新疆觉罗塔格韧性变形带组构及动力学意义

新疆觉罗塔格韧性变形带,惯称秋格明塔什-黄山韧性剪切带,发育于吐哈地块和中天山地块之间的EW向石炭系火山-沉积建造中,由一组走向EW、产状陡立的透入性片理组成。韧性变形带内韧性构造形迹发育,并可分为4个等级:大型构造、小型构造、微观构造和超微观构造。不同级别构造形迹的组构分析表明,觉罗塔格韧性变形带的内部组构是对称的,这意味着其成因于对称的构造变形。与主界面平行的大量压性构造形迹的产出,说明该对称组构成因于与垂直变形带(面)的共轴挤压作用,即觉罗塔格韧性变形带是一个韧性挤压带。      

作物生长岩-土环境中不同存在形态钾素含量动态变化

以较系统的观测资料,对土壤环境中的缓效态、速效态、水溶态钾素含量的动态变化进行探索.结果表明,缓效态钾的季节性动态变化制约着速效态、水溶态钾的季节性动态变化,但是后两者变化幅度较缓效态钾的大;这种动态变化同时受土壤类型和深度的影响.     

青藏高原三维变形运动学的时段划分和新构造分区

青藏高原形成至今经历了4个互有叠接的构造期。α期以南北缩短和向北推移为主,主要发生在45～35 Ma期间,β期表现为长周期缓慢隆升,在35～5.3 Ma期间占主导地位;γ期为短周期快速隆升阶段,自5.3Ma开始,3.0 Ma以后逐渐达到高峰;δ期以东西向伸展变形为特征,3.0 Ma以前出现在喜马拉雅地区,3.0 Ma以后遍及整个高原.第四纪以后表现为占主导地位的变形运动形式。根据γ期和δ期构造变动在空间和时间上的不均匀性,把青藏高原划分为西藏、羌塘和柴达木3个构造域。     

2011年度地球物理与空间物理学科项目评审与资助成果

12011年度项目受理与统计分析 1．1项目受理2011年度地球物理与空间物理学科申请项目总计1090项。其中面上项目622项,青年科学基金项目395项,地区科学基金项目16项,国家杰出青年基金项目28项,“华北克拉通破坏”重大研究计划项目8项,联合基金项目2项,“日地空间环境与空间天气”领域重点项目19项。     

曲流点坝内部剩余油形成与分布规律物理模拟

建立了曲流点坝物理模型,模拟地下曲流点坝储层进行驱替实验。观察注入剂的运动规律,同时,在模型上布置了测量电极,以双电极法测量驱替过程中垂向电阻变化,反映注入剂波及高度的变化规律。分析了侧积泥岩夹层的建筑结构对注入剂在点坝砂体中的流动规律,以及对剩余油的形成分布的影响。通过实验研究证实,在曲流点坝内部,侧积泥岩夹层对注入剂具有强烈的遮挡作用,受其影响形成侧积体差异型剩余油、重力型剩余油以及压力异常型剩余油三种类型剩余油,主要分布在点坝的中上部。在实际生产中,利用水平井钻遇点坝上部进行开采是主要的手段。     

Palaeoenvironmental significance of Late Permian palaeosols in the South‐Eastern Iberian Ranges,Spain

The Late Permian (Wuchiapingian) Alcotas Formation in the SE Iberian Ranges consists of one red alluvial succession where abundant soil profiles developed. Detailed petrographical and sedimentological studies in seven sections of the Alcotas Formation allow six different types of palaeosols, with distinctive characteristics and different palaeogeographical distribution, to be distinguished throughout the South‐eastern Iberian Basin. These characteristics are, in turn, related to topographic, climatic and tectonic controls. The vertical distribution of the palaeosols is used to differentiate the formation in three parts from bottom to top showing both drastic and gradual vertical upwards palaeoenvironmental changes in the sections. Reconstruction of palaeoenvironmental conditions based on palaeosols provides evidence for understanding the events that occurred during the Late Permian, some few millions of years before the well‐known Permian‐Triassic global crisis.     

非开挖城市地下信息管线数据采集和建库

地下管线的数据采集和建库是实现地下管线信息化管理的基础和前提。本文提出了针对目前非开挖敷管数据三维数据采集和整理结合CAD进行三维成像的思路,与城市地下管线信息管理系统整合,实现地下管线的系统高效信息化管理。     

Case study of a giant debris flow in the Wenjia Gully, Sichuan Province, China

The debris flow, which was triggered in the Wenjia Gully on August 13, 2010, is an extreme example of mass movement events, which occurred after the Wenchuan earthquake of May 12, 2008. This Earthquake triggered in the Wenjia Gully the second largest co-seismic landslide, which can be classified as a rockslide-debris avalanche. A lot of loose sediments was deposited in the basin. In the main so called Deposition Area II of this landslide, with a volume of 30?×?10⁶?m³, flash floods can easily trigger debris flows because of the steep bottom slope and the relative small grain sizes of the sediments. The largest debris flow of August 13, 2010 destroyed the most downstream dam in the catchment during a heavy rain storm. The debris flow with a peak discharge of 1,530?m³/s and a total volume of 3.1?×?10⁶?m³ caused the death of 7 persons, 5 persons were missing, 39 persons were injured and 479 houses buried. After three rainy seasons, only 16?% of the landslide-debris deposition was taken away by 5 large-scale debris flow events. Since the threshold for rainfall triggered debris flows in the Wenjia Gully and other catchments drastically decreased after the Wenchuan Earthquake, new catastrophic events are expected in the future during the rainy season.     

Geochemistry of Brines from Salt Ore Deposits in Western Tarim Basin

In the geological evolution of the Tarim Basin, many transgressions and relictions happened. So there have been plentiful sources of salt. Moreover, because of uttermost drought, a lot of salt has been deposited. It is possible to find potash salt in this area. In our fieldwork, we have found salt and brine in western Tarim Basin. Based on a geological survey and the characteristics of sedimentary facies and paleogeography, this paper deals with the geochemical parameters and discusses the possibility of formation of potash salt in terms of the chemical analyses of samples collected from western Tarim Basin. Results of brine analysis lead to some conclusions: most of these salt brines have eluviated from very thick halite beds, mainly chloridetype salt and this kind of halite does not reach the stage of potash deposition in all aspects; WKSL (Wukeshalu) occupies a noticeable place, and we should attach importance to this district because there have been some indicators of the occurrence of potash deposits as viewed from the contents of Br and K. Finally, low Br contents are recognized in the Tarim Basin as a result of salt aggradation, and this point of view has been proved by the results of this experiment and the data available. It cannot depend upon the index of Br to judge the evolution stage of halite. We must look for other facies of potash except marine facies.