塔里木盆地北部地区主要断裂带构造应力场与油气运移

塔里木盆地北部地区的断裂构造对油气的形成、运移、储集和保存具有极为重要的控制作用。大型多期活动断裂控制了大型隆起和拗陷的形成、发展和演化,是各时期油源纵向运移的良好通道;小型或次级断裂以及由断裂产生的节理、裂隙等,可改善储层的性能,是该区各种储油构造形成的主要构造条件。
笔者认为,油气的运移和聚集最主要的条件是构造应力驱动。为了将断裂构造活动的构造应力场与油气运移的物质场结合起来,建立了构造应力驱动与岩内流体运动的理论方程,这个方程反映了构造应力、流体内压和运移势之间的微分关系。
笔者对该区已知油田不同类型断裂机制的储油构造型式、油气富集条件及部位进行了理论分析和模拟计算,进而对主要构造区块选择典型剖面模拟计算运移势状态,并与已知油田进行类比,找出油气运移和储集的有利地区,为塔北地区油田勘探提出了预测意见。      

Investigation and Assessment of Landslides and Debris Flows in Sichuan Province of China by Remote Sensing Technique

Taking TM images, ETM images, SPOT images, aerial photos and other remote sensing data as fundamental sources, this research makes a thorough investigation on landslides and debris flows in Sichuan Province, China, using the method of manual interpretation and taking topography maps as references after the processes of terrain correction, spectral matching, and image mosaic. And then, the spatial characteristics of landslides and debris flows in the year of 2005 are assessed and made into figures. The environmental factors which induce landslides and debris flows such as slope, vegetation coverage, lithology, rainfall and so on are obtained by GIS spatial analysis method. Finally, the relationships of landslides or debris flows with some environmental factors are analyzed based on the grade of each environmental factor. The results indicate： 1） The landslides and debris flows are mainly in the eastern and southern area of Sichuan Province, however, there are few landslides and debris flows in the western particularly the northwestern Sichuan. 2） The landslides and debris flows of Sichuan Province are mostly located in the regions with small slope degree. The occurring rate of debris flow reduces with the increase of the vegetation coverage degree, but the vegetation coverage degree has little to do with the occurrence of landslide. The more rainfall a place has, the easier the landslides and debris flows take place.     

Northward Shift in Landfall Locations of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific during the Last Four Decades

This study analyzes landfall locations of tropical cyclones(TCs)over the western North Pacific during 1979–2018.Results demonstrate that the landfall locations of TCs over this region have shifted northward during the last four decades,primarily due to the shift of landfalling TC tracks,with the decreasing/increasing proportion of westward/northward TC tracks.In particular,the northward shift of the landfalling TCs was not related to their formation locations,which have not markedly changed,whereas"no-landed"TCs have significantly shifted northward.TC movement was significantly and positively correlated to the zonal component of the steering flow,while the correlation between TC movement and the meridional component of the steering flow was relatively unobvious.The westward steering flow in the tropical central Pacific that occurred around the formation and early development of the westward TCs was significantly weakened,which was unfavorable for their westward movement,thereby,causing the higher proportions of northward moving tracks.This weakened westward flow was related to the northward shift of the subtropical high ridge,which was caused by significant weakening of the southern part of the subtropical high.The vertical wind shear,sea surface temperature,and convective available potential energy also showed that the northern region of the western North Pacific became more favorable for TC development,whereas the upper divergence,low-layer relative vorticity,and accumulated water vapor content were not obviously related to the northward shift of TCs.     

遂平县近54a气温变化特征分析

利用遂平县1954-2007年气温观测资料,分析该县近54a的气温变化特征.结果表明:遂平县近54 a来气温呈波动上升趋势,气候变暖,与我国乃至全球气候变暖趋势基本一致,气温变化倾向率为0.124 ℃/10a.冬季气温上升幅度较大、春季次之、秋季较小,夏季气温下降,高、低温天气日数明显减少.遂平县有资料以来的最温暖时期出现在20世纪90年代中后期到21世纪初期,即1994-2002年之间,20世纪90年代暖冬现象特别明显.     

