复盐属不同步溶解,先溶脱MgCl·6H_2O,生成中间产物MgO·B_2O_3·4H_2O,随后发生相转化和结晶过程。最终产物在10—50℃时是多水硼镁石,在60℃时是柱硼镁石。提出了相转化机理,计算了溶解度、溶解热等热力学函数。     

水合硼酸盐的热分析研究

采用ＰＥ－ＴＧＳ２热重分析仪，对三种硼酸盐进行了ＴＧ－ＤＴＧ曲线的测定，调节不同称样量和灵敏度，获得硼砂和四硼酸锂的细微脱水变化。     

Molecular analyses of bacterioplankton communities with highly abundant Vibrio clades: a case study in Bohai Sea coastal waters

We investigated the bacterioplankton abundance, community composition and the associated Vibrio clades of natural seawater in Bohai Sea coastal waters. Seawater samples (10 L in triplicate) were collected at 0.5, 3, and 5 m depths near the coastal aquaculture zone of the Bohai Sea on May 12, 2016. Real-time PCR and 16S rRNA gene amplicon high-throughput sequencing methods were employed by which 485 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at a 97% sequence similarity level were generated. Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant groups, accounting for 49.5%, 23.5%, and 18.9% of the total assemblage, respectively. Obvious variations in Pseudoalteromonas, Vibrio, and Octadecabacter , which were the most abundant genera, could be observed among diff erent samples. Notably, the results of Vibrio -specifi c real-time PCR indicated that Vibrio had extremely high 16S rRNA gene copy numbers. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results across all the samples also indicated that they occupied a large proportion of the total assemblage. Both the alpha diversity and major bacterioplankton group Pseudoalteromonas had significant correlations with the concentration of PO4^3-. Overall, studies on bacterioplankton communities with highly abundant Vibrio clades can provide interesting insight into the microbial function and health assessment of the Bohai Sea coastal ecosystem.     

Li2SO4和MgSO4对C2H5OH—H2O体系的影响

本文首次测定了含Ｌｉ２ＳＯ４和ＭｇＳＯ４盐对醇水混合溶剂工溶度的影响和相关系．Ｌｉ２ＳＯ４盐在室温范围内不会使乙醇─水体系分层，但在ＭｇＳＯ４─Ｃ２Ｈ５ＯＨ—Ｈ２Ｏ体系中加入少量的Ｌｉ２ＳＯ４会使分层温度下降１０℃左右，Ｌｉ２ＳＯ４和ＭｇＳＯ４作为混合盐加入乙醇─水体系中表现出加合性．     

盐水体系热力学平衡态和非平衡态相图

在对海水Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋、Ｍｇ（２＋）／／ＣＩ－、ＳＯ４（２－）－Ｈ２Ｏ体系在２５℃时或室温条件下采用合成复体法得到的平衡溶解度相图，蒸发结晶方式得到的蒸发相和采用过饱和溶液封闭静置结晶法得到的过饱和区相图进行对比分析，把它们划分成两种类型，热力学平衡态和非平衡态相图。对这两类相图关系进行探讨基础上认为，热力学非平衡相图主要是由于同一种盐在水溶液中是双粒子形式共存而引起过饱和溶解度现象所致。     

Speciation of aluminum in the stream waters from the Susquehanna River watershed, Chesapeake Bay

 The aim of this paper was to analyze the processing and transport of aluminum speciation through the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of the Chesapeake Bay landscape. Stream waters were sampled in 14 different streams from the Susquehanna River watershed to the upper reach of Chesapeake Bay. The basic water quality data were documented and Al speciation was evaluated by modified MINEQL computer model. It was found that the increase in acidity in some of the stream waters near New York were closely linked with a marked decline in basic cation concentrations. In these areas, the sum of the toxic forms of Al³⁺ plus AlOH²⁺ and Al(OH)₂ ⁺ concentrations exceeds the critical level of 5 μmol l^–1. A potential threat from aluminum may occur. Received: 3 January 2000 · Accepted: 21 March 2000     

中条山区前寒武纪铜矿床地质历史演化及成矿年代

中条山区铜矿床是在中条古裂谷地质构造环境中演化形成的。本文从涑水杂岩期－绛县期－中条期－西阳河期等不同时代地质历史演化，分别探讨了中条山区不同类型铜矿床时空分布和成因上的内在联系。它们早期形成的矿源层受不同时代的层位和岩性控制，但在后期的２０００～２１００Ｍａ和１８００～１９００Ｍａ较大规模的构造－热事件，对不同类型铜矿床进行了叠加和改造，使铜质进一步富集，最终形成工业矿床     

西藏措勤盆地盖层条件分析

自1994年开始,中国石油天然气总公司开展了对青藏高原的地质调查。通过四年对藏北措勤盆地路线地质调查,发现有多套烃源岩。本文从岩性、厚度、岩石微观结构等方面研究了烃源岩盖层,发现泥质岩类、火山岩类及碳酸盐岩类为本区油气藏的主要盖层,致密粉细砂岩为次要盖层,并对各类盖层的有效性进行了评价。      

冻结黏土的动力学参数确定方法研究

基于黏弹性理论,对土的动弹性模量和阻尼比确定方法进行探讨,并结合青藏铁路沿线黏土在一系列温度下的动三轴试验结果,给出冻结黏土的动弹性模量和阻尼比的确定方法.结果表明：冻结黏土的骨干曲线不是双曲线,建议通过滞回曲线求冻土的动弹性模量和动应变幅,从而获得它们之间的关系;不同计算方法得到的阻尼比随动应变幅的变化趋势基本相同,用滞后角法计算得到的阻尼比整体小于用能量损失法计算得到的阻尼比,建议采用相关函数法计算应变滞后于应力的滞后角,然后用滞后角法计算土的阻尼比;冻结黏土的阻尼比随动应变幅的增加而增大.     

套管开窗侧钻技术在水井施工中的应用

套管开窗侧钻技术是处理井内复杂情况的一种有效手段，某地热井在完井抽水后，因取水段岩层垮塌造成取水井段堵塞，采用冲、扫、捞、等方法处理均无效，地热井几近报废，后采用该技术手段，使该井顺利竣工。