土壤有毒元素镉污染修复方法探讨

植物中的镉含量与土壤溶液中的镉含量成正相关关系，与土壤的pH值成负相关关系，土壤的酸碱度对植物吸收重金属元素具有显著的控制作用。因此，通过提高呈酸性土壤的pH值可以降低植物中的镉含量，解决植物中的镉超标问题。在土壤中施用硅酸钙、碳酸钙、熟石灰、硅酸镁钙等农用石灰性物质，特别是熟石灰，是提高土壤pH值最有效、最经济、最可行的方法。利用我省丰富而廉价的粘土资源，配合施加碱性物质，可更进一步提高土壤“抵抗力”，确保重金属镉超标区植物的安全。     

塔克拉玛干沙漠深部石英砂微结构特征及其环境意义

笔者对采自塔里木盆地腹部钻井岩芯中的石英砂及地表风砂时行了电镜扫描观察，结合沉积岩相和孢粉分析，对塔克拉玛干沙漠第四纪沉积环境做了初步分析，认为深部石英砂形态和结构具有多种外营力作用相互叠加的特征。近地表层显示风－冰川－水流作用的组合形态和结构类型；沉部则主要为水流－冰川－化学为主的组合，随深度增大，化学风化作用增强。地表风成砂不具备成熟的沙漠形态和表面结构，这可能同沙漠本身的年青性有关。     

322矿田铀矿床原地破碎浸出地质技术评估

本文从原地破碎浸出法采矿要求出发，对322铀矿田碎裂蚀变花岗岩型铀矿床（点）的地质构造、岩／矿石物质成分、矿石结构、铀的赋存形式、岩／矿石物理力学参数、矿体形态、产状、规模及矿床水文地质条件进行了研究；通过原地爆破筑堆试验及一系列铀矿的柱浸工艺试验，获得了大量原地破碎浸出参数；运用原地破碎浸出法适用性评价模型对其进行了评价，认为该矿田碎裂蚀变花岗岩型铀矿床适宜采用原地破碎浸出法开采。     

Geological Factors Controlling the Accumulation and High Yield of Marine-Facies Shale Gas: Case Study of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in the Dingshan Area of Southeast Sichuan,China

The main geological factors controlling the accumulation and yield of marine-facies shale gas reservoirs are the focus of the current shale gas exploration and development research. In this study, the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in the Dingshan area of southeast Sichuan was investigated. Shale cores underwent laboratory testing, which included the evaluation of total organic carbon(TOC), vitrinite reflectance(Ro), whole-rock X-ray diffraction(XRD), pore permeability,and imaging through field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM). Based on the results of natural gamma ray spectrum logging, conventional logging, imaging logging, and seismic coherence properties, the exploration and development potential of shale gas in the Dingshan area have been discussed comprehensively. The results showed that(1)layer No. 4(WF2-LM4) of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation has a Th/U ratio 2 and a Th/K ratio of 3.5–12. Graptolites and pyrite are relatively abundant in the shale core, indicating sub-high-energy and low-energy marine-facies anoxic reducing environments.(2) The organic matter is mainly I-type kerogen with a small amount of II1-type kerogen. There is a good correlation among TOC, Ro, gas content, and brittle minerals; the fracturing property(brittleness) is 57.3%. Organic and inorganic pores are moderately developed. A higher pressure coefficient is correlated with the increase in porosity and the decrease in permeability.(3) The DY1 well of the shale gas reservoir was affected by natural defects and important latestage double destructive effects, and it is poorly preserved. The DY2 well is located far from the Qiyueshan Fault. Large faults are absent, and upward fractures in the Longmaxi Formation are poorly developed. The well is affected by low tectonic deformation intensity, and it is well preserved.(4) The Dingshan area is located at the junction of the two sedimentary centers of Jiaoshiba and Changning. The thickness of the high-quality shale interval(WF2-LM4) is relatively small, which may be an important reason for the unstable production of shale gas thus far. Based on the systematic analysis of the geological factors controlling high-yield shale gas enrichment in the Dingshan area, and the comparative analysis with the surrounding typical exploration areas, the geological understanding of marine shale gas enrichment in southern China has been improved. Therefore, this study can provide a useful reference for shale gas exploration and further development.     