华东地质学院校园网设计方案简介

根据华东地质学院校园网二期建设项目,简要介绍了本院校园网的拓扑结构图、校园网采用的VLAN技术及其第三层交换（路由）技术,阐述了校园网建设中子网划分与IP地址分配方法。     

橄榄岩-卤水反应实验生成富烷氢流体

<正>1研究目的(Objective)利用地球化学动力学实验室流动反应装置(国家发明专利)探索高温高压下水(卤水)与橄榄岩相互作用产出氢气和甲烷的生成机制。实验发现:400℃反应时释放很高浓度氢气和甲烷等可燃气,同时橄榄岩发生蛇纹石化。实验表明氢和甲烷可能来自地下深处,这是蛇绿岩与油气有关的实验依据。近年来发现:大西洋中脊的一些水热活动地区,热水与超镁铁岩石反应。喷口流体富含甲烷、氢和     

徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩裂缝与天然气成藏

徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩储层虽然发育大量气孔和原生裂缝,但是其连通性差,构造裂缝的发育程度决定了储层的优劣和成藏概率。为了阐明裂缝与天然气成藏之间的关系,首先,利用岩心、成像测井以及实验分析等资料对徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩储层裂缝的成因类型与特征、控制因素、分布规律及形成期次进行了研究,然后结合研究区烃源岩演化、气源断裂活动期次以及盖层封闭能力演化,讨论了构造裂缝与天然气成藏的关系。研究结果显示,徐家围子断陷营城组火山岩发育原生裂缝和次生裂缝,以次生构造裂缝为主。在平面上构造裂缝受断裂、岩性和岩相控制,在纵向上受不整合面控制,具有旋回性分布的特点。构造裂缝主要分三期形成,其中第二期形成时期(泉头组沉积末期-青山口组沉积时期)与烃源岩生烃高峰期相吻合,并且气源断裂处于活动期,盖层也具有很好的封气能力,为研究区主要成藏期。     

Late Quaternary Slip Behavior of the Jinqianghe Fault in the Middle Qilian–Haiyuan Fault Zone, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau

The Qilian–Haiyuan fault zone in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau has been the source of strong earthquakes in the region. In its middle segment, the Jinqianghe fault is an important active fault within the Tianzhu seismic gap; however, little is known about its slip behavior. To present a new horizontal displacement distribution along this fault, we used WorldView-2 stereo pairs and unmanned aerial vehicle-based photogrammetry to construct digital elevation models to obtain a detailed tectono-geomorphic interpretation and geomorphic offsets. The offset marker measurements yielded 135 geomorphic displacements and 8 offset clusters. Radiocarbon dating was used to establish the regional age sequence of the geomorphic units in offset fluvial terraces at four study sites. The displacements and ages linked the offset clusters with the geomorphic unit sequence; the Holocene strike-slip rate of the Jinqianghe fault was estimated to 4.8–5.6 mm/a at ~4–12 ka and 2.9–4.7 mm/a from ~4 ka. Three recent earthquakes (with a recurrence interval of ~1000 years) represent an active seismic period, revealing the potential seismic hazard along this fault because it has not ruptured in the last 1500 years.     

综合地球物理方法在山前隐伏断裂探测中的应用——以巍山—长山南坡断裂为例

针对探测山前隐伏断裂复杂困难的特点,以巍山—长山南坡断裂为例,采用浅层地震勘探和高密度电法勘探等地球物理方法并结合钻孔联合地质剖面资料,对巍山—长山南坡断裂的隐伏段的准确位置和活动性进行研究,确定断层的准确位置和产状等。研究结果表明,巍山—长山南坡断裂在唐山市区的隐伏段为S倾的正断层,倾角约78°,断距约3 m,上断点埋深约19 m;该断裂在市区的隐伏段为中更新世断裂,晚更新世以来不活动。     

基于实体模型的三维GIS矢量数据管理

三维城市景观系统和三维城市地质系统的融合是城市GIS的发展趋势,提出了一种针对真三维城市GIS的基于实体的三维矢量空间数据模型,并设计了相应的数据结构和数据管理器。