长三角城市群生态安全评价与时空跃迁特征分析

采用“压力?状态?响应”模型、突变级数法和探索性时空数据分析方法,对长三角城市群26市生态安全状况进行定量测度和定性评价,分析了各城市生态安全空间格局和时空跃迁的演变特征。结果表明：① 2005—2015年长三角城市群各市生态安全状况有所好转,但大部分城市处于较不安全和较安全水平区间,总体生态安全水平不高。② 长三角城市群中部和东南部城市生态安全水平的空间结构稳定性更好;南通市具有最大的空间依赖性,而上海市表现出最小的空间依赖性;LISA（Local Indications of Spatial Association）时间路径移动方向的分析则表明长三角城市群在生态安全演变上体现出较强的空间整合性。③ Moran’s Ι 的空间凝聚度 $ {K}_{t} $=0.698,即不发生类型跃迁的概率为69.8%,表明长三角城市群各城市生态安全水平存在一定的格局变动但自身相对位置不易发生改变。探讨区域生态安全的协同增长机制,可为长三角城市群生态安全问题的诊断与调控提供理论基础,同时也可为其他城市群的可持续发展提供参考与借鉴。     

岩溶热储井间连通性的示踪研究

岩溶热储储层的不均匀性强,采灌井之间的连通性不易确定。示踪技术可以将运移参数量化,有效刻画储层流体的特征,研究回灌井和开采井之间的水力联系,包括导水通道,流体流速等信息,对长期回灌可能引起的开采井的冷却进行预测,是岩溶热储井间连通性研究十分有效的技术。本文以华北牛驼镇地热田雄县地区为例,针对蓟县系雾迷山组岩溶热储,采用荧光素钠示踪剂,进行了1口井注入,10口井观测的群井示踪试验。采用裂隙介质溶质运移模型,对示踪试验数据进行了解释,得到优势通道的长度、渗透流速、纵向弥散度、回收率等储层性质,获得了试验区内采灌井之间的连通特征。对调整采灌井布局提出了建议。     

北淮阳变质单元岩石学、年代学分析及对大别造山带构造缝合线位置的探究

直至现今,大别造山带构造缝合线确切位置一直不是十分明朗,争议颇多。为此,本研究以该造山带最北缘防虎山-舒城地区为研究靶区,对该地区出露的片岩、片麻岩进行了细致的变质岩石学和年代学分析。研究显示,防虎山地区出露的为含石墨片岩,其变质级别为绿片岩相：T=300 ℃～450 ℃和P=0.2～0.7 GPa,并具有4组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄：2 465～1 522 Ma（5颗）,1 140～938 Ma（14颗）,804～646 Ma（4颗）,460～422 Ma（14颗）。舒城地区的2个花岗片麻岩的锆石U-Pb年龄显示,它们的原岩年龄为767.9±7.8 Ma和770±16 Ma,其变质PT条件则为600 ℃～700 ℃和0.2～0.8 GPa。因此,可以确定这两类岩石应属于北淮阳变质单元中佛子岭群和卢镇关群物质,具明显的亲扬子性。结合前人断裂构造分析和相关的年龄资料,可以判定扬子板块和华北板块的构造缝合线位置应位于肥中断裂附近。     

从柴达木盆地钾盐矿的遥感地质研究到罗布泊钾盐矿的发现

通过柴达木盆地钾盐矿影象特征、地质环境等的研究,并通过影象对比及野外调查,证实罗布泊地区存在一大型或巨型钾盐矿床。这是我国利用遥感技术找矿的一个成功范例。     

笼养密度对九孔鲍生长的影响

在室内水池内以五层笼摞叠养殖方式,试验了入笼时平均壳长21.2 mm(平均体重1.1 7 g)、37.0 mm(平均体重5.43 g)、51.8 mm(平均体重16.08 g)小、中、大3种规格的九孔鲍的不同放养密度对其生长的影响.笼子大小为40 cm×30 cm×12 cm.小规格设每笼放养量为25、30、35、40、45与50只6种密度;中为25、30、35、40、与45只5种密度;大为20、25、30与40只4种密度.经60 d试验,结果表明(1)小个体组以30只/笼生长最快,平均160μm/d,33 mg/d;(2)中个体组以25只/笼生长最快,平均123um/d,62 mg/d;(3)大个体组以20只/笼生长最快,平均95 μm/d,116 mg/d.     

