文化景观地图设计:表达对象与艺术风格

依托西湖文化景观的典型案例,本文以表达对象与艺术风格为具体突破点,首先从景观基因理论的视角出发,结合我国文化景观特有的意象要素,建立了文化景观地图表达对象选取的理论框架,在此基础上确定了《西湖文化景观地图》的表达对象.进而采取"古为今用"的地图设计理念,提出了移植宋代山水地图艺术风格的设计思路,并据此制定了《西湖文化景...     

GPS跨河水准在大桥工程中的应用研究

结合某大型桥梁工程的GPS跨河水准数据,利用直线拟舍、平面拟合、平均值法三种方法对跨河点进行高程拟合。通过和常规跨河水准所测跨河点间的高差进行比较,论证GPS跨河水准的可行性和优越性。     

高速公路建设对山地景观格局的影响--以云南省澜沧江流域为例

以云南省土地利用图为基本图件,借助地理信息系统软件,运用景观生态学原理和方法研究云南省国际大通道建设对山地景观格局的影响,选择了澜沧江流域中下游两个典型区公路段,通过计算不同缓冲区景观格局指数的变化来定量化研究公路建设对景观格局影响规律。结果表明,道路修建直接导致景观格局改变,斑块数目、斑块密度、边缘密度和分维数增加,景观异质性增加;进一步研究表明,道路建设对缓冲区200 m内的景观格局直接影响最大,200 m外的影响趋于缓和;而多样性指数和均匀度指数在不同缓冲区变化不是很大;分析结果也表明,澜沧江中下游土地利用的空间分异和地貌差异也导致道路建设对景观格局影响不同。     

U-Pb Dating and Hf Isotopic Compositions of Quartz Diorite and Monzonitic Granite from the Tengchong-Lianghe Block, Western Yunnan,and Its Geological Implications

高黎贡-腾梁花岗岩带是冈底斯花岗岩带的东延部分.腾梁花岗岩中辉长-闪长质包体、花岗岩、石英闪长岩密切共生.辉长-闪长质包体的结构构造、矿物学特征表明,它们是岩浆快速冷凝结晶的产物.地球化学数据显示,辉长-闪长质包体为钙碱性系列,具有低SiO2、高MgO和Mg#的特征,富集Rb、Sr、Th、Ba和Ce,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Zr、Yb和Y;寄主花岗岩为中钾-高钾钙碱性系列,准铝质到弱过铝质,富集Rb、Th、Zr和Hf,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、Sr、P和Ba,具有中等程度的负Eu异常;石英闪长岩介于二者之间.锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS定年显示,石英闪长岩形成年龄为127.10±0.96 Ma,花岗岩形成年龄为123.8±2.5 Ma.结合辉长-闪长质包体形成年龄为122.6 Ma,三者年龄基本一致,从年代学角度为花岗岩、辉长-闪长质包体和石英闪长岩岩浆混合作用成因提供了证据.石英闪长岩锆石εHf(t)值变化于-7.61～-3.80.结合辉长-闪长质包体、花岗岩的εHf(t)值及地球化学特征,认为花岗岩来源于古老地壳的部分熔融,辉长闪长质包体来源于地幔楔橄榄岩部分熔融,石英闪长岩为幔源岩浆与古老地壳部分熔融的岩浆完全混合的产物.腾梁地块早白垩世侵入岩很可能与班公湖-怒江洋壳岩石圈向南俯冲的动力学背景有关.     

城市特色电子地图设计——以南京市为例

近年来,电子地图在人们的日常生活及旅游中发挥着越来越大的作用。城市特色电子地图作为一种新型电子地图,是公众获取城市地理空间信息、了解和认识城市的重要媒介,也是宣传、推广城市的有效工具,它能有效凸显城市结构和城市文化。然而,目前关于城市电子地图的研究主要集中在技术开发与功能实现方面,鲜有对其视觉设计及艺术性表现的探索,难以凸显城市特色。本文基于城市空间认知、地图视觉感受、色彩地理学等理论,从可视化表达的角度探讨了城市特色电子地图的设计方法,并在此基础上结合南京城市特色电子地图设计的实践案例,对分级内容选取、符号设计及色彩设计的具体方法与过程进行了阐述,旨在为城市特色电子地图设计提供参考。     