大巴山国家地质公园岩溶景观空间分层结构及受新构造运动的影响

大巴山国家地质公园岩溶景观种类齐全、组成系统完整,其发育和分布受构造控制作用显著。文章探讨大巴山国家地质公园岩溶景观特征及其空间分层结构受构造控制的作用机制,发现岩溶空间形态总体呈现掀斜式强烈抬升、河流深切的亚热带中低山峡谷岩溶特点,新构造运动间歇性隆升对岩溶景观垂向发育影响较为显著。岩溶发育的空间层位划分为三个高程层级,从下至上连续分段为440～700 m,700～1 200 m,1 200～1 890 m。空间分层结构反映某一阶段地壳总体处于相对稳定的时期,发育水平岩溶系统（溶洞）,后期地壳发生快速抬升,出现少量竖向岩溶系统（落水洞）,溶洞的分布与相应的侵蚀基准面（现代河床、各级阶地）相适应。根据发育层级推测,研究区至少经历过四次规模较大的间歇性快速抬升构造活动,各级夷平面先后受喜马拉雅运动第Ⅱ幕和第Ⅲ幕影响。喜马拉雅运动多次间歇性快速抬升过程中,丰沛的地下水和地表水下切并快速溶蚀形成多层剥蚀台地。在新构造运动相对稳定期,有充分的条件循环交替溶蚀导致垂向、水平岩溶均出现较大规模发育。      

新疆喀什地区旅游资源开发构思

对喀什地区的旅游资源开发要突出以维吾尔族、塔吉克族民俗风情为主基调，以丝路文物古迹和帕米尔高原自然风光、平原沙漠为辅的旅游主题，重点开发历史文化名城-喀什市中心旅游区、喀什民俗大观园景区、塔什库尔干石头城景区、慕士塔格冰川公园景区、莎车景区、卡尔苏沙漠景区、唐王城景区，西克尔-青石峡景区、喀什噶里-四十眼泉景区等。以喀什历史文化名城建设和喀什民俗大观园主题公园、慕士塔格冰川公园开发为先导，重点规划设计、重点投资建设、形成以喀什为中心，塔什库尔干县城，莎车县城和巴楚城为外围支撑，以314国道为主线，315国道和215省道为干线的旅游线路，构成连接全地区主要规划景区的旅游网络。     

Low temperature eclogite facies rocks discovered in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis: Poly-cyclic metamorphic evolution and implications

We report the first occurrence of poly-cyclic high-pressure low-temperature (HP-LT) rocks from the easternmost Indus-Yarlung suture zone, formed during subduction of Neo-Tethyan oceanic lithosphere. Petrology, mineral composition and P–T pseudosection modelling reveal two low-temperature eclogite facies metamorphic events with an initial high-pressure P–T condition of 16.4–18.7 kbar and 510–520°C, exhumation to 10.5–12.0 kbar and 580–590°C and a subsequent second high-pressure P–T condition of ~16 kbar and ~560°C and exhumation to ≤9 kbar and ≤600°C. This history implies a complex ‘yo-yo type’ P–T path. In situ monazite dating and textural relationships show that late-stage exhumation, cooling and garnet breakdown occurred at c. ~25–22 Ma. We interpret the first burial event to represent subduction of the Neo-Tethys Ocean at the eastern Indus-Yarlung suture zone. Initial exhumation, reburial and final exhumation represent material transport in a large-scale convective circulation system in the subduction channel. Convective overturn in the subduction channel evidently serves both as a mechanism to produce poly-cyclic metamorphism and to exhume LT eclogite facies rocks.