Seasonal fluctuation of Myxobolus gibelioi（Myxosporea） plasmodia in the gills of the farmed allogyno—genetic gibel carp in China

The seasonal fluctuation of the plasmodia ofMyxobolus gibelioi Wu et Wang, 1982 in the gill filaments of the allogynogenetic gibel carpCarassius auratus gibelio (Bloch) in a fish pond in Hubei Province of China was investigated from August 1999 to July 2000. A total of 445 fish was examined; the overall prevalence of the plasmodium infection in the fish was 64.94% and mean abundance of plasmodia was 11.65±27.85 (mean±SD). Significant seasonal changes in prevalence and mean abundance, with higher levels of the plasmodia infection from late spring to autumn, were observed. This research was financially supported by the Projects for Knowledge Innovation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KSCX2-1-04 and No. 1999051) and the Science & Technology Commision of Wuhan City (No. 995004095G).     

Proteocephalus sinocyclocheili n. sp. (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) in a fishSinocyclocheilus grahami tingi Fang from Yunnan, China

A new species ofProteocephalus from the fishSinocyclocheilus grahami tingi, a subspecies endemic to Fuxian Lake in Southwest China,is described. This is the first report of cestode from this host. The new species differs fromP. exiguus, P. Longicollis, P. parasiluri andP. torulosus, the only other species ofProteocephalus currently reported from China, by lacking an apical sucker, fromP. exiguus by having 45–108 rather than 24–54 testes per proglottis, and a maximum of 15 rather than 28 uterine diverticula; fromP.longicollis by having an average of 45–108 rather than 75–115 testes per proglottis and testes being in a single layer instead of 2 layers; and fromP. torulosus by having 45–108 instead of 150 testes per proglottis and testes being in 3–4 layers; and fromP. parasiluri by having 45–108 rather than 180 testes per proglottis. It resemblesP. percae, P. pollanicola, andP. thymalli in number of testes and uterine diverticula, but differs by lacking an apical sucker.Proteocephalus thymalli, like the new species, has a vagina that opens dorsally to the cirrus sac, butP. thymalli slao has postovarian testes, which the new species lacks. The possible significance of parasitological examinations of the other two subspecies ofS. grahami in two lakes close to Fuxian Lake is discussed in relation to host speciation and coevolution of the host-parasite system.     

西宁盆地泥质型钙芒硝资源的开发利用

西宁盆地蕴藏着极为丰富的钙芒硝资源,80年代即已探明硫酸钠(Na_2SO_4)地质储量20亿吨,远景储量100亿吨以上。矿床所在地距西宁市区2～10余km,水、电、路“三通”良好,且无水硫酸钠及其深加工产品市场颇为广阔。80年代以来,这种“城市矿”曾几次建厂开发。至今未能开发成功的直接原因是,矿石含泥质物较高,用常规方法脱除困难。笔者以新的工艺流程进行的日产10吨芒硝的脱泥除杂中试试验表明,以这种泥质型矿为原料,完全可以以低的成本生产出高纯度的硫酸钠产品,可以取得可观的经济效益。西宁盆地具备形成一个硫酸钠盐型盐化工工业基地的基本条件。     

Effect of the intermediate principal stress on the mechanical behaviour of breakable granular materials using realistic particle models

Acta Geotechnica - The effect of the intermediate principal stress (relative magnitude quantified by b) on the mechanical behaviour of breakable granular materials was studied using a DEM...