2009-2010年黄海绿潮起源与发生过程调查研究

绿潮是我国近海一种新型的海洋生态灾害,自2007年以来,每年5-7月在黄海海域周期性暴发与消亡,给沿海地区造成不同的环境影响和经济损失。本文基于2009-2010年黄海绿潮潜在起源区和绿潮发生过程的海上连续跟踪观测资料,对黄海浒苔绿潮的起源和发生发展过程进行了分析。结果表明,2009年和2010年黄海漂浮绿潮藻均首先发现于江苏南通小洋口外的太阳岛附近,随后,在小洋口至大丰港的近岸海域逐渐出现漂浮绿藻,并随时间逐渐向北漂移,分布面积和生物量均不断增大。不同年份间,黄海浒苔绿潮具有相似的发生发展过程,主要可以分为绿潮藻漂浮发生阶段、绿潮藻聚集阶段以及规模性绿潮形成阶段;但绿潮的发生时间、发生规模和漂移路径有所差异;2009年绿潮漂移线路为逐渐远离海岸线,而2010年绿潮藻的漂移路径基本为平行于海岸线;温度升高与绿潮暴发具有明显相关性。     

The effects of urbanization on ecosystem services for biodiversity conservation in southernmost Yunnan Province,Southwest China

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Urbanization can profoundly influence the ecosystem service for biodiversity conservation. However, few studies have investigated this effect, which is...     

基于电流理论识别多物种扩散廊道的优先度——以西南西双版纳为例（英文）

Ecological corridor networks can efficiently improve regional landscape connectivity. Corridors for multiple faunal species movements are receiving increasing attention and graph theory is considered a promising way to explore landscape connectivity. In Xishuangbanna, the circuit theory was applied to explore the corridor networks for biodiversity for the first time. In addition, disturbances caused by the road network and the protection efficiency of National Nature Reserves and planned area for corridors were evaluated. Results indicated that the regional corridor networks could be estimated using a modified circuit method and Zonation model. Spatially, the key corridors were concentrated in the central-western, southeastern and northern regions. We detected 66 main intersections between key corridors and the road buffer. Of these points, 65% are forest, 23% grassland and 12% farmland. More than half of the area of National Nature Reserves constituted the top 50% of the corridors, and the planned corridor areas could efficiently protect some key corridors. However, these reserves only protected about 17% of regional key corridors, and the corridor conservation area in the western and northern regions were absent. The issues addressed in our study aided in the elucidation of the importance of regional landscape connectivity assessments and operational approaches in conservation planning.     

国土资源部数据中心数据管理平台技术开发与实现

国土资源部数据中心数据管理平台是数据中心的重要组成部分。该平台的开发,实现了数据检查、入库、管理、展示、分析和服务等功能,完成了土地、地质、矿产等数据的入库、管理与服务,建立了数据中心数据统一数据管理与应用服务的技术体系。本文从数据管理平台的技术架构、技术开发和实际应用等方面论述了平台开发思路与方法。     

Simulating the three-dimensional circulation and hydrography of Halifax Harbour using a multi-nested coastal ocean circulation model

Halifax Harbour is located on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada. It is one of the world’s largest, ice-free natural harbours and of great economic importance to the region. A good understanding of the physical processes controlling tides, flooding, transport and dispersion, and hydrographic variability is required for pollution control and sustainable development of the Harbour. For the first time, a multi-nested, finite difference coastal ocean circulation model is used to reconstruct the three-dimensional circulation and hydrography of the Harbour and its variability on timescales of hours to months for 2006. The model is driven by tides, wind and sea level pressure, air-sea fluxes of heat, and terrestrial buoyancy fluxes associated with river and sewage discharge. The predictive skill of the model is assessed by comparing the model simulations with independent observations of sea level from coastal tide gauges and currents from moored instruments. The simulated hydrography is also compared against a new monthly climatology created from all available temperature and salinity observations made in the Harbour over the last century. It is shown that the model can reproduce accurately the main features of the observed tides and storm surge, seasonal mean circulation and hydrography, and wind driven variations. The model is next used to examine the main physical processes controlling the circulation and hydrography of the Harbour. It is shown that non-linear interaction between tidal currents and complex topography occurs over the Narrows. The overall circulation can be characterized as a two-layer estuarine circulation with seaward flow in the thin upper layer and landward flow in the broad lower layer. An important component of this estuarine circulation is a relatively strong, vertically sheared jet situated over a narrow sill connecting the inner Harbour to the deep and relatively quiescent Bedford Basin. Local wind driven variability is strongest in winter as expected but it is also shown that a significant part of the temperature and salinity variability is driven by physical processes occurring on the adjacent inner continental shelf, especially during storm and coastal upwelling